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Managing the Collective Collection – print books in Maine
Right-scaling stewardship
Maine InfoNet E-Collection Summit , 24 May 2013
Constance Malpas
Program OfficerOCLC Research
@ConstanceM
With thanks to Brian Lavoie & Thom Hickey, OCLC Research
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A ‘system-wide’ perspective on libraries
Shift: local group collections service provision infrastructure management strategies
• Data intensive analyses• Frameworks for decision making• Building a shared evidence base for collective action
http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/swo.html
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• Core business functions of the library are moving to supra-institutional scale
• Network technologies, shift to digital accelerating this trend
• Print management functions (among others) increasingly organized at group scale
• Appropriate scale of cooperative action will vary, dependent on available infrastructure
Sourcing and scaling (Dempsey, Lavoie)
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North American print book resource as of January 2011: 45.7 million distinct publications 889.5 million total library holdings
49,790,608 924,617,036
North American print book resource as of January 2013: 49.8 million distinct publications (+9%) 924.6 million total library holdings (+4%)
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Distribution by library type varies across regions
43%36% 34%35%
Data current as of January 2011
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ARL total holdings: 357,419,468ARL total print book holdings: 232,610,958 (65%)ARL print book titles: 33,355,216
http://www.arl.org/arl/membership/members.shtml
~73% of North American print book collection
Asset v
Data current as of January 2013
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Selected Public Library Coverage Regional Print Book Collections
NYPL: 21%
Georgia Public Library : 6%Dallas Public Library :
11%
Los Angeles Public Library : 12%
San Francisco Public Library: 7%
St. Louis Public Library: 5% of ‘extra-regional’ collection
Cleveland Public Library: 10%
Data current as of January 2011
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Mega-regions & Library Consortia
Orbis-Cascade
CIC
ASERL
SCELC
MINITEXBoston
Library Cons.
NERL
OCUL
TEXSHARE
GWLA
LOUIS
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Right-scaling stewardship: assessing group-scale options
Charlanta
could secure 67% of regional collection
ChiPitts
could secure 58% of regional collection
NorCalSoCal
could secure 28%-47% of regional collection
Data current as of January 2011
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[Title goes here]
?
Print books in Maine:
• 1,964,419 titles (distinct editions)
• 3,691,823 Maine library holdings
• 1.88 avg. holdings per title in Maine
• 147 avg. holdings per title in WorldCat
Data current as of January 2013
Scope of regional print book resource (titles) has increased 3% since 2011
Size of collection (holdings) has increased 4%
Density of collection (holdings / title) has scarcely changed
Extra-regional duplication of Maine collection has decreased
still
v
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Print Books in Maine: holdings by library type
Majority of regional print book inventory is held by academic libraries
N = 3.69 M print book holdings in Maine
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Print Books in Maine: institutional infrastructure
… yet, academic libraries represent a small part of regional ecosystem
N = 127 library holding symbols in WorldCat
Traditionally, stewardship responsibility concentrated here
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Right-scaling Stewardship: the challenge for Maine
Few institutions with preservation capacity or mandate,
a collective collection that is widely duplicated elsewhere:
… 99% of collection is duplicated in Bos-Wash mega-region
… 68% of collection is held by >99 libraries in WorldCat
… 37% of collection is duplicated in HathiTrust Digital Library
limited options for redistribution of stewardship in state,
What part of regional resource should be managed at institution scale?
at group scale, via MSCS?
at regional scale, through partnerships with BosWash consortia?
at network scale, by leveraging Web-scale infrastructure like HathiTrust?
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Scale Matters: Assessing Preservation Risk
>90% of regional resource held by <5 libraries in Maine
3% of regional resource held by <5 libraries in WorldCat
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Regional resource is concentrated in a small number of libraries
UNIV OF MAINE AT ORONOBOWDOIN COL
BATES COLCOLBY COL
BANGOR PUB LIBRUNIV OF SOUTHERN MAINE
PORTLAND PUB LIBRMAINE STATE LIBR
MAINE CARD SERV AG, MAINE STATE LIBRCURTIS MEM LIBR
UNIV OF MAINE AT PRESQUE ISLEUNIV OF MAINE AT FARMINGTON
UNIV OF NEW ENGLANDUNIV OF MAINE AT MACHIAS
MAINE MARITIME ACADUNIV OF MAINE AT AUGUSTA
UNIV OF MAINE AT FT KENTBANGOR THEOL SEMINARY MOULTON LIBR
HUSSON UNIVUNIV OF MAINE, SCH OF LAW
COLLEGE OF THE ATLANTIC UNIV COL OF BANGOR LIBR
UNIV SOUTHERN MAINE LEWISTON AUBURN COLMAINE STATE LIBR BOOK-BY-MAIL
SAINT JOSEPH'S COL LIBRCENTRAL MAINE COMMUN COL
MAINE COL OF ART LIBRSOUTHERN MAINE TECH COL LIBR
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Library Coverage of Maine Print Book CollectionN = 1,964,419 titles
Data current as of January 2013
MSCS institutions alone cover 1% to 34% of regional print book collection
The Right Stuff?
