• GOVT ENGG COLLEGE AJMER• 2012-2013
Presented To :Respected AJAY DADHICH Sir
Presented By :MAHENDRA SINGH R.NO- 09EI22
A POWER POINT PRESENTATIONON
THE TRAINING DONEAT
TIPL(Toshniwal Industries Pvt.
Ltd.)
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TOSHNIWAL INDUSTRIES Pvt. Ltd.
company was set-up at Ajmer (Raj.)
since 1963, is manufacturing Industrial Measurement and Control Instruments
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TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Thermocouple(TCs)
Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)
Thermistors
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THERMOCUPLE
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Seebeck effect-
When 2 dissimilar metallic
wires are joined together to
form a closed circuit an emf is
produced when any one of
these junctions are heated.
PRINCIPLE OF T/C
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TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL THERMOCOUPLE ASSEMBLY
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Type Element TemperatureRange
J Fe/constantan 196 to 760
K NiCr/NiAl(chromel/alumel)
-190 to 1371
T Cu/Constantan -190 to 399
E Chromel/constantan -196 to 999
N Nicrosil/Nisil 0-1280
R Pt(13%Rh)/Pt -18 to 1704
S Pt(10%Rh)/Pt -18 to 1760
T/C WITH TEMP RANGES
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Advantages:
– Self Powered (does not
require a current or voltage
source)
– Rugged
– Inexpensive
– Simple
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Disadvantages:
• Extremely Low
– Voltage output (mV)
• Not very stable
• Needs a reference point
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RTD
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Resistance Temperature Detector- RTD
RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is a temperature
sensitive resistor.
It is a positive temperature coefficient device, which means that
the resistance increases with temperature.
The resistive property of the metal is called its resistivity.
The industry standard is the platinum wire RTD (Pt100) whose base resistance is exactly 100.00 ohms at 0.0 °C.
MAHENDRA SINGH
RTD, the basics
• Traditionally made up of
platinum, nickel, iron or
copper wound around an
insulator.
• Temperature range:
From about -200°C
to 650°C.
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Thin Film RTD
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
• Resistance element : Pt.100,100 ohms at 0 degree C.
• No. of elements : Single or Duplex.
• Insulating resistance : 10 Mohms at 500V DC
between terminal and outer sheet.
• Temperature range : -50 degree C to +500 degree C.
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RTD TYPES
• 2-WIRE• 3-WIRE• 4-WIRE
3 TYPES RTD
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RTD Wiring Arrangements
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Advantages:RTD
– Stable
– Very accurate
– Change in resistance is linear
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Disadvantages:
– Expensive
– Current source required
– Small change in resistance
– Self heating
– Less rugged than thermocouples.
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Thermistor, a word formed by combining thermal with resistor, is a temperature-sensitive resistor fabricated from semiconducting materials.
The resistance of thermistors decreases proportionally with increases in temperature.
Thermistors
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Thermistors, the basics
The thermistors can be in the shape
of a rod, bead or disc. Manufactured from oxides of nickel,
manganese, iron, cobalt, magnesium,
titanium and other metals. Temperature Range about
-50°C to 315°C Generally made up of
semiconductor materials
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Advantages:
– Very sensitive (has the largest output change from input temperature)
– Quick response–More accurate than RTD and
Thermocouples
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Disadvantages:
– Output is a non-linear function– Limited temperature range from -50°C to 315°C.– Require a current source– Self heating– Fragile(easily damaged)
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Graphical comparision of Thermocouple, RTD, Thermistor
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PYROMETER
A pyrometer is a non-contacting device that intercepts and measures thermal radiation
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OPTICAL PYROMETER
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RADIATION PYROMETER
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WORKING OF RADIATION PYROMETER
MAHENDRA SINGH
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FEATURES
• Wide temperature range 700 – 2000 º C or 700 – 3500 º C
• Fast response and sensitive measuring system• Light weight & portable• Two measuring ranges in each instrument• Operates on two 1.5V dry cells
for
Thanks
attention
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