Bio fertilizers for sustainable soil health and

crop productivity

Presented to : Dr. Saadia Andaleeb

Presented by : Miriam Kathleen Gomez

Rabia Shakeel

Bio fertilizers for sustainable

soil health

Miriam Kathleen Gomez

Biofertilizer

 refer to all such microorganism which add, fix, mobilize or solubilize the nutrient in simpler form which is easily use by plants.

aka Microbial/Bacterial or Fungal inoculants.             

Working : Microbial innoculants/biofertilizer on their application multiplies in rhizosphere soil and benefits the growing crops.

General methodology for obtaining and using

biofertilizer.Isolation and characterization of strain

Production of certified organism

Production of commercial innoculant

Innoculation

Single innoculation

Combined innoculation

Field application

What is Soil Health?

the ability of the soil to achieve its full potential and be productive under the intended land use.

The three characteristics of soil health are:

Physical soil health

Chemical soil health

Biological soil health

Why is it important?

‘fit for purpose’.

allows for abundant, healthy root growth and good crop establishment.

Crops grown on healthy soils have less disease

Why use biofertilizers???

Repeated use of chemical fertilizers destroys soil biota.

In nature, there are a number of useful soil microorganisms that can help plants to absorb nutrients.

utility can be enhanced with human intervention by selecting efficient organisms, culturing them and adding them to soils directly or through seeds

Biofertilizer and Soil health enrich air aeration, water and nutrients retention

capacity and reduce acidity.

minimize leaching due to rainfall

microbial culture fix atmospheric nitrogen

solublize unavailable Phosphate and sulphur

contain a wide range of naturally chelated plant nutrients and trace elements, carbohydrates, amino acids and other growth promoting substances

Stimulate microbial activity in the soil which results in improved air-water relationships in soil, improved fertility and makes soil less prone to compaction and erosion

hardpans problems in soil due to excessive application of agrochemicals is overcome

Bio fertilizers for increased

crop productivity

Rabia Shakeel

Biofertilizers and increased crop productivity.

Agricultural land gets impoverished after long term cultivation, if not supplemented properly with inputs.

To supplement the soil nutrient content under conventional farming system, we need to apply high doses of agrochemicals, which in turn pollute the ecosystem.

Sustainable agriculture aims at long term maintenance of natural resources and agricultural productivity with minimal adverse impact on the environment.

Biofertilizers

Application of biofertilizers provides the implementation of biological mechanisms of plant nutrition, growth promotion and protection.

These are important arguments for the use of biofertilizers as prospective elements for nutrient management in organic agriculture.

Low cost and safety for the environment make fertilizers advantageous as an alternative to mineral fertilizers.

Types of biofertilizers

Biofertilizers can be of the following types:

·Organic fertilizers

·Micorrhizae

· Phosphate solubilizing bacteria

· Algae biofertilizers

· Asymbiotic free nitrogen fixers

· Symbiotic Nitrogen fixers

Rhizobium-most common biofertilizer.

rhizobia

N2

Symbiotic association with

legumes and non legumes

stimulatory root exudates

and form nodules

Neither the plant nor the bacteriacan fix nitrogen

when live separately

The nodules filled with pink sapare called the effective nodules.

maintain the rhythm of oxygen supply to the bacteria and helps

the activity ofnitrogenase enzyme.

The nitrogenase is responsible for reduction of nitrogen to

ammonia in the process of nitrogen fixation.

The amount of atmospheric nitrogen fixed varies with the strains of rhizobium,

plant species and environmental factors.

Advantages of using biofertilizers

Biofertilizers enhance the nutrient availability to crop thereby enhancing crop yields in a moderate way.

It is a natural method without any problems like salinity and alkalinity, soil erosion etc..

Symbiotically relate to the roots of plants, helping the plant to grow and nurture in a natural way.

No hazardous effluents are generated from a biofertilizer unit.

Biological wastes are suitably used to bring out what we know as biofertilizers.While chemical fertilizers are used to increase crop

productivity, long-term usage could lead to weakening the roots of plants and making them easy prey to unwanted

diseases. Biofertilizers, on the other hand, help the soil to remain fertile and strong.