Transcript
Page 1: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Group actions on projective varieties andchains of rational curves on Fano varieties

渡辺 究

早稲田大学大学院基幹理工学研究科数学応用数理専攻

楫研究室

2009/12/11

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 2: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

論文

出版済み

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1 Kiwamu Watanabe, Classification of polarized manifoldsadmitting homogeneous varieties as ample divisors,Mathematische Annalen 342:3 (2008), pp. 557-563.

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2 Kiwamu Watanabe, Actions of linear algebraic groups ofexceptional type on projective varieties, Pacific Journal ofMathematics 239:2 (2009), pp. 391-395.

プレプリント

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1 Kiwamu Watanabe, Lengths of chains of minimal rationalcurves on Fano manifolds, June 2009, submitted.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 3: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

学位申請論文の構成

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題目

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Group actions on projective varieties andchains of rational curves on Fano varieties(射影多様体への群作用とファノ多様体上の有理曲線の鎖)

第 1章: Overview of homogeneous variety and results of projectivegeometry.第 2章: Classification of polarized manifolds admittinghomogeneous varieties as ample divisors.第 3章: Actions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type onprojective varieties.第 4章: Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fanomanifolds.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 4: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

学位申請論文の構成

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題目

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Group actions on projective varieties andchains of rational curves on Fano varieties(射影多様体への群作用とファノ多様体上の有理曲線の鎖)

第 1章: Overview of homogeneous variety and results of projectivegeometry.第 2章: Classification of polarized manifolds admittinghomogeneous varieties as ample divisors.第 3章: Actions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type onprojective varieties.第 4章: Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fanomanifolds.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 5: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Homogeneous Variety

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Definition

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射影多様体X に対し,X: 等質 ⇔ ∃G: X に推移的に作用する群多様体.

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Example

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1 Pn: 射影空間,

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2 Qn: 2次超曲面,

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3 G(k, CN ): グラスマン多様体,

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4 A: アーベル多様体.

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有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 6: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Homogeneous Variety

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Definition

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射影多様体X に対し,X: 等質 ⇔ ∃G: X に推移的に作用する群多様体.

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Example

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1 Pn: 射影空間,

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2 Qn: 2次超曲面,

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3 G(k, CN ): グラスマン多様体,

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4 A: アーベル多様体.

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有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 7: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Homogeneous Variety

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Definition

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射影多様体X に対し,X: 等質 ⇔ ∃G: X に推移的に作用する群多様体.

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Example

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1 Pn: 射影空間,

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2 Qn: 2次超曲面,

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3 G(k, CN ): グラスマン多様体,

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4 A: アーベル多様体.

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有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 8: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Examples of rational homogeneous varieties

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Example

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∗ Pn,

•ω1

◦ω2

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

∗ G(r, Cn+1),

◦ω1

◦ω2

· · · •ωr

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

: An(ωr)∗ •

ω1

•ooω2

: G2(ω1 + ω2)

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有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 9: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Examples of rational homogeneous varieties

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Example

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∗ Pn,

•ω1

◦ω2

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

∗ G(r, Cn+1),

◦ω1

◦ω2

· · · •ωr

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

: An(ωr)∗ •

ω1

•ooω2

: G2(ω1 + ω2)

.

.

有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 10: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Examples of rational homogeneous varieties

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Example

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∗ Pn,

•ω1

◦ω2

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

∗ G(r, Cn+1),◦ω1

◦ω2

· · · •ωr

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

: An(ωr)

∗ •ω1

•ooω2

: G2(ω1 + ω2)

.

.

有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 11: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Examples of rational homogeneous varieties

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Example

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∗ Pn,

•ω1

◦ω2

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

∗ G(r, Cn+1),◦ω1

◦ω2

· · · •ωr

· · · ◦ωn−1

◦ωn

: An(ωr)∗ •

ω1

•ooω2

: G2(ω1 + ω2)

.

.

有理等質多様体⇔ディンキン図形とその頂点の部分集合.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 12: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Kiwamu Watanabe, Classification of polarized manifolds admittinghomogeneous varieties as ample divisors, Mathematische Annalen342:3 (2008), pp. 557-563.(第 2章に対応)

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Definition

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(X,L): 偏極多様体⇔ X: 非特異射影多様体 /C, L: X 上の豊富な直線束.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 13: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

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Kiwamu Watanabe, Classification of polarized manifolds admittinghomogeneous varieties as ample divisors, Mathematische Annalen342:3 (2008), pp. 557-563.(第 2章に対応)

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Definition

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(X,L): 偏極多様体⇔ X: 非特異射影多様体 /C, L: X 上の豊富な直線束.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 14: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Problem

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等質多様体Aを線形系 |L|のメンバーとして含む偏極多様体(X,L)を分類せよ.

