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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF DRAFT EIA
OfKASIA IRON AND DOLOMITE MINE
Area of the mine: 194.196 HaKasia Village, Barbil Tehsil, Champua Sub Division,
Keonjhar District, Orissa
FFFooorrr
ENHANCEMENT OF IRON ORE PRODUCTION
FROM 3.6 TO 7.5 MTPA (RoM)
&
PROPOSED 0.7 MTPA
IRON ORE BENEFICIATION PLANT
By
ESSEL MINING AND INDUSTRIES LTD.AN ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001
CERITIFIED COMPANY
(March 2008-May 2008)
Prepared By
< B.S. ENVI-TECH (P) LTD.,Hyderabad 500 057
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Essel Mining & Industries Ltd. (EMIL), a company of Aditya BirlaGroup is operating KASIA IRON AND DOLOMITE MINES (KIDM)
spreading over an area of 194.196 ha at Kasia Village, Barbil Tehsil,
Champua Sub Division, Keonjhar District, Orissa
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS
EMIL proposes to expand the production capacity of the mine at a
project cost of Rs 117.251 crores. The expansion proposal comprises
the following:
1. Enhancement of Iron ore production from 3.6 to 7.5 MTPA (RoM)
2. Installation of Beneficiation Plant alongwith Tailing Pond within the
leasehold having production (concentrated) quantity of 0.7 MTPA.
Over the years of mining operation, about 6.5 million tonnes of
low-grade/off-grade material ((below 60% Fe) has been generated
and stored at existing dump -yards. Beside this off-grade material,
about 1.63 million tonnes of sub-grade material will be generated
during the planning period. In the process of mining in future, there is
a regular generation of sub -grade ore which is likely to
continue.
Keeping in view the large amount of off-grade material presently
available and future expansion strategies of the mine, EMIL proposed
to set up an iron ore beneficiation plant to utilize the low-grade
material to produce sinter feed fines. The sub-grade material will be
admixed suitably in the feed, and progressively replace more of off-
grade material to attain a reasonably acceptable grade of product
economically.
The proposed beneficiation plant is planned to be designed for a rated
capacity of 0.7 MTPA. This would enable the plant to treat 1.1 million
tons of low grade ore per annum (MTPA) to produce about 0.7 MTPA of
sinter feed materials.
1.3 PROJECT REQUIREMENTS
Sources of water supply for its operations:
Bore wells within the mining lease areaWater from Karo River through pipeline.
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EMIL is presently using 118 m3/day for dust sprinkling at ore crusher
unit, Sprinkling at Mines (Water Tanker), Drinking water at mines and
Domestic use at colony. With the increase in production and
installation of beneficiation plant, the total water requirement
increases to 4000 m3/day.
EMIL has applied to IPICOL for surface water requirement of 4152.5
cum /day. IPICOL has approved 1.16 cusec i.e.2839.78 cum/day of
surface water against the above requirement in first phase.
The mine gets dedicated power supply from NESCO power Supply
Company through a 11 KV line. Power is mainly consumed by Screen
Plant, Lighting of Mine and Domestic purpose.
EMIL has employed about 437 persons for carrying out the mining.
Another 68 persons will be recruited under the expansion scheme.
Permanent pucca housing has been provided to the mine staff as staff
quarters and will be modified according to the requirement during the
expansion project.
1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY
As part of Environmental Impact Assessment study, baseline
environmental monitoring was carried out for Summer season of 2008
covering the months of March 08 - May 08.
Summary of baseline studies
The predominant wind directions during the season were from SSE to
WSW sector accounting to 72.58 % of the time with calm winds of less
than 1.0 kmph for 3.75 % of the time.
Ambient air quality assessed through a network of 8 ambient airquality locations was found to be well within the limits of NAAQ
standards prescribed for Residential, Rural & Other Areas.
Air Quality in the study area
S.No Pollutant Range of values NAAQS Standard
For Residential areas
Core zone
1 SPM 269 500
2 RSPM 118 150
3 SO2 13.9 120
4 NOx 16.4 120Buffer zone
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1 SPM 146-178 200
2 RSPM 52-77 100
3 SO2 13.2-15.4 80
4 NOx 14.9-18.2 80
(All the values are in g/m3)
Noise monitoring were selected in the core and buffer zones to assessthe noise levels
Noise levels recorded in the buffer zone were found to be in the rangeof 52.470.7 dB (A) during daytime and in the range of 41.8 52.4
dB (A) during nighttime.