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Print Books in Maine: cooperative infrastructure
*analysis excludes Bangor Theological Seminary (BTF)
Collective collection of 8 MSCS partners* accounts for 85% of print books in Maine
N = 1.96M print book titles in Maine
What part of this collection represents a distinctive shared asset worthy of MSCS investment?
?
Who is responsible for the rest?
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Cooperative Infrastructure – network scale
Data current as of May 2013
May 2011
Title – level duplication in collections
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• Typically, selection for local preservation prioritizes unique or rare holdings
• Shared print preservation initiatives are an opportunity to direct investment toward ‘group-scale’ priorities
• Widely-held titles that maximize collective benefit
• Dual format titles that minimize preservation risk, maximize access
• Topical collections that represent shared institutional interests
• Cooperative print preservation should maximize coherence of shared collection
Re-selecting for shared stewardship
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Where to Draw the Line (redux)
• Titles that have circulated or are likely to • Local priority / protection
Relatively low yield
*analysis excludes Bangor Theological Seminary (BTF)
Data current as of May 2013
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• Analysis based on scope of local holdings, relative to other topics in collection, and coverage of extant literature represented in WorldCat
• Potentially useful as an indicator of shared patterns of institutional investment
• Represents content that is distinctive within institutional context, distinctive within group distinctive within system-wide context
• Preservation strategy that recognizes existing centers will minimize disruption to library system, maximize coherence of collective collection
‘Centers’ of collection strength
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Places: Maine; Maine—Auburn; Maine—Bangor; Maine – Baxter State Park; Maine--Cumberland County; Maine—Hallowell; Maine—Lewiston; Maine—Pemaquid; Maine – Portland; Maine--Mount Desert Island; Barsetshire (England: Imaginary place)
Persons: DeGier, Rinus (Fictitious character); Dowling, Father (Fictitious character); Grijpstra, Henk (Fictitious character); Kelly, Homer (Fictitious character); Maitland, Antony (Fictitious character); Ramage, Nicholas (Fictitious character);
Organizations: Colby College; Maine Missionary Society; United States.--Army.--Maine Infantry Regiment, 20th (1862-1865); Boston Red Sox (Baseball team)
Topics: Jazz
Shared strength: ‘centers’ held by 2 or more MSCS
*analysis excludes Bangor Theological Seminary (BTF)
Public libraries collect most widely in popular fiction
Local history, local publications and authors
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UNIV O
F MAIN
E AT O
RONO
MAIN
E STATE L
IBR
LIBRARY O
F CONGRESS
PORTLAND P
UB LIB
R
LAW
& L
EGIS R
EF LIB
R
BANGOR PUB L
IBR
UNIV O
F SOUTHERN M
AINE
BATES COL
BOWDOIN
COL
BAKER & T
AYLOR IN
C TECH S
ERV
NUCMC
NEW Y
ORK PUB L
IBR
ALIBRIS
UNIV O
F ILLI
NOIS
CORNELL U
NIV
HARVARD UNIV
, HARVARD C
OL LI
BR
BOSTON PUB L
IBR
YALE U
NIV L
IBR
COLBY C
OL
NHSL CATALO
G
UNIV O
F MIN
NESOTA, MIN
NEAPOLIS
CLEVELA
ND PUB L
IBR
BAKER & T
AYLOR
INDIA
NA UNIV
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Library Coverage of Works related to Maine [fst01204270] N = 54,303 works
MSCS partners are the major repositories of literature related to Maine
Data current as of May 2013
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Centers reflect institutional priorities, faculty interests
Large number of holdings related to Irish literature, specialization of Colby scholar, Prof. JF Carens
Perhaps collected to supported work of Prof CJ Weber, prominent Hardy scholar
…may represent holdings that Colby will want to protect
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Centers reflect historical collecting priorities
Bangor Public Library holds large number of historical posters
…may represent holdings that Bangor & Portland Public will want to protect
Portland Public Libraryhas a significant collection of ‘altered’ artists’ books from joint project with Maine College of Art
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Identifying potential partnerscooperative collection management, cataloging expertise, course development
etc.
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• North American library system is loosely integrated: reliant on ad hoc resource-sharing partnerships with some cooperative governance exercised at group or consortium level
• Ongoing shift to digital formats, disintermediation of information provision are contributing to ‘dis-integration’ of traditional library organization
• Preserving, maximizing coherence of library system is key to ensuring continued vitality of library value proposition
Maximizing coherence