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Problem (Special case)

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非特異射影多様体X ⊂ PN のうち,ある超平面切断A = X ∩ Hが等質多様体になるものを分類せよ.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 15: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Problem

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等質多様体Aを線形系 |L|のメンバーとして含む偏極多様体(X,L)を分類せよ.

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Problem (Special case)

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非特異射影多様体X ⊂ PN のうち,ある超平面切断A = X ∩ Hが等質多様体になるものを分類せよ.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 16: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)A ∼= Pn (n ≥ 2) ⇒ (X,L) ∼= (Pn+1, O(1)).

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2 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: アーベル多様体 (dimA ≥ 2).

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3 (藤田 ’81)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: グラスマン多様体 G(r, Cn) with(n, r) = (n, 1), (n, n − 1), (4, 2).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 17: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)A ∼= Pn (n ≥ 2) ⇒ (X,L) ∼= (Pn+1, O(1)).

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2 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: アーベル多様体 (dimA ≥ 2).

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3 (藤田 ’81)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: グラスマン多様体 G(r, Cn) with(n, r) = (n, 1), (n, n − 1), (4, 2).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 18: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)A ∼= Pn (n ≥ 2) ⇒ (X,L) ∼= (Pn+1, O(1)).

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2 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: アーベル多様体 (dimA ≥ 2).

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3 (藤田 ’81)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: グラスマン多様体 G(r, Cn) with(n, r) = (n, 1), (n, n − 1), (4, 2).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 19: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Example

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1 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)A ∼= Pn (n ≥ 2) ⇒ (X,L) ∼= (Pn+1, O(1)).

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2 (A. J. Sommese. ’76)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: アーベル多様体 (dimA ≥ 2).

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3 (藤田 ’81)¬∃(X,L) s.t. A ∈ |L|: グラスマン多様体 G(r, Cn) with(n, r) = (n, 1), (n, n − 1), (4, 2).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 20: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 21: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 22: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 23: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 24: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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.

(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 25: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 26: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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.

.

(X,L)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i)), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1)),(3) (P(E), H(E)), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 27: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 28: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

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.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

(X,L,A)を先の Problem のものとし,dimA ≥ 2を仮定する. そのとき,(X,L)は以下のいずれか:(1) (Pn+1, OPn+1(i), Pn resp. Qn), i = 1, 2,(2) (Qn+1,OQn+1(1), Qn),(3) (P(E), H(E), C × Pn−1), ただし,E は曲線 C (P1もしくは楕円曲線 ) 上の豊富なベクトル束,L は C 上の豊富な直線束で次の完全列を満たす:

0 → OC → E → L ⊕n → 0.

(4) (Pl × Pl, OPl×Pl(1, 1), P(TPl)),(5) (G(2, C2l), OPlucker(1), Cl(ω2) = LG(2, C2l)),(6) (E6(ω1), OE6(ω1)(1), F4(ω4)).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明の鍵

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 豊富な因子として現れる等質多様体Aの絞り込み.

.

.

.

1 NS-condition(藤田 ’82).

.

.

.

2 Merkulov and Schwachhofer (’99).

.

.

.

2 与えられたAに対するX の構造決定.

.

.

.

1 偏極多様体や射影幾何学の結果.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明の鍵

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 豊富な因子として現れる等質多様体Aの絞り込み.

.

.

.

1 NS-condition(藤田 ’82).

.

.

.

2 Merkulov and Schwachhofer (’99).

.

.

.

2 与えられたAに対するX の構造決定.

.

.

.

1 偏極多様体や射影幾何学の結果.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 37: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明の鍵

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 豊富な因子として現れる等質多様体Aの絞り込み.

.

.

.

1 NS-condition(藤田 ’82).

.

.

.

2 Merkulov and Schwachhofer (’99).

.

.

.

2 与えられたAに対するX の構造決定.

.

.

.

1 偏極多様体や射影幾何学の結果.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 38: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明の鍵

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 豊富な因子として現れる等質多様体Aの絞り込み.

.

.

.

1 NS-condition(藤田 ’82).

.

.

.

2 Merkulov and Schwachhofer (’99).

.

.

.

2 与えられたAに対するX の構造決定.

.

.

.

1 偏極多様体や射影幾何学の結果.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Definition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

X は NS-conditionを満たす ⇔ Hq(X,TX [−L]) = 0 for ∀L: 豊富な直線束, q = 0, 1.

.

Proposition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

NS-conditionを満たす多様体は非特異多様体の豊富な因子として含まれない.

.

Proposition

.

.

.

X を等質多様体 (dim X ≥ 2)とすると以下は同値:

.

.

.

