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Session 1Session Name: Introduction to Engineering
MechanicsAuthor Name: Shivayogi. PatilDepartment: Civil Engineering
Subject/Course: Engineering Mechanics
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Session Objectives
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to:
Clearly understand the meaning of Engineering Mechanics and
appreciate its applications.
Get an over view of different branches of Engineering Mechanics.
Clearly understand the meaning of several tec hnical terms in Engineering
Mechanics.
Learn the contributions of different scientists for Engineering Mechanics.Identify basic Idealizations made in Engineering Mechanics.
Learn to specify a force completely.
Teaching Learning Material
Board
OHP
Foot ball
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Session Plan
Time(in min)
ContentLearning Aid
and
Methodology
FacultyApproach
Typical StudentActivity
Learning Outcomes(Blooms + Gardeners)
10
Introduction toEngineering mechanics,Its meaning and itsapplications.
Slide ShowInnovativeintro
ExplainsListensParticipates
Remembering VerbalKinestheticIntrapersonalInterpersonal
05
An overview of branchesof EngineeringMechanics
Slide showusing OHP
Explains ListensComprehensionIntrapersonalVisual
10
Definitions of Force,Mass , Weight, Inertia
Gravity and there units .
Role Play /Board
Introduces
RememberingSpatial intelligenceIntrapersonalInterpersonal
05
Categories inEngineering Mechanicsbased on thecontribution by variousscientists.
OHP / Board Explains ListensComprehensionInterpersonalIntrapersonal
15
Discussion on BasicIdealizations made inEngineering mechanics
OHP / Board Explains Listens
ApplicationComprehensionInterpersonalIntrapersonal
10 Conclusion Recall Summarize Lists IntrapersonalComprehension
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Session Inputs
Introduction to Engineering Mechanics
It would be a good idea to start the session with an activity that
would help us introduce the topic to the learners.
Suggested Activity: Practical Demonstration
Activity 1. Dribbling of a food ball to show how force applied on a body willset it into motion :
Learners can be asked to dribble a foot ball on ground. The bouncing of
ball will make it easier to explain the concept of force and the motion it
produces when applied on a body, which can be explained as below.
Force: Force is an agency which produces or tends to produce or stops ortends to stop the motion of a body on which its applied. Force is exerted
when one body comes into contact with other body. The two bodies in
contact exert force on each other. When such a force is big enough to
over come the inertia of the one of the body, that body will be set into
motion.
Here the foot ball is one body and our hands and ground are other bodies.
Activity 2: Kicking/pushing and stopping a foot ball.
A learner can be made to kick or push a ball slowly and another learner
can be suggested to stop the ball using his leg. This will explain the property
of a force which can both produce or stop the motion of a body.
Conclusion: Engineering mechanics is the study of such bodies which are
set into motion by the application of external forces.
Engineering Mechanics is that branch of science which deals with
forces and the motion of bodies under the application of these
forces. When a force is applied on a body, it is set into motion if it
is suffic ient to overcome the inertia of the body. If the body is
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already in motion then the applied force may accelerate the
motion if its direction is same as the motion of the body, or it may
tend to destroy the motion of moving body if its direction is
opposite to that of motion.
Mechanics is the study of forces, application of forces on bodies
and the resulting motion of the body
A Force may be a PUSH or a PULL.
In a bicycle force (Push) applied on pedals will be transferred to
its wheels through a chain and is set into motion.
In an automobile a force is exerted on its wheels by the
conversion of one form of energy into another form of energy .
Hence all the machines invented so far works on the principles ofMechanics. A force is exerted when two bodies meet or interact
which results into the motion of either any one or both the bodies
PULL
PUSH
PUSH
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Mechanics is the study of forces and the motion of body due to
application of these forces. A force may be a Push or a Pull.
Branches of Engineering Mechanics
Having introduced basic concept of Engineering Mechanics, nowit would be time to discuss the branches of Engineering
Mechanics.
Dynamic
Mechanics of
Deformable
Mechanics of
Ri id Bodies
Static
Compressibl
e fluid
Incompre
ssible
fluid
Mechanics
Kinetics Kinematics
F= Mg
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Definition of Force, Mass, Weight and Inertia
By now the learners would have developed a clear idea about
branches of Engineering Mec hanics. At this point, it would beappropriate to take up the definition of force, mass, weight and
inertia with the help of a role play.
