LEC1A
ANATOMYOFTHENERVOUSSYSTEM
Cogs17*UCSD
Consciousness–"TheHardProblem"
Mid-SaggittalSection
Tegmentum
&
Mid-brain
PlanerViewsoftheBrain
Coronal
PlanerViewsoftheBrain
Coronal
Horizontal
Saggital
Coronalplane
Lateral&Medial
Lateral
Medial
Dorsal&Ventral
InHumans,"Dorsal"=TOPofBrain&REARofSpinalCord
"Ventral"=BOTTOMofBrain&FRONTofSpinalCord
BilateralStructureNervousSystemduplicatedonright&left
Ipsi-lateral(sameside)andContra-lateral(oppositeside)Connections
Ipsi-lateralconnections
Contra-lateralconnections
SupportStructures:TheMeningesSurroundsCNSunderbone
P A D
SpacefilledwithCerebralSpinalFluid=shockabsorber
Ventricles
Produce,andfilledwith,CerebralSpinalFluid(CSF)
Hydrocephalus
IfCSFdoesnotdrainproperly,canbuildupinVentricles
BloodVesselsinBrain
Brain=2%ofbodyweight,uses20%ofbloodsupply!
Blood-BrainBarrierExercisingtightcontrolsoverwhatenters
brainfrombloodstream
Blood-BrainBarrierExercisingtightcontrolsoverwhatenters
brainfrombloodstream
CNS&PNS
CNSCentralNervousSystem
=Brain&SpinalCord
Surroundedbyboneandmeninges
PNSPeripheralNervousSystem
SOMATICSystem=Interactionw/externalenv.
AUTONOMICSystem=Regulatesinternalenv.
Mid-SaggitalSectionincluding....HINDBRAIN
Medullaoblongada Cerebellum
Brainstem
HINDBRAIN:Medulla
Medullaoblongada- Primalreflexes
HINDBRAIN:Pons
CranialNerves
MostCranialNervesalsoenter/exitMedulla&Pons
HINDBRAIN:Cerebellum
MotorProgramsw/realtimesensorycoordination
HINDBRAIN:Cerebellum
MNEMONIC:
Sarah the ballerinahas a hell of a cerebellum!
MIDBRAIN
SuperiorColliculus(VisualMotion)
InferiorColliculus(AuditoryMotion)
TECTUM
MIDBRAIN
MotorPathways&some
CranialNerves
TEGMENTUM
MIDBRAIN
MIDBRAINMNEMONIC:
Tectumtodetect’em,Tegmentum
formomentum
Diencephalon ofForebrain:THALAMUS
Projectsto/ReceivesfromSensory,Motor&Arousalsystems
Diencephalon ofForebrain:
Hypothalamus
Neuro-Endrocrine(Brain+Hormone)
System
Oversees4Fs+Temp+Clock
CommunicatestoPITUITARYGLAND(the"master"gland)
Telencephalon:AllotherForebrainStructures
LimbicSystem- Motivation
LimbicSystem- Motivation
LimbicSystem- MotivationCINGULATEGYRUS
+/- EvaluatorA"Re-Entrant"System
OLFACTORYBULB- Smell
AMYGDALA- Emotion
HIPPOCAMPUS- Memory
...andMORE!
BasalGanglion
OrganizingactivityintoTASKS
AnotherRE-ENTRANT
System
BasalGanglion
ParkinsonsDisease:Compromisedconnections
fromTegmentumtoBasalGanglia>>Motordeficits
BasalForebrain
ACh arousesCortex
GABA de-arousesCortex
ReceivesfromRaphe/ReticularArousalSysteminBrainstem