1 X は NS-conditionを満たさない.

.

.

.

2 X は以下のいずれか:(a) Pn, (b) Qn, (c) C × Pn−1, C は P1もしくは楕円曲線,(d) P(TPl), (e) Cl(ω2), (f) F4(ω4).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 40: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Definition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

X は NS-conditionを満たす ⇔ Hq(X,TX [−L]) = 0 for ∀L: 豊富な直線束, q = 0, 1.

.

Proposition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

NS-conditionを満たす多様体は非特異多様体の豊富な因子として含まれない.

.

Proposition

.

.

.

X を等質多様体 (dim X ≥ 2)とすると以下は同値:

.

.

.

1 X は NS-conditionを満たさない.

.

.

.

2 X は以下のいずれか:(a) Pn, (b) Qn, (c) C × Pn−1, C は P1もしくは楕円曲線,(d) P(TPl), (e) Cl(ω2), (f) F4(ω4).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 41: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Definition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

X は NS-conditionを満たす ⇔ Hq(X,TX [−L]) = 0 for ∀L: 豊富な直線束, q = 0, 1.

.

Proposition (藤田 ’82)

.

.

.

NS-conditionを満たす多様体は非特異多様体の豊富な因子として含まれない.

.

Proposition

.

.

.

X を等質多様体 (dim X ≥ 2)とすると以下は同値:

.

.

.

1 X は NS-conditionを満たさない.

.

.

.

2 X は以下のいずれか:(a) Pn, (b) Qn, (c) C × Pn−1, C は P1もしくは楕円曲線,(d) P(TPl), (e) Cl(ω2), (f) F4(ω4).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 42: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 44: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 45: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 46: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 47: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

A ∼= F4(ω4)のとき; L: 非常に豊富,i.e., ϕ|L| : X → PN : 埋め込み.; A = X ∩ H ⊂ X ⊂ PN .

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : n次元非退化非特異射影多様体X: Severi多様体 ⇔ 3n = 2(N − 2) かつ Sec(X) = PN .

.

Theorem (Zak)

.

.

.

Severi多様体は以下のいずれかと射影同値:

.

.

.

1 v2(P2) ⊂ P5: Veronese曲面.

.

.

.

2 P2 × P2 ⊂ P8: Segre多様体.

.

.

.

3 G(P1, P5) ⊂ P14: Grassmann多様体.

.

.

.

4 E6(ω1) ⊂ P26: E6多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

.

.

.

等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類

.

.

.

1 今まで知られていた結果 (藤田,Sommese等)の一般化.

.

.

.

2 他の分類問題への応用が期待される.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

.

.

.

等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類

.

.

.

1 今まで知られていた結果 (藤田,Sommese等)の一般化.

.

.

.

2 他の分類問題への応用が期待される.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

.

.

.

等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類

.

.

.

1 今まで知られていた結果 (藤田,Sommese等)の一般化.

.

.

.

2 他の分類問題への応用が期待される.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

.

Kiwamu Watanabe, Actions of linear algebraic groups ofexceptional type on projective varieties, Pacific Journal ofMathematics 239:2 (2009), pp. 391-395.(第 3章に対応)

.

Problem

.

.

.

X: 射影多様体,G: X に作用する単純線型代数群.このとき,対 (X,G)を分類せよ.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

.

Kiwamu Watanabe, Actions of linear algebraic groups ofexceptional type on projective varieties, Pacific Journal ofMathematics 239:2 (2009), pp. 391-395.(第 3章に対応)

.

Problem

.

.

.

X: 射影多様体,G: X に作用する単純線型代数群.このとき,対 (X,G)を分類せよ.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known Results

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 (満渕, ’79)G = SL(n), X: n次元.

.

.

.

2 (梅村-向井, ’83)G = SL(2), X: 3次元概等質.

.

.

.

3 (中野, ’89)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 3次元.

.

.

.

4 (S. Kebekus, ’00)X: 3次元特異.

.

.

.

5 (M. Andreatta, ’01)G: 単純線型代数群, X: 高次元.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Andreatta’s Work

.

Definition

.

.

.

rG := min{dimG/P | P ⊂ G : 放物型部分群 }.

.

Proposition (M. Andreatta, ’01)

.

.

.

(1) n ≥ rG,(2) もし n = rGなら, X は次のいずれかに同型Pn, Qn, E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1) orG2(ω2).特に, X は有理等質多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Andreatta’s Work

.

Definition

.

.

.

rG := min{dimG/P | P ⊂ G : 放物型部分群 }.

.

Proposition (M. Andreatta, ’01)

.

.

.

(1) n ≥ rG,(2) もし n = rGなら, X は次のいずれかに同型Pn, Qn, E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1) orG2(ω2).特に, X は有理等質多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Andreatta’s Work

.