Suggested Activity: Role Play
To execute the role play, we ask four learners to play the roles of Force,
rigid bodies one with light weight and one with heavy weight.
The aim of the role play will be to demonstrate how force acting on a rigid
body set it into a motion if it is able to overcome the inertia of the body.
It also demonstrates how the force applied fails to set the body into motion
if it can not overcome the inertia of the body. It also establishes relation
ship between mass, weight and inertia of the body.
Scene 1: A boy with light weight representing a rigid body with light weightstands on the centre of stage. Another boy representing the force pushes
the boy forward which sets the boy representing rigid body into motion.
Scene 2: Another boy of heavy weight representing a rigid body of heavy
weight takes the center stage now. Again the boy representing the forcepushes this boy but is un able to move the boy. This shows that the applied
force by the boy is unable to over come the inertia of the body of another
boy. This also establishes that inertia of the body depends on the weight of
the body.
Scene 3: Third boy who represent a body in motion takes the centre stage
now and keeps on moving on stage in circles. The boy representing force
applies a push on his back which will accelerate the speed of the boy in
motion. This demonstrates that a force applied on a moving body in the
same direc tion of its motion will accelerates the speed of motion of body.
Scene 4: Here the boy representing the force apply a force on the boy in
motion in the direction opposing the motion of he boy, This time the boy in
motion stops. This demonstrates that if the force is applied to a body in a
direction opposite to the motion of the body it stops / destroys or at least
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tends to destroy the force.
Conclusion: A Force is an agency which creates or tends to create,destroys or tends to destroy the motion of a body on which its applied. It
also demonstrates that the force applied must overcome the inertia of the
body to set into motion and inertia of a body depends on its weight.
Categories in Engineering Mechanics Based on the Contribution ofVarious Scientists
We can now understand the Categories in Engineering
Mechanics Based on the Contribution of Various Scientists.
Scientists who contributed to the growth of Engineering
Mechanics are:
Sir Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein.
Archimedes
Galileo
Shrodinger and Broglie.
1. Classical Mechanics / Newtonian Mechanics - Putforth by Newton and based on Newtons laws of
motion and gravity.
2. Relativistic Mechanics - Based on theory ofRelativity by Albert Einstein.
3. Quantum Mechanics - Based on Quantum theoryput forth by Shrodinger and Broglie
For all practical purpose we use Classical or Newtonian
Mechanics to solve the problems of Engineering Mechanics.
Basic Idealizations Made in Engineering Mechanics
Let us now discuss the basic idealizations Made in Engineering
Mechanics.
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To solve the problems of Engineering Mechanics easily following
Ideals conditions has been assumed about bodies which are
practically impossible to exist. Those idealizations are
1. Particle : Its a body with only mass but no size. Every bodyis made up of such millions of particles. There size is
neglected compared to distance between them especially
when calculating force of attraction between them.
2. Continuum: For solving the problems in EngineeringMechanics easily we assume a rigid body as a continuous
distribution of mass called Continuum instead of aconglomerate of discrete particles.
3. Rigid body: A rigid body is one which does not deformunder the action of applied forces. That means the
distance between any two points in a rigid body remainsconstant even under the action of external forces
4. Point force: A force is assumed to act at a single point andits contact area is neglected.
Conglomerate Continuum Rigid body particle Of
Particles.
Conclusion
We can conclude the session by asking the learners to recall the
topics which we have discussed in todays class.
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Summary
In this session, we learnt to:
Clearly understand the meaning of Engineering Mechanics and
appreciate its applications.
Get an over view of different branches of Engineering Mechanics.
Clearly understand the meaning of several tec hnical terms in Engineering
Mechanics.
Learn the contributions of different scientists for Engineering Mechanics.Identify basic Idealizations made in Engineering Mechanics.
Learn to specify a force completely.
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Assignment
1. Define the terms a) Force , b) Mass , c) Weight , d) Inertia2. Explain the importance of Engineering Mechanics and its various
branches.
3. On what basis the Engineering Mechanics is classified / categorized.4. Discuss the basic idealizations made in Engineering mechanics to make it
easier to solve the problems.
5. Discuss how a force can be specified completely with an example.
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References
Elements of Engineering and Engineering Mechanics by S.S.Bhavikatti.
Elements of Engineering and Engineering Mechanics by Dr. B. C .
Punmia