One surface water and Six ground water samples were collected fromin and around the mine site within 10 km radius. The parameters
thus analysed were compared with IS 10500. Surface water sample
collected from Karo River showed compliance of all parameters with
the drinking water standard of IS 10500 except slightly higher
Coliform count and turbidity.
Seven samples were collected to asses the soil quality in the 10 kmstudy area of plant site and it revealed soil of medium fertile quality
A study was undertaken to list out Flora & Fauna in the study area.
The adjacent Reserve Forest and Protected Forest area are the habitatof some endangered and threatened species, which are listed in the
Schedule I and II of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as
amended in 1991. The survey recorded 9 species of Schedule I
animals of which 5 species belong to mammals, 3 species belong to
birds and 1 species to reptiles. Out of 16 species of Schedule II
animals recorded from this area, 10 species belong to mammals and 6
species belong to reptiles.
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
1.5.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The air borne particulate matter will be the main air pollutant
contributed by opencast mining.
The emissions from the mining operations and beneficiation plant are
quantified and cumulative ground level concentration for the
prevailing meteorological conditions were estimated using the
mathematical model.
Based on the process, the following are the areas identified in thebeneficiation plant which result in impact on air environment
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Predicted value superimposed on the existing baseline value gives the
overall scenario which would prevail during summer season once
mine in operation for the proposed production rate. The following
table shows the overall scenario:
OVERALL SCENARIO (SUMMER SEASON 08)
g/M3
CORE ZONE BUFFER ZONE
Baseline concentration 269 159
Predicted Concentration
(max)
200
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Silencers and mufflers are provided in the exhausts of all equipmentand drilling rigs.
Blasting is carried out only during day time and not on cloudy days.Also the noise generated due to blasting lasts only for a few seconds.
Controlled blasting is done regularly to reduce the Air over pressuredue to blasting.
The high temperature time in the afternoon is selected for blastingwhich will naturally reduce the noise pollution.
Limiting time exposure of workers to excessive noise. The workers employed are provided with protection equipment,
earmuffs and ear-plugs, as a protection from the high noise level
generated at the plant site wherever required.
Noise levels are also controlled by using optimum explosive charge,proper delay detonators and proper stemming to prevent blow out of
holes as well as usage of the sequential blasting in combination with
non electric initiation systems.
Speed of trucks entering or leaving the mine is limited to moderatespeed of 25 kmph to prevent undue noise from empty trucks.
Planting of trees is being taken up along the mining lease boundaryfor controlling noise apart from earmarking the limit of the mine pit
boundary.
1.5.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
SURFACE WATER BODIES & CONTROL MEASURES
The area falls within the watershed area of the Karo River, which flows
in the NW to SE direction and situated about 6.8 km at NW of the
lease. Two Nalas flows near Tonto village originating from springs of
the hills of the Siddhamath Reserve forest and a dry seasonal nala
passes through the lease area and join the major nala before it meets
the Karo River.
The mine is well above the ground water table and in none of the
quarries water table has been intercepted. In the surrounding plains,
the depth of water table varies from 15 to 30 meter.
For pollution control measure a check dam has been made at the
western side of the North pit to protect the onrush material. A long
boulder wall of 75-meter length with a base thickness of 3-meter and
1-meter height has been constructed up to 2008-09. During the year
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2009 a proposal has been made by the management to construct the
check dam having length 232 meters
To understand the direct impact of mine runoff into the adjacent Nala
during monsoon water sample is being collected from the nala flows
adjacent to the mine lease area at the down stream.
In addition, EMIL proposes to take-up the following measures in
future course of mining to prevent the adverse impacts on Karo river.
Dumps have been terraced. EMIL proposes to provide garlanddrain all around the terraces following the down slope to ultimately
join the main garland drain to avoid gulleys & furrow formation.
EMIL will construct gully plugs all along the flow path of seasonalstream in the mine area joining Karo Nala.
All the static dumps in the working pit area have been stabilizedand reclaimed.
In order to control erosion from the dump yards and stack yardslocated on the surface, EMIL propose to provide garland drains
with silt traps al around the dump yards . Boulder fencing will be
provided around the dump
GROUND WATER TABLE& CONTROL MEASURES
The ultimate depth of mining that the water table is occurring at adepth of 432 m RL where as the mining is getting terminated at 383 m
RL which indicates that pit will encounter with water table. Keeping in
view of the interception of the ground water ground from 424 m RL
onwards, a detailed hydrogeological study has been carriedout. EMIL
will obtain permissions from CGWA, New Delhi for mining below the
water table level of 432 m.
WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTEWATER GENERATION
EMIL is presently using about 118 m3/day of water for miningoperations including domestic use. The additional water requirement
due to increase of iron ore production and proposed beneficiation
plant is about 3882 m3/day. Thus the total water consumption in the
mine after expansion will be about 4000 m3/day.
WASTEWATER GENERATION
The wastewater generation from the above consumption is mainly
from the following two areas:
Workshop wastewater - 5 m3/day
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Domestic wastewater - 82.4 m3/day
WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT AT MINES SITE
Open cast mining of the iron ore will not generate any waste water.However, small quantities of domestic waste water and workshop
wastewater will be released from the mines site and the following
management plan is envisaged.
A total of 5 m3/day of wastewater is envisaged from workshop. This wastewater contains about 20 ppm of oil and grease is being
subjected to oil removal and the treated wastewater will be used for
green belt development. The existing wastewater treatment
capacities are adequate to handle the additional wastewater.
Sewage generated i.e 82.4 m3/day from the colony is treated in theseptic tanks provided at respective residential buildings
1.5.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT
IMPACT ON LAND USE AND RECLAMATION MEASURES
Open cast mining activities may alter the landscape of the lease area
and also some disturbance to the surface features of the surrounding
areas.
EMILs Kasia iron and dolomite mines are located in an area of
194.196 ha. EMIL has explored only 41 % of the mining lease area.
The mine will be fully explored after obtaining necessary permissions.
The iron ore deposition confines to hill ridges and plateaus. Balance
area is being utilized for dumping, statutory buildings, greenbelt etc.
After winning the ore during the course of mining in different quarries,
part of the worked out area will be back filled and reclaimed &
afforested.
RECLAMATION PLAN AND POST MINING LANDUSE
Reclamation will be taken up in the broken up mineralized exhausted
area as per reclamation schedule. This area will be back filled by
waste material in a phased manner. Floor area will be fulfilled
partially. Sweet soil to be spread throughout waste filled area along
with fertilizer. The mentioned process should be completed before
start of monsoon. Pit digging should be started at shallow depth.
Choice of sapling should be such that canopies area should be more.
Species wise plantation should be done canap area so that it shouldgive a soothing picture. Seedling of teak, Karanj, Chakunda, for good
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flavor, fruit bearing trees like strawberry, Mango, Guava can be
planted. Similarly Asan & Neem as medical & local Species Like
Piasal, Mahul can be planted. It should be faced & maintenance to be
done.
The ore body is persisting to a depth of 90 m from the present surfacelevel. After winning the ore during the course of mining in different
quarries, part of the worked out area will be back filled and reclaimed
& afforested. The following table shows the post mining land use
pattern of the mine area
POST MINING LANDUSE PATTERN OF THE MINE AREA
S.No. Land-use Category Area (Ha)
1 External waste dumps (total dump area will be covered
by plantation
11.216
2 Excavation area Backfilling area with plantation 52.81(+4.895ha of tailingpond area)
Water reservoir area 44.183
3 Mines Road to be used for avenue plantation 6.891
4 Built up area (Beneficiation Plant, Township & Magazine) 12.539
5 Tailing Pond Excavation 9.913
6 Storing of Minerals (Plantation on vacant area at the endof life of mine)
13.932
7 Area under Safety Zone including reclaimed &Afforestation.
37.720
8 Undisturbed tenant area 3.410
9 Area for Public Use 1.582
Total
IMPACT ON FOREST & CONSERVATION PLAN
South west part of the leasehold occupied by Siddhamath reserve
forest.
The project sites for iron ore mine covers an area of about 194 ha with
uneven terrain. Under the mine lease area undisturbed forestland is173.039 ha. (103.148 ha RF and 69.891 ha. VF) and non-forestland is
21.157 ha.
The compensatory afforestation plan would be implemented by the
Forest Department and the Essel mining management will review the
progress of implementation of the envisaged tree planting activities at
the site demarcated for the purpose.
Of the total forest land of 173.039 ha, 145.130 ha will be utilized for
mining and allied activities.