Definition

.

.

.

rG := min{dimG/P | P ⊂ G : 放物型部分群 }.

.

Proposition (M. Andreatta, ’01)

.

.

.

(1) n ≥ rG,(2) もし n = rGなら, X は次のいずれかに同型Pn, Qn, E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1) orG2(ω2).特に, X は有理等質多様体.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (M. Andreatta, ’01)

.

.

.

G: 古典型かつ n = rG + 1ならX は以下のいずれか:(1) Pn,(2) Qn,(3) Y × Z, ただし,Y : Pn−1 or Qn−1, Z: 非特異曲線,(4) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y :(3)と同じ, m > 0,(5) P(TP2),(6) C2(ω1 + ω2).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6,

G2

(2) Q6,

G2

(3) E6(ω1),

F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

G: 例外型かつ n = rG + 1なら,X は以下のいずれか:(1) P6, G2

(2) Q6, G2

(3) E6(ω1), F4

(4) G2(ω1 + ω2),(5) Y × Z, ただし,Y : E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4),G2(ω1) or G2(ω2), Z: 非特異曲線,(6) P(OY ⊕ OY (m)), ただし,Y : (5)と同じ,m > 0.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

.

Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

.

.

.

.

..

1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

.

.

.

2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

.

方針

.

.

.

ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

証明方針

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Lemma (梅村-向井, ’83)

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1 ∃ϕ : X → Z: 端射線の収縮射,

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2 ϕがG同値になるようにGは Z に作用する.

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方針

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ϕ : X → Z とG軌道の関係 ; X の構造決定

Example: dimX > dimZ > 0かつG y Z:自明のとき.G y F = (fiber of ϕ): 非自明.∃Gp ⊂ F : 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimGp ≤ dimF ≤ n − 1.; (dimF, dimZ) = (n − 1, 1) and F:G-等質.; X ∼= F × Z.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 79: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 80: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 81: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 82: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 83: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 84: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 85: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 86: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 87: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

ρ(X) = 1のとき.; X: Fano多様体, Pic X ∼= Z.X: G-等質でない.∃H = Gp ⊂ X: 閉軌道.n − 1 = rG ≤ dimH < n.H: 以下のいずれかと同型:E6(ω1), E7(ω1), E8(ω1), F4(ω1), F4(ω4), G2(ω1), G2(ω2).Pic X∼= Z ; H: X 上の豊富な因子.(X,H) ∼= (E6(ω1), F4(ω4)), (P6, Q5) or (Q6, Q5).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 88: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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研究成果

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n = rG + 1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

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1 Andreattaの結果と合わせると,n = rG + 1なる代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の完全な分類を得る.

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2 先の偏極多様体の結果の応用例.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 89: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

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.

.

n = rG + 1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

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.

.

1 Andreattaの結果と合わせると,n = rG + 1なる代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の完全な分類を得る.

.

.

.

2 先の偏極多様体の結果の応用例.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 90: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

.

.

.

n = rG + 1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

.

.

.

1 Andreattaの結果と合わせると,n = rG + 1なる代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の完全な分類を得る.

.

.

.

2 先の偏極多様体の結果の応用例.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 91: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Kiwamu Watanabe, Lengths of chains of minimal rational curveson Fano manifolds, June 2009, submitted.(第 4章に対応)

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Definition

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Fano多様体 ⇔ 豊富な反標準因子をもつ非特異射影多様体.

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Problem (Special Case 1)

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X ⊂ PN を Picard数 1の Fano多様体とする.もしX が lineで覆われるなら, X 上の一般の 2点は何本の lineで結べるか?

l: the min length of connected chains of lines joining two gen pts.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 92: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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.

Kiwamu Watanabe, Lengths of chains of minimal rational curveson Fano manifolds, June 2009, submitted.(第 4章に対応)

.

Definition

.

.

.

Fano多様体 ⇔ 豊富な反標準因子をもつ非特異射影多様体.

.

Problem (Special Case 1)

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN を Picard数 1の Fano多様体とする.もしX が lineで覆われるなら, X 上の一般の 2点は何本の lineで結べるか?

l: the min length of connected chains of lines joining two gen pts.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 93: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

.

Kiwamu Watanabe, Lengths of chains of minimal rational curveson Fano manifolds, June 2009, submitted.(第 4章に対応)

.

Definition

.

.

.

Fano多様体 ⇔ 豊富な反標準因子をもつ非特異射影多様体.

.

Problem (Special Case 1)

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN を Picard数 1の Fano多様体とする.もしX が lineで覆われるなら, X 上の一般の 2点は何本の lineで結べるか?

l: the min length of connected chains of lines joining two gen pts.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 94: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

.

