HERBERT HOOVER
President (1929-1933)Engineer and philanthropistSecretary of Commerce under Harding and Coolidge.President at the start of the Great Depression and believer in “Volunteerism”.http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/hh31.html
WARREN HARDING
President (1921-1923)“Normalcy”Corruption TeaPot Dome Daugherty and Liquor AffairsDied in Officehttp://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/wh29.html http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0848032.html
CULTURE WARS
Nativism Ku Klux KlanFundamentalism Scopes TrialYouth Movement FlappersOrganized Crime ProhibitionRace and Ethnicity Immigration Act of 1921 and 1924 Harlem Renaissance http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1398.html http://webtech.kennesaw.edu/jcheek3/roaring_twenties.htm
AMERICA BECOMES MODERN
First census to indicate Majority of America lived in urban areas-split between urban and rural.Creation of “generation gap” and “juvenile delinquency”-split between old and young.Major shift in ethnic trends brought on by immigration laws.Movement of African-Americans to urban North.
CONSUMERISM
High Employment
Commercial Credit
Rise of Madison Avenue The “hard sell” Mass marketing
Low Savings Rates
New Consumer Luxury Items
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=454
1920s ECONOMIC POLICY
Sec. of Treasury Andrew Mellon Believed in “trickle-down”
economics Cut or eliminated taxes for rich
Heavy investment in stocks
Protective tariffs
http://www.few.eur.nl/_few/people//smant/m-economics/crash1929.htm
CALVIN COOLIDGE
President (1923-1929)
Called “Silent Cal”
Caretaker President
Support based on prosperity
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/cc30.html
THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Contributing Factors Maldistribution of Income Protective tariffs Overinvestment in Stocks Sick industries High debt/low savings Money Supply
Started in October 1929
Reached worst point in 1933 with 24.9% unemployment
http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/Timeline.htm
1st NEW DEAL
First term
Most Dynamic Period of Legislation
Focused on Relief, Reform, and Recovery 21st Amendment Civilian Conservation Corps Tennessee Valley Authority Agricultural Adjustment Act National Industrial Recovery Act Securities and Exchange Commission Federal Depositors Insurance
Corporation
http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/20th/1930s/newdeal.html
2nd NEW DEAL
2nd Term
Focused more on dealing with critics and helping labor
Social Security Act
Fair Labor Standards Act
2nd AAA
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT
President (1933-1945)
Well-liked.
Promised “New Deal” but had few specifics
Influenced by Progressives
Paraplegic
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/fr32.html