Hate, Stereotyping, & Prejudice
Looking Without, Looking Within
1) Asian American
2) Hispanic
3) Gay Man
4) Woman over 80
Prejudice(Allport – 1954)1) An antipathy based on faulty and inflexible generalizations
2) Can be felt covertly or expressed overtly
3) Can be direct towards a group as a whole, or toward an individual because s/he is a member of that group
Four Theories ofPrejudice
Exploitation Theory1) Power is a Scarce Source
2) People innately want to keep their power and status
3) So people suppress the social mobility of the out-group
Scapegoating Theory1) Prejudiced People are the True Victims
2) They refuse to accept basic responsibility for some society failure (defeat in war / depression)
3) So they shift focus of responsibility to an out-group
Authoritarian Personality Theory
1) Person comes from a strict authoritarian background2) When that person grows up s/he wants to be the authoritarian of those around them
3) So this person subjects people in an out-group (who are seen as weaker) to their will
Structural Theory1) Social climate either promotes cultural and ethnic tolerance or intolerance
2) Is their obvious equality – if not people will subjugate others around them
3) Is there a definite hierarchy with a clear pecking order?
What Do PeopleWho Are PrejudiceReceive From Their
Prejudice?
Ego-Defense Function
Protects people’s view of themselves on both a personal and social identity level
Value-Expressive Function
People need to have value and behavioral consistencies in viewing their own cultural values, norms, and practices as the proper & civilized ways of thinking and behaving.
Knowledge Function1) It takes time and energy to create knowledge
2) People tend to want to defend their knowledge base
3) So, people view others who lack such knowledge as ignorant or deficient
Utilitarian Function1) Protecting the majority (In-Group) will make things easier on their life
2) In fact, they may be rewarded for doing protecting the in-group
When PrejudiceMeets
Discrimination
PREJUDICE
DISCRIMINATION
YES
NO
ActiveBigot
YES NO
Fair-Weather
Liberal
TimidBigot
ProactiveChangeAgents
STEREOTYPING
DEALINGWITH
PREJUDICE
1) We must be honest with ourselves – confront our on biases and ethnocentric attitudes
2) We should question the contents of our stereotypes and check against our actual interactions with out-group members
3) We should understand how our negative images concerning out-group members affects our biased attitudes and interactions
4) Use the principle of heterogeneity to break down the broad social categories
5) We should use mindful qualifying language when describing out-group/others’ behaviors.
6) We should put ourselves in frequent inter-group contact situations to become comfortable with group-based differences
Story of Leo Frank
RACISM
WHAT IS RACE?
Physiological shifts of the species that have
occurred from mutation, selection, migration, and
genetic drifts
Stupid Minor Differences(aka Finger Prints)
Loops – Europeans, black Africans, East Asians
Whorls – Mongolians and Australia Aborigines
Arches – Khoisans & Central Europeans
Realistic Outlook on RaceJared Diamond (1994)
1. Khoisans of South Africa
2. African Blacks – would form 3 distinct races alone
3. The REST of the World – Norwegians, Europeans, Navajo, Greeks, Japanese, Australian Aborigines
Forms of
Racism
1) Familiar & Unfamiliara. No Grudgesb. We just don’t know much about others
2) Real likes & Dislikes a. Out-group members are tolerated b. Certain behaviors are not
3) Arm’s Length a. We act with out-groups on in certain situations – work
1) Tokenisma. People who insincerely display acts of
accommodation to out-group members2) Symbolic a. No overt hate or violence b. People just prefer not to interact with
others 3) Redneck a. Members of certain cultures should
be sent back where they came from
LEVELS OF
RACISM
1. Institutional – Jim Crow Laws
2. Collectivism – KKK
3. Individual – One person’s racism
HATE
MUTEDGROUPTHEORY
Three Basic Features1) Language names experiences which determines what is socially recognized
2) Dominant discourse silences, or mutes, groups that are not in society’s mainstream – often are invisible to Dominant Culture
3) Out-groups react to being muted in different fashions
5 Coping Strategies1. Passing
2. Tomming
3. Shucking
4. Dissembling
5. Transforming
HAVE A GREAT
THANKSGIVING