THE PREPOSITIONS
At ten o'clock
A las diez
Jane goes across the street
Jane camina a través de la calle
He looked back and saw the cat
Miró hacía atrás y vio el gato
The boy is behind them
El niño está detrás de ellos
Mary is between Tom and Harry
María esta entre Tom y Harry
In the computer
En (Dentro) del ordenador
The tray is in front of Lucy
La bandeja está delante de Lucy
Look down!
¡Mira hacía abajo!
Carla is next to Claudia
Carla está al lado de Claudia
The ladybird is on the mushroom
La mariquita está encima del hongo Lydia is sitting opposite the baby
Lydia está sentada enfrente del bebe
The letters are flying over me
Las letrAs están volando sobre me
The balls are going round his head
Las bolas van alrededor de su cabeza
He looked through the newspaper
Él miró a través del periódico
The turtles are under the turtle
Las tortugas están debajo de la tortuga
Mary is up the slide
María está arriba en el tobogán
I like playing with you
Me gusta jugar contigo
I hate to study without you
Odio estudiar sin ti
-Las preposiciones son unas partículas muy importantes que se colocan normalmente delante de la palabra que rige.
with Carmen con Carmen
for the boy para el chico
-Las diferencias entre At, in ,on:
Lugar:
at=en(posición en un punto
determinado) at the school en el colegio
in=en(Dentro de algo) in the box en la caja
on=en(sobre encima de algo) on the box encima de la caja
Tiempo
at=a las(hora o momento de tiempo) at four o'clock a las cuatro
at=a la(un momento de día at noon/at midnight al medio día/a la media noche
at=en(Un fecha importante, una fiestas at Christmas en Navidad
in=en(mes del año o estación) in May en mayo
in(dentro de) in an hour dentro de una hora
on=en(días de la semana) on Tuesday el martes
in=por la(con las partes del día
in the morning por la mañana
in the afternoon por la tarde(12pm)
in the evening por la tarde(6pm)
at=por la (sólo con la noche) at night
Verás una forma peculiar de usar las preposiciones
To be at home en casa (la casa donde uno vive)
To be at in the house en la casa
To be at school en el colegio
go home ir a casa
go to school ir al colegio
go to bed ir a la cama
-Aquí tienes una lista de las preposiciones más comunes en inglés
about a cerca de beside al lado de from desde under debajo
above sobre besides además in dentro de over sobre
acros a través between entre inside dentro toward hacia
after después beyond más alla like como unlike no como
against contra but pero near cerca until hasta
around alrededor despite a pesar of de with con
as como/tanto during durante off fuera de without sin
at en except excepto on encima upon sobre
before antes for por than que up arriba
behind detrás out fuera through a través
below por debajo opposite lo opuesto/en
frente since desde hace
along a lo largo de by por next to al lado de
till hasta to a /hacia round alrededor
FUTURE – GOING TO —> PLANS
Syntax:
Subject + to be + going to + infinitive
USE:
We use the future with “GOING TO” to talk about plans
POSITIVE FORM
Subject Verb To be Going to Infinitive
I Am
Going to
Dance
He / She / It Is Study
We / You / They Are Go shopping
Examples:
- Maria’s going to travel this holiday.
- They’re going to go to a very expensive restaurant.
- I’m going to come home late.
NEGATIVE FORM
Subject Verb To be + not Going to Infinitive
I Am not
Going to
Clean
He / She / It Is not (isn’t) Cook
We / You / They Are not (aren’t) Travel
- I’m not going to go to the party.
- Juan isn’t going to work today.
- They aren’t going to stay at that hotel.
QUESTION FORM
Question Word Verb To Be Subject Going to Infinitive
What Am not I
Going to
Do
Where Is not (isn’t) He / She / It Go
—————– Are not (aren’t) We / You / They travel
Ejemplos:
- What are you going to do later?
- What is she going to cook?
- Are they going to attend the meeting?
- Where is Maria going to study?
Short answers are with the to be verb
- Yes, I am – Yes, you are – No, he isn’t – No, they aren’t ETC
Errores típicos
Recuerden de NO USAR el do/does (para preguntas) & el don‟t y doesn‟t (para
negativos). NO SE USAN porque usamos el verbo to be.
- INCORRECTO: I don’t going to study.
- CORRECTO: I„m not going to study.
- INCORRECTO: Where do you going to go?
- CORRECTO: Where are you going to go?
Recuerden de NO OLVIDAR de poner el verbo TO BE
- INCORRECTO: Juan going to buy beer.
- CORRECTO: Juan is going to buy beer.
The weather
cloudy
nublado
sunny
soleado
raining
lloviendo
cold
frio
hot
calor
foggy
con niebla
snowing warm windy
nevando calido viento
stormy
tormenta
tornedo
tornado
misty
neblina
What is the time?
En punto se dice: o'clock Y cuarto se dice: quarter past
Menos cuarto se dice:quarter to y media se dice half past
Un buen truco para decir la horaen ingles es este:
Empieza a traducir tu frase por el final y no pongas el artículo.Así siempre lo harás bien.
Las siete y veinte =Twenty past seven
Y cinco,y diez, y veinte, e y venticinco se dicen:
five past,ten past,twenty past,twenty-five past
Menos cinco,menos diez,menos veinte y menos veinty cinco
se dicen:
five to,ten to,twenty to,twenty-five to
Si los minutos no terminan en cinco o en cero hay que decir minutes
Las seis Y siete Seven minutes past six
Las siete menos seis Six minutes to seven
A las siete se dice así: At seven o'clock
A Las seis At six o'clock
A las seis y media At half past six
La hora es siempre singular en inglés
Para preguntar la hora se hace así:
¿Que hora es? What time is it?
¿Que hora es? What is the time?
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS TO LEARN
ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS
Excuse me...
Where is ...?
How do I get to ...?
What's the way to ...?
Can you tell me the way to... ?
GIVING DIRECTIONS
movement:
Go straight on (until you come to ...).
Turn left/right (into ...-street).
Take the 1st turning on the left/right
Take the first/second road on the left/right
Go along/down [a street]
Go on for 3 blocks and then...
Cross [a street]
Go straight on/ahead
Go past the traffic lights
You can't miss it.
location:
It's on the left/right.
It's opposite X
It's near X
It's next to X
It's between X and X
It's at the end of [a street]
It's on/at the corner of X
It's behind X
It's in front of X
It's (just) around the corner
careful!: it's right here/there = it's exactly here/there (different from: it's
here on the right)
EXAMPLE
- Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the station?
- Sure. Go straight ahead and take the second turning on the right.
Then go down the street until you see a church. Turn left at the church
and the station is on the right, next to the post office and opposite a big
bank. You can't miss it.
- Thanks a lot. Bye.