Kiwamu Watanabe, Lengths of chains of minimal rational curveson Fano manifolds, June 2009, submitted.(第 4章に対応)

.

Definition

.

.

.

Fano多様体 ⇔ 豊富な反標準因子をもつ非特異射影多様体.

.

Problem (Special Case 1)

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN を Picard数 1の Fano多様体とする.もしX が lineで覆われるなら, X 上の一般の 2点は何本の lineで結べるか?

l: the min length of connected chains of lines joining two gen pts.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 95: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 X = Pn ⇒

l = 1..

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2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒

l = 2..

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3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒

l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 96: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

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2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒

l = 2..

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3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒

l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 97: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

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2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒

l = 2..

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3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒

l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 98: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

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2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

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.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒

l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 99: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

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.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒

l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 100: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

.

.

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..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 101: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

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..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

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.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般

←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 102: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

.

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.

.

..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.

V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 103: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

.

.

.

.

..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.

x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 104: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

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Example

.

.

.

.

..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.

よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 105: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Example

.

.

.

.

..

1 X = Pn ⇒ l = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn (n ≥ 3) ⇒ l = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = G(2, C6) ⊂ P14 ⇒ l = 2.

Proof of (3).x, y ∈ G(2, C6): 一般←→ Lx, Ly ⊂ C6: 2次元.V :=< Lx, Ly >⊂ C6: 4次元.x, y ∈ G(2, V ) ⊂ G(2, C6) and G(2, V ) ∼= Q4.よって,l = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 106: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

X ⊂ PN : lineで覆われない Picard数 1の Fano多様体.(e.g. iX = 1)X は conicで覆われるとする.

.

Problem (Special Case 2)

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X 上の一般の 2点を結ぶためには何本の conicが必要か?

(e.g. (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面.)

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

X ⊂ PN : lineで覆われない Picard数 1の Fano多様体.(e.g. iX = 1)X は conicで覆われるとする.

.

Problem (Special Case 2)

.

.

.

X 上の一般の 2点を結ぶためには何本の conicが必要か?

(e.g. (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面.)

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

X ⊂ PN : lineで覆われない Picard数 1の Fano多様体.(e.g. iX = 1)X は conicで覆われるとする.

.

Problem (Special Case 2)

.

.

.

X 上の一般の 2点を結ぶためには何本の conicが必要か?

(e.g. (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面.)

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

⋄ 定数でない射 f : P1 → X に対し, f(P1): 有理曲線.⋄ RatCurvesn(X) := {X 上の有理曲線 }normalization.

Pic(X) ∼= Z[H] (H は豊富)と仮定.

既約成分K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X)に対し,⋄ dK := H.C for [C] ∈ K : K の次数

⋄ K : dominating irr comp ⇔∪

[C]∈K

C = X.

.

Definition

.

.

.

K : minimal rational component ⇔ 次数最小の dom irr comp.

Remark

.

.

.

1 X: lineで覆われる ⇒ K : lineの族.

.

.

.

2 X: lineで覆われないが conicで覆われる ⇒ K : conicの族.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

⋄ 定数でない射 f : P1 → X に対し, f(P1): 有理曲線.⋄ RatCurvesn(X) := {X 上の有理曲線 }normalization.

Pic(X) ∼= Z[H] (H は豊富)と仮定.

既約成分K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X)に対し,⋄ dK := H.C for [C] ∈ K : K の次数

⋄ K : dominating irr comp ⇔∪

[C]∈K

C = X.

.

Definition

.

.

.

K : minimal rational component ⇔ 次数最小の dom irr comp.

Remark

.

.

.

1 X: lineで覆われる ⇒ K : lineの族.

.

.

.

2 X: lineで覆われないが conicで覆われる ⇒ K : conicの族.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

⋄ 定数でない射 f : P1 → X に対し, f(P1): 有理曲線.⋄ RatCurvesn(X) := {X 上の有理曲線 }normalization.

Pic(X) ∼= Z[H] (H は豊富)と仮定.

既約成分K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X)に対し,⋄ dK := H.C for [C] ∈ K : K の次数

⋄ K : dominating irr comp ⇔∪

[C]∈K

C = X.

.

Definition

.

.

.

K : minimal rational component ⇔ 次数最小の dom irr comp.

Remark

.

.

.

1 X: lineで覆われる ⇒ K : lineの族.

.

.

.

2 X: lineで覆われないが conicで覆われる ⇒ K : conicの族.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

⋄ 定数でない射 f : P1 → X に対し, f(P1): 有理曲線.⋄ RatCurvesn(X) := {X 上の有理曲線 }normalization.

