Part Two:Reading, Writing, and Organizing Paragraphs
Chapter 7:Organization: Basic Patterns
PowerPoint by Sarah Gilliam, Instructor of English
Mountain Empire Community College
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
In Concert:An Integrated Reading and Writing Approach
by Kathleen T. McWhorter
Chapter 7: Organization: Basic Patterns
In this chapter, you will learn how to:
Goal 1
Goal 2
Goal 3
Goal 5
Goal 4
Identify patterns of organization
Read and write using time sequence
Read and write using description
Read and write using example
Think critically about patterns of organization
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Patterns of organization are ways to organize a paragraph or essay.
Common Patterns of Organization:
1. Chronological order
2. Process
3. Narration
4. Description
5. ExampleCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization
Time sequence is when events are presented in order of their occurrences.
Patterns of Organization that Utilize Time Sequence:
• Chronological Order
• Process
• Narration
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence
Descriptive writing means using words and phrases that appeal to the senses: sight, touch, taste, sound, and smell.
Features of Descriptive Writing:
1. Overall Impression
2. Sensory Details
3. Descriptive LanguageCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description
Strategies for Using Description:
1. Use verbs that describe action
2. Use exact names
3. Use adjectives to describe
4. Use words that appeal to the senses
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description
An example is a specific instance or situation that explains a general idea or statement.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example
General Idea Statements
Our beach vacation was terrible. • It rained almost every day.• I ruined my phone in the hotel
pool.• My husband got food
poisoning at a seafood restaurant.
Strategies for Choosing Good Examples:
1. Choose clear examples
2. Use a sufficient number of examples
3. Use familiar examples the reader will understand
4. Vary your examples
5. Choose typical examples
6. Use vivid, specific examples
7. Make a clear connection between your main point and the example
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example
Why choose a particular pattern of organization?
1. Time Sequence
2. Process
3. Description
4. Example
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: Think Critically About Patterns of Organization
Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization
Review Questions
Which of the following is NOT a pattern of organization?
A. Process
B. Listing events in random order
C. Narration
D. Description
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization
Review Questions
Which of the following is NOT a pattern of organization?
A. Process
B. Listing events in random order
C. Narration
D. Description
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence
Review Questions
Which pattern of organization does NOT utilize time sequence?
A. Description
B. Narration
C. Process
D. Chronological Order
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence
Review Questions
Which pattern of organization does NOT utilize time sequence?
A. Description
B. Narration
C. Process
D. Chronological Order
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description Review Questions
True or False: Descriptive writing appeals to personal emotions.
True or False: Descriptive writing appeals to the five senses.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description Review Questions
True or False: False: Descriptive writing appeals to personal emotions.
True or False: True: Descriptive writing appeals to the five senses.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example Review Questions
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for using example?
A. Clearly connecting the main idea and the example
B. Using extreme examples
C. Using a sufficient number of examples
D. Varying the types of examples
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example Review Questions
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for using example?
A. Clearly connecting the main idea and the example
B. Using extreme examples
C. Using a sufficient number of examples
D. Varying the types of examples
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: Think Critically About Patterns of Organization
Review Questions
True or False:Examining the author’s examples to see if he or she shows bias is critical thinking.
True or False:The author can use time sequence to choose which events to include or omit, shaping the reader’s impression.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: ThinkCritically About Patterns of Organization
Review Questions
True or False:True: Examining the author’s examples to see if he or she shows bias is critical thinking.
True or False:True: The author can use time sequence to choose which events to include or omit, shaping the reader’s impression.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.