Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Introduction to Management Information
Systems
Jason Chen, Ph.D.Professor of MIS
School of BusinessGonzaga UniversitySpokane, WA 99258
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Weekly Class Assignments
i Readings and prepare for class discussionv ChaptervHarvard Business CasesvDiscussion Board questionsvMini-case (individual and from end of chapter)
i PresentationsvHarvard Business Cases (Group)v ITS (IT- Seminar)
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Why Information Systems?(Why take IS?)
i … In the tumultuous last years of the 20th century, when change was the only certainty and, one after another, fierce new competitors rose up from every corner of the globe to vie for dominance of the world marketplace, enterprise organizations came to understand that their only hope for survival lay with Information Technology.
i And they called out to their IT managers to instruct them in the ways of IT and to fashion IT into a brave, finely-honed competitive advantage with which to vanquish their enemies ...
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Why Information Systems?i “IT is a business force now. It amounts to
one-half of US firm annual capital expenditures and increasingly affects firm organize, do business, and compete. Business managers who choose not to reckon with it do so at their and their firm’s peril.
by Peter G.W. Keen
i “Chaotics” by Philip Kolter and John Caslione (AMACOM 2009)
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IS vs. IT
IS = IT?
Why?
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Is Computer Age Over ?
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The Information Age vs. the Computer Age
The Computer Age Time-sharing Computer 1960’s
End of the computer age
Beginning of the information age
Interactive Computing
Mini/Micro provide user with computer power (as of Mainframe) but with little cost
Advances in telecommunications(link terminals/PC mainframe)
Software advances in application packages (e.g. , DBMS, spreadsheet
PC as DSS tool to access information stored in the center computer files to support management decision-making process.
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Computer Age vs. Information Age i Computer age refers to the love affair with
hardware (and its speed of processing data)i Information age refers to the trend toward
treating information as a corporate resource that supplies executives with timely, accurate information for more effective decision making.
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MIS
i Managementi Informationi Systems
Which component is mostly important?
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Computers Impact
The good news:Computers allow us to work 100% faster.
The bad news:They generate 300% more work.
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What is Information ?
DATA
Information is refined data.
INFORMATION
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Data vs. Information
i Users really want isv Information
i What users can learn from the datavhow to satisfy their best customersvhow to allocate their resources most efficiently,vhow to minimize losses
SYSTEM
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
FEEDBACK
Dr. Chen, Information Age TM -13
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System Concepts
ManufacturingProcess
Input ofRaw Materials
Output ofFinished Products
Environment
Other Systems
Control byManagement
ControlSignals
ControlSignals
FeedbackSignals
FeedbackSignals
System Boundary
FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM (General Systems Model)
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
FEEDBACK
INFORMATION SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT
Customers Suppliers
Regulatory Stockholders CompetitorsAgencies
ORGANIZATION
Dr. Chen, Information Age TM -15
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Information and our Life
i Information (and energy) are at the core of everything around us.
i Our entire existence is a process of gathering, analyzing, understanding, and acting on the information.
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Information and Business
i Every business is a service businessv information confers competitive advantage
i Mass customizationv needs more information for custom-fit
i Information as productv information broker, e.g., clothing database,
purchasing habits etc.
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100 Years ago...
Today...
Industrial Revolution changed the World
i Information Revolution!
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100 Years ago...
Today...
Industrial Revolution changed the World
i Information Revolution!
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Industry Evolution
(mid 1770s)
Steam Engine Rail Road(1829,
change concept of distance)
Information Evolution
(late 1990s)
Computer
Impact on:Economy, Politics,
Social change
Internet(1990,
??? Distance)N
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INFORMATION and PROCESS
Information is frequently said to be the glue that holds an organization together.
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More Information ?i More information is
not profitable unless it is relevant information.
i Executives will need better information in the future if their companies are to be competitive.
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Information …
BAD information is WORSE than ...NO information.
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Attributes of Information Quality
We realize that a firm needs better information to survive and prosper. Therefore, high quality information
products have to be provided to management.
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ContentDimension
Form
Dimension
Time
Dimension
Attributes of Information QualityTimelinessCurrencyFrequencyTime Period
ClarityDetailOrderPresentationMedia
AccuracyRelevanceCompletenessConcisenessScopeperformance
INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS/IS)
ORGANIZATIONS TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Dr. Chen, The Challenge of the Information Systems Technology TM -26
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What is Information Systems?i Information Systems (IS) are more than just
computer hardware and software.i It is not just developing business
applications programsi Information Systems include:
v Information Technologyv Managementv Organization
i Ultimately, IS are used as strategic tool to improve an organization’s competitive advantage.
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What is Technology?
If it's green, it's biology,
if it stinks, its chemistry,
if it has numbers its math,
if it doesn't work, it’s technology
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How you can apply MIS ...
i To improve the information content of the data,
i to present the valuable information in a user-friendly, intuitive, and easy to understand way, and
i to empower knowledge workers of today and tomorrow.
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Objectives of the MISDeliver the right informationto the right people,at the right time,with the right form.
Ultimately, MIS should improve the workers’ productivity.
who has what information about whom and when, where, and how will all be decided in the process of building an information system.
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What is the class about ? Therefore, this class is
about the need, the value, and the means of acquiring, creating,
managing, and using the information in the information age.
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The Twenty-first Century will ...
i The twenty-first century will witness only two kinds of companies:v those that exploit Information
Technology (IT)v those that are out of business
Source: Quality Information and Knowledge, Huang et. al., Prentice Hall
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What is Web 2.0?i "Web 2.0" refers to the second generation of web
development and web design. v It is characterized as facilitating communication,
information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design and collaboration on the World Wide Web. It has led to the development and evolution of web-based communities, hosted services, and web applications.
v Examples include social-networking sites, video-sharing sites, wikis, blogs, mashups and folksonomies.
v Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as a platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0
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Roles of Information Systems
Automates
Innovates/TransformsInformates
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CONCLUSION
Information System (IS) should be an organizational and management solution, based on information
technology (IT), to a challenge posed by the environment.