Pic(X) ∼= Z[H] (H は豊富)と仮定.

既約成分K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X)に対し,⋄ dK := H.C for [C] ∈ K : K の次数

⋄ K : dominating irr comp ⇔∪

[C]∈K

C = X.

.

Definition

.

.

.

K : minimal rational component ⇔ 次数最小の dom irr comp.

Remark

.

.

.

1 X: lineで覆われる ⇒ K : lineの族.

.

.

.

2 X: lineで覆われないが conicで覆われる ⇒ K : conicの族.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

⋄ 定数でない射 f : P1 → X に対し, f(P1): 有理曲線.⋄ RatCurvesn(X) := {X 上の有理曲線 }normalization.

Pic(X) ∼= Z[H] (H は豊富)と仮定.

既約成分K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X)に対し,⋄ dK := H.C for [C] ∈ K : K の次数

⋄ K : dominating irr comp ⇔∪

[C]∈K

C = X.

.

Definition

.

.

.

K : minimal rational component ⇔ 次数最小の dom irr comp.

Remark

.

.

.

1 X: lineで覆われる ⇒ K : lineの族.

.

.

.

2 X: lineで覆われないが conicで覆われる ⇒ K : conicの族.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Problem

.

Problem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05)

.

.

.

X 上の一般の 2点は何本のK -curveにより結べるか?

.

.

lK := the min length of connected chains of general K -curvesjoining two gen pts.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 X = Pn ⇒ K = {lines in Pn}, lK = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn ⇒ K = {lines in Qn}, lK = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面⇒ K = {conics in (N)}.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 X = Pn ⇒ K = {lines in Pn}, lK = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn ⇒ K = {lines in Qn}, lK = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面⇒ K = {conics in (N)}.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Example

.

.

.

.

.

.

1 X = Pn ⇒ K = {lines in Pn}, lK = 1.

.

.

.

2 X = Qn ⇒ K = {lines in Qn}, lK = 2.

.

.

.

3 X = (N) ⊂ PN : 次数N の一般の超曲面⇒ K = {conics in (N)}.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 118: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Motivation [Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92]Boundedness of Fano manifolds

.

Theorem (Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92)

.

.

.

任意の n ∈ Nに対し, Picard数 1の n次元 Fano多様体の変形類は高々有限個.

.

Theorem (Nadel, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori)

.

.

.

lK ≤ n

.

Theorem

.

.

.

0 < (−KX)n ≤ (n(n + 1))n.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Motivation [Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92]Boundedness of Fano manifolds

.

Theorem (Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92)

.

.

.

任意の n ∈ Nに対し, Picard数 1の n次元 Fano多様体の変形類は高々有限個.

.

Theorem (Nadel, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori)

.

.

.

lK ≤ n

.

Theorem

.

.

.

0 < (−KX)n ≤ (n(n + 1))n.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 120: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Motivation [Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92]Boundedness of Fano manifolds

.

Theorem (Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92)

.

.

.

任意の n ∈ Nに対し, Picard数 1の n次元 Fano多様体の変形類は高々有限個.

.

Theorem (Nadel, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori)

.

.

.

lK ≤ n

.

Theorem

.

.

.

0 < (−KX)n ≤ (n(n + 1))n.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 121: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Motivation [Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92]Boundedness of Fano manifolds

.

Theorem (Nadel ’91, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori ’92)

.

.

.

任意の n ∈ Nに対し, Picard数 1の n次元 Fano多様体の変形類は高々有限個.

.

Theorem (Nadel, Kollar-Miyaoka-Mori)

.

.

.

lK ≤ n

.

Theorem

.

.

.

0 < (−KX)n ≤ (n(n + 1))n.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 122: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 123: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 124: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 125: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 126: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 127: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 128: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Known results and our goal

Definition iX : X の Fano指数 ⇔ −KX = iXH.

.

Theorem (Hwang-Kebekus ’05, Ionescu-Russo ’07)

.

.

.

X: n次元 prime Fano = Pnが iX > 23nを満たすならば, lK = 2.

Definition X: prime Fano ⇔ H: 非常に豊富.

以下の四つの場合に lenghtを求めた:

.

.

.

1 n ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) := n + 1 − iX ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime and iX = 23n,

.

.

.

4 X が二重被覆の構造をもち lineで覆われるとき.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Notation

X: n次元 Fano多様体 s.t. Pic(X) ∼= Z (n ≥ 3),K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X): min rat comp,lK : the min length of connected chains of general K -curvesjoining two gen pts.

.

Basic Property

.

.

.

