1 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
James QuinnEnergy Efficiency & Renewable
EnergyU.S. Department of Energy
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy in the Global Context
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil August 9, 2011
U.S. Brazil Industrial Energy Efficiency Workshop
3 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Global Consumption: Fuel Breakout
Fossil Fuels82.0%
Nuclear Electric Power5.8%
Hydro Power2.2%
Renewables (solar, geo-
thermal, wind,
biomass)10.0%
Note: Chart presents total primary energy supply. Source: International Energy Agency, 2010 Key World Energy Statistics.
Total World Energy Consumption, 2008
The world relies on fossil energy.
4 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Industry 28%
Transportation27% Residential
24%
Com-mercial
and Pub-lic Ser-vices8%
Non-Energy Use9%Other
4%
Global Consumption: Sector Breakout
Note: Chart presents total final energy consumption. Other sectors include agriculture/forestry, fishing, and non-specified.Source: International Energy Agency, 2008 Energy Balance for the World, accessed 14 July 2011.
Total World Energy Consumption, 2008= 334.5 quads (12.0 BTCE)
World energy is used predominantly for transport, industry, and buildings.
5 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Mill
ion
tons
of o
il eq
uiva
lent
(M
toe)
Global Consumption: Projected Growth
Note: Chart presents total primary energy supply. *Includes international aviation and international marine bunkers. **Other includes combustible renewables & waste, geothermal, solar, wind, tide, etc. *** Based on a plausible post-2012 climate-policy framework to stabilise the concentration of global greenhouse gases at 450 ppm CO2-equivalent.Source: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics 2010.
RS: Reference Scenario (based on current policies)
450 PS: 450 Policy Scenario***(based on policies under consideration)
To meet growing energy demand, global energy supply is projected to rise 40% from 2007 to 2030.
6 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Global Energy Challenges
Energy efficiency and renewable energy provide solutions to global energy challenges.
Clean Energy
Solutions
Overarching Challenges:• Carbon reduction• Market delivery of clean
energy technologies• Research and
development needs• Economic growth• Workforce development
Security
Environment
Economy
7 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
2010 2015 2020 2025 203026
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
Reference Scen-ario
450 Scenario
End-useefficiency
Power plants
RenewablesBiofuelsNuclear
CCS1.4
1.40.4
2.7
0.7
7.1End-use potential
End-use efficiency is key to abatement of GHG emissions from energy consumption.
Source: OECD/IEA 2009, World Energy Outlook 2009.
Notes: Gt refers to gigatons of carbon dioxide. “End-use efficiency” includes Buildings, Appliances, Lighting, Transportation, and Industry.
World abatement of energy-related CO2 emissions in the 450 Scenario, 2007-2030
Gt C
O2
Global Energy Solutions: Energy Efficiency
8 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Economic, climate, and energy security challenges require transformational change.
Incremental change will not be enough.
Transforming the energy landscape necessitates strong policy.
Realizing Potential: Transformational Change
9 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Solution: Building a Clean Energy Economy
Building the clean energy economy requires a planned, systematic approach:
• Drive high-impact innovation• Move innovation to the marketplace
rapidly and at scale• Attract the best and brightest people• Communicate plans and achievements to
engage the public
10 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Renewable Energy• Solar• Wind• Biomass/Biofuels• Water Power• Geothermal
Energy Efficiency• Building Technologies• Weatherization• Vehicle Technologies• Industrial Technologies• Fuel Cells• Federal Energy Management
Opportunities: Innovation Focus Areas
11 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Renewable Energy Opportunities
Converting Biomass
Harnessing the Wind
Capturing Sunlight
Water Power
12 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Biomass Opportunities
Converting Biomass for Transportation:• In 2010, the U.S. produced 13 billion gallons of
ethanol–meeting 7% of light duty fuel needs.• Since 2006, the U.S. has led the world in ethanol
production. • ~10 million flexible-fuel vehicles are on U.S. roads.
13 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Trough Tower Dish
Solar Energy Opportunities
Capturing Sunlight:• U.S. goals are to enable solar
energy to be cost-competitive by2015 and to accelerate widespread market penetration through:
– Photovoltaics (PV) – Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) – Systems (Grid) Integration – Market Transformation
14 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Wind Opportunities
Harnessing the Wind:• The United States has 41,281 MW of
installed wind capacity (as of 2011 Q1), the second most of any country in the world.
• More than 5,000 MW of wind generating capacity was added in the United States in 2010—25% of all new electric capacity.
• The United States has the potential for wind energy to supply 20% of the nation’s electricity by 2030.
• The immense offshore U.S. wind resource (>4,000,000 MW) remains an untapped market.
15 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Hydropower Opportunities
Water Power:• Largest current source of clean,
domestic, renewable energy in U.S.• 257 million megawatt-hours (MWh)
of electricity was generated from conventional hydropower in 2010—7% of all U.S. electricity production
• Currently in early-stage development of marine and hydrokinetic energy industries
16 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Geothermal Opportunities
Geothermal Energy:• The United States is the world leader
in online capacity of geothermal energy and electric power generation.
• Installed capacity is 3,100 Mwe.
• Total of 123 new projects are underway in 15 states, totaling an additional 3,500 Mwe.
• Potential of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) is >100 GW by 2050.
17 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Building Efficiency Opportunities
• Building energy codes and appliance standards
• Cost-effective, energy-efficientbuilding technologies and practices
– Building envelopes– Equipment– Lighting, daylighting, windows– Cool roofs– Advanced sensors and controls – Combined heating, cooling, and
power– Whole building design
Building technologies available today can lower energy use and reduce pollution—at a low or negative net cost.
18 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Industrial Efficiency Opportunities
Energy efficiency can yield cost, productivity, energy supply resiliency, and competitiveness benefits to industry.
Develop Next-Generation Manufacturing Processes & Materials
• Manufacturing processes that limit energy intensity
• Materials technologies that lower life-cycle energy consumption and provide low-cost, high performance
Foster the Energy Management IndustryIdentify, deploy, certify, and reward effective energy management
• Develop tools and protocols to enable industry to measure and manage energy usage
• Promote education and hands-on training for a new generation of energy management engineers
19 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Vehicle Efficiency Opportunities
• Research and development– Electric vehicles and
components – Nonconventional fuels and
lubricants– Advanced engine technologies– Lightweight, high-performance
materials• Partnerships with state and local
organizations– Deployment and education
Energy efficiency can improve fuel efficiency, reduce GHG emissions, and reduce national dependence on imported oil.
20 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
Global Energy Management System Standard
ISO 50001: New energy management standard for buildings and industry
Potential Impacts:• Could influence up to 60% of the world’s
energy use across many economic sectors
Companies will implement the standard in response to:• Corporate sustainability programs• Energy cost reduction initiatives• Demand created along the manufacturing
supply chain• Carbon and energy legislation and
international climate agreements
21 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
In July 2010, at the Clean Energy Ministerial, the U.S. launched a Global Energy Efficiency Challenge with initiatives in appliances, buildings,
industry, vehicles, and the Smart Grid.
Australia Belgium EU Brazil Canada China Denmark
France Germany India Indonesia Italy Japan Korea Mexico
Norway Russia South Africa SpainUnited Arab
EmiratesUnited StatesUnited Kingdom
Global Superior Energy Performance
22 | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov
“…Now is the time to change the way that we use energy. Together, we must confront climate change by ending the world’s dependence on fossil fuels, by tapping the power of new sources of energy like the wind and sun, and calling upon all nations to do their part. And I pledge to you that in this global effort, the United States is now ready to lead.”
- President Obama, April 5, 2009
Prague, Czech Republic
A Clean Energy Future