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The following reserve forests are located within 10km radius of the
study area
Forest DistanceSidhamath Reserve Forest Part of the Reserve Forest is within Mining
Lease area.
Thakurani Reserve Forest 2.0 km from Eastern Boundary of the ML Area
Baitarani Reserve Forest 5.5 Km from the southEast corner of the ML
area
Karo Reserve Forest 5.0 km North boundary of ML area
Uliburu Reserve Forest 7.0 km from the North Boundary of ML area
Karampada Reserve Forest 10.0 km from western Boundary of ML Area.
FOREST CONSERVATION PLAN
The total cost of the plan is estimated to be Rs.170.00 Lakhs out of
which Rs.91.00 Lakhs shall be placed with DFO, Keonjhar for taking
up activities within the ZoI and the rest Rs.79.00 Lakhs shall be
utilized by M/s.ESSELMining & Industries the lease area.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
TOP SOIL MANAGEMENT
Insignificant quantity of topsoil and sub soil occurred in lateritic zone
will be generated during the plan period. The topsoil and sub soil will
be recovered and stacked in a predetermined place and used for land
reclamation as well as plantation.
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Conceptual generation (for the life of the mine) of waste including
overburden and inter-burden in the mine is around 35.06 million
tonnes. Part of the waste will be disposed to dumps and balance will
be backfilled.
Waste rock will be loaded into trucks for transportation to the waste
dumps earmarked over an area 16.291 (both existing and proposed
area) hectares.
At the end of each shift the spillage left over on the dump is cleared by
a front-end loader.
OB generated will be dumped in the demarcated area located insidethe leasehold. Both retaining wall and garland drain will be
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constructed around the dumping yard to check wash off and gully
erosion. A series of settling pond will be provided adjacent to garland
drain from where clean water will be discharged outside the lease. The
dump height will be maintained at 10 meters with terraces and
ultimate dump slope angle will be maintained at 28o. Stage wisedumping will be carried out. Terraces and berms will be maintained.
Spreading of topsoil with compost on the terraces after completion.
Afterward plantation will be carried out on the terraces and berms of
the dump. Dump stabilization and solid waste wash off protection has
been initiated on the part of the active dump. This part of north block
and south block has been covered with geo textile (nearly 1.88
hectares). Check dam and garland drains with settling pond have been
constructed around the dumping area to prevent direct flow of runoff.
BENEFICATIONTAILING GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
About 0.462 MTPA of slurry will be discharged to tailing pond. Out of
0.462 MTPA, about 0.231 MTPA of tailings will be retained in the
tailing pond. Capacity of the tailing ponds (total) is about 2.0 million
tonnes. Therefore the life of tailing pond will be more than 8-9 years
Tailing pond will be constructedwithin leasehold covering an area of
9.913 hectare (exhausted dolomite pit). The process includes wet
method of beneficiation tailings leave the treatment plant as slurry
(tailing mixed with water).
Before the tailings are hydraulically transported to tailing pond for
impoundment, the water is recovered for recycling by a dewatering
process utilizing thickener. The tailing feed to the thickener is very
fine. Coagulant and coagulant aids are used to get clarified water of a
relatively better quality for circulation.
The tailings from the thickener underflow will be pumped to tailings
dam through pipeline. The approximate distance between thebeneficiation plant and the tailings dam is about 0.9 KM.
1.7 SOCIAL WELFARE MEASURES
BUDGET FOR SOCIAL WELFARE MEASURES
EMIL has spent about Rs 85 lakhs for implementing the various
social welfare measures during the year 2008-09. EMIL has proposed
to spent Rs 114.43 Lakhs for the year 2009-10 for implementing the
various measures like Electrification of Kasia Village, Drinking water
project for Tanto at Jhargoan,Bhusgoan, Kasia village, Ten seated sulabhtoilet & bath complex at Tanto, Barbil Municipality , School Boundary Wall
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at Jhargaon village, Social Devt Projects (Health,Education Sustainable
livelihood, social cause at Kasia Ka, Kasia Kha ,Tanto, Bhusgaon, Jhargaon
villages , Village road side drain at Kasia Ka village, Deepening of Pond at
Kasia Ka, Double Storied school building at Bhusgaon and School Bus
Service at Kasia Ka & Kha villages.
1.8 POST PROJECT MONITORING
EMIL will incur a amount of Rs. 184 Lakhs for implementing the
environmental management plan for the expansion of the mine.