一般の [C] ∈ K に対し, f∗TX∼= OP1(2) ⊕ OP1(1)p ⊕ On−1−p

P1 , ただし,f : P1 → X は C の正規化.

p = iXdK − 2 (0 ≤ p ≤ n − 1).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Notation

X: n次元 Fano多様体 s.t. Pic(X) ∼= Z (n ≥ 3),K ⊂ RatCurvesn(X): min rat comp,lK : the min length of connected chains of general K -curvesjoining two gen pts.

.

Basic Property

.

.

.

一般の [C] ∈ K に対し, f∗TX∼= OP1(2) ⊕ OP1(1)p ⊕ On−1−p

P1 , ただし,f : P1 → X は C の正規化.

p = iXdK − 2 (0 ≤ p ≤ n − 1).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2

1

4 3

1

5 4

1 Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2

1

4 3

1

5 4

1 Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2

1

4 3

1

5 4

1

Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1

2

4 2

2

5 3

2

Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 138: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0

3

4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0

4

5 1

3

5 0

5

p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0 4 5 1

3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0 4 5 1

3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1

2

5 2

2

4 0 4 5 1

3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1 2 5 2

2

4 0 4 5 1

3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1 2 5 2 24 0 4 5 1

3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1 2 5 2 24 0 4 5 1 3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1 2 5 2 24 0 4 5 1 3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Table of lK (n ≤ 5)

.

Theorem 1 (W)

.

.

.

p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.(n, p) = (5, 1) ⇒ lK = 3.

n p lK n p lK n p lK

3 2 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 Pn

3 1 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 Qn

3 0 3 4 1 2 5 2 24 0 4 5 1 3

5 0 5 p = 0 ⇒ lK = n

特に, n ≤ 5なら, lK は (n, p)にのみ依存する.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold

3

2 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3)

2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold

3

2 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3)

2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.

Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold

3

2 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3)

2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.

Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold 32 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3)

2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.

Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold 32 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3)

2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

coindex(X) ≤ 3

coindex(X) X lK

0 Pn 11 Qn 22 del Pezzo 3-fold 32 del Pezzo n-fold (n > 3) 2

Remark 1: coindex(X) = 2 ⇒ p = n − 3.Remark 2: p = 0 ⇒ lK = n.Thm 1: p = n − 3 > 0 ⇒ lK = 2.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem 2 (W)

.

.

.

coindex(X) = 3, n ≥ 6 ⇒ lK = 2 except the case X = LG(3, 6):6-dim Lagrangian Grassmann.

LG(3, 6) := {[V ] ∈ G(3, 6)|ω(V, V ) = 0}, ω: symple form on C6.

n lK

n ≥ 7 26 2 or 35 34 43 3

n ≥ 4 ⇒ p = n − 4. よって,lK は一般に (n, p)のみでは定まらない.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem 2 (W)

.

.

.

coindex(X) = 3, n ≥ 6 ⇒ lK = 2 except the case X = LG(3, 6):6-dim Lagrangian Grassmann.

LG(3, 6) := {[V ] ∈ G(3, 6)|ω(V, V ) = 0}, ω: symple form on C6.

n lK

n ≥ 7 26 2 or 35 34 43 3

n ≥ 4 ⇒ p = n − 4. よって,lK は一般に (n, p)のみでは定まらない.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Theorem 2 (W)

.

.

.

coindex(X) = 3, n ≥ 6 ⇒ lK = 2 except the case X = LG(3, 6):6-dim Lagrangian Grassmann.

LG(3, 6) := {[V ] ∈ G(3, 6)|ω(V, V ) = 0}, ω: symple form on C6.

n lK

n ≥ 7 26 2 or 35 34 43 3

n ≥ 4 ⇒ p = n − 4. よって,lK は一般に (n, p)のみでは定まらない.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

X: prime and iX = 23n

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

X: prime Fano, iX = 23n. そのとき以下の場合を除いて lK = 2:

.

.

.

1 (3) ⊂ P4: 次数 3の超曲面.

.

.

.

2 (2) ∩ (2) ⊂ P5: 2つの 2次超曲面の完全交叉.

.

.

.

3 G(2, 5) ∩ (1)3 ⊂ P6: G(2, 5)の 3次元の線形切断.

.

.

.

4 LG(3, 6): Lagrangian Grass .

.

.

.

5 G(3, 6): Grass.

.

.

.

6 S5 := F5(Q10)+: 15次元 spinor多様体.

.

.

.

7 E7(ω1): E7型の 27次元有理等質多様体.

上記例外の場合, lK = 3.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

X: prime and iX = 23n

.

Theorem (W)

.

.

.

X: prime Fano, iX = 23n. そのとき以下の場合を除いて lK = 2:

.

.

.

1 (3) ⊂ P4: 次数 3の超曲面.

.

.

.

2 (2) ∩ (2) ⊂ P5: 2つの 2次超曲面の完全交叉.

.

.

.

3 G(2, 5) ∩ (1)3 ⊂ P6: G(2, 5)の 3次元の線形切断.

.

.

.

4 LG(3, 6): Lagrangian Grass .

.

.

.

5 G(3, 6): Grass.

.

.

.

6 S5 := F5(Q10)+: 15次元 spinor多様体.

.

.

.

7 E7(ω1): E7型の 27次元有理等質多様体.

上記例外の場合, lK = 3.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Definition

.

.

.

.

..

1 X ⊂ PN : conic-connected ⇔ X 上の一般の 2点はX 上のconicにより結ばれる.

.

.

.

2 SX :=∪

x =y∈X

< x, y >: X の割線多様体.

Remark: dimSX ≤ 2n + 1.

.

Definition

.

.

.

X ⊂ PN : defective ⇔ dimSX < 2n + 1.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Corollary (W)

.

.

.

X: prime Fano, iX = 23nかつ n ≥ 6. このとき以下は同値.

.

.

.

1 lK = 2.

.

.

.

2 lK = 3.

.

.

.

3 X ⊂ P(H0(X, OX(H))): conic-connectedでない.

.

.

.

4 dimS1X = 2n + 1.

.

.

.

5 X ⊂ P(H0(X, OX(H)))は次のいずれかに射影同値LG(3, 6), G(3, 6), S5 or E7(ω1).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

Corollary (W)

.

.

.

X: prime Fano, iX = 23nかつ n ≥ 6. このとき以下は同値.

.

.

.

1 lK = 2.

.

.

.

2 lK = 3.

.

.

.

3 X ⊂ P(H0(X, OX(H))): conic-connectedでない.

.

.

.

4 dimS1X = 2n + 1.

.

.

.

5 X ⊂ P(H0(X, OX(H)))は次のいずれかに射影同値LG(3, 6), G(3, 6), S5 or E7(ω1).

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Property iX > 23n iX = 2

3n iX = 23n

lK 2 2 3Conic-connectedness Yes Yes No

Defectiveness of the sec var Yes Yes No

iX = 23nは conic-connectednessや割線多様体の defectivenessから

みても境界になっている.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Property iX > 23n iX = 2

3n iX = 23n

lK 2 2 3Conic-connectedness Yes Yes No

Defectiveness of the sec var Yes Yes No

iX = 23nは conic-connectednessや割線多様体の defectivenessから

みても境界になっている.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

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Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

.

研究成果

.

.

.

以下の場合に対し,Fano多様体の lengthを求めた.

.

.

.

1 dimX ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime かつ iX = 23 dimX,

.

.

.

4 X: 2重被覆の構造をもち,次数 1の有理曲線で覆われる.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 165: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Summary

.

.

.

1 等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類.

.

.

.

2 n = rG +1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

.

.

.

3 以下の場合に対し,ファノ多様体の lengthを求めた.

.

.

.

1 dim X ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime かつ iX = 23 dimX,

.

.

.

4 X: 2重被覆の構造をもち,次数 1の有理曲線で覆われる.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 166: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Summary

.

.

.

1 等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類.

.

.

.

2 n = rG +1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

.

.

.

3 以下の場合に対し,ファノ多様体の lengthを求めた.

.

.

.

1 dim X ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime かつ iX = 23 dimX,

.

.

.

4 X: 2重被覆の構造をもち,次数 1の有理曲線で覆われる.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 167: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Summary

.

.

.

1 等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類.

.

.

.

2 n = rG +1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

.

.

.

3 以下の場合に対し,ファノ多様体の lengthを求めた.

.

.

.

1 dim X ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime かつ iX = 23 dimX,

.

.

.

4 X: 2重被覆の構造をもち,次数 1の有理曲線で覆われる.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties

Page 168: Group actions on projective varieties and chains of …Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifolds Summary.. Group actions on projective varieties and chains of

. . . . . .

Homogeneous varieties as ample divisorsActions of linear algebraic groups of exceptional type

Lengths of chains of minimal rational curves on Fano manifoldsSummary

Summary

.

.

.

1 等質多様体を豊富な因子として含む偏極多様体の分類.

.

.

.

2 n = rG +1なる例外型代数群の作用をもつ射影多様体の分類.

.

.

.

3 以下の場合に対し,ファノ多様体の lengthを求めた.

.

.

.

1 dim X ≤ 5,

.

.

.

2 coindex(X) ≤ 3,

.

.

.

3 X: prime かつ iX = 23 dimX,

.

.

.

4 X: 2重被覆の構造をもち,次数 1の有理曲線で覆われる.

渡辺 究 Group actions on projective varieties and chains of rational curves on Fano varieties


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