Distance Education Classroom Management
Team B:
David Obiora, Belinda Garcia, Pleshetta Williams, & Lynn Black
CUR532
May 30, 2016
Melinda Medina
Managing Online Programs
• Lack of fully
developed STEM
courses
• High attrition and
low performance• Self-Efficacy
• Internet/
Technology
Mastery
Teacher Instruction and Instructional design
Designing and developing useful E-learning tools
Overcoming mistakes
Staying abreast of technological
changes
Crafting the Art of Communication
• Effective communication
• Visually and verbally
• Remembering the 7 C’s
Lack of support misconceptions
Adaptability struggles
eLearning offers no support
Technical Issues
Real-world implications
Self-motivation
Facilitator Strategies-Confronting the Issue
• Confront the issues and managing the controversy
– Talking with students about the problem to get a clear understanding
• Encourage communication between students
– Always discussing with parties the issue on hand will help relieve the
tension between students
• Encourage students to set team expectations.
– Allow student to write up an agreement of expectation from each
other
– Have students sign an acknowledge the agreement
» Seo, K. K. (2007)
Avoid Controversy
• Communicate with students immediately who may have some concerns
• Effective communication involves consistent and feedback
• Seek an understanding of he entire issue before making assumptions
Confront the Issue
Encourage communication
Set expectations
Be supportive Be honest and ready to help
Seo, K. K. (2007)
Student Success in Online
Courses
0.32
0.18
0.25
0.1
0.19
0.10.12
0.19
Failure/ Withdraw Rates
Online
Face-Face0.06
0.12
0.04
0.08
Face-to-Face Online
Withdrawal Rates for High & Low-Performing Students
F-F <3.0 F-F >3.0
WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT ONLINE COURSE OUTCOMES
CCRC, 2016
Student Self-Efficacy
(Bandura, 1993; Vilkas & McCabe, 2014)
Sources of Self-Efficacy
(Vilkas & McCabe, 2014)
Factors that Affect Self-Efficacy
Self-efficacy is a key concept in social cognitive theory that leads
students‟ perception about their own ability to successfully solve a task or
to learn an activity or to perform behaviors at desired levels. Early
research evidence shows that there are factors that influence self-efficacy,
namely; mastery experience, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and
psychology arousal.
The two factors discussed in this presentation are:
• Mastery experience.
• Vicarious experience.
Bandura, A., (1986)
Mastery experience
The most influential is mastery experience, or interpreted result of one’s previous
performance. Students engage in tasks and activities, interpret the results of their
actions, use these interpretations to develop beliefs about their capability to engage in
subsequent tasks and, or activities, and act in concert with the beliefs created. It is the
single greatest contributor to students' confidence.
Adult leaners bring a wide variety of past experiences with them when they enter your
classroom. Some of these experiences have been positive, others have not. How students
interpret their past successes and failures can have a dramatic impact on their self-
efficacy. If students believe their success in a particular area is the result of the skills
they developed (their ability), they are much more likely to be confident about future
success in that area. Just like with the old adage, “Nothing breeds success like success”
certainly is true when it comes to developing self-efficacy.
Bandura, A., (1993)
Vicarious Experiences
The second source of creating self-efficacy is through observational experiences
provided by social models. With vicarious experiences, students obtain information
about their own capabilities by observing others, especially peers who offer suitable
possibilities for comparison.
The vicarious experience of observing can have a strong influence on self-efficacy ;
especially when students observe others like themselves perform tasks, they make
judgments about their own capabilities. For instance, by observing others like
themselves perform tasks, individuals make judgments about their own capabilities. If
a student sees a friend publish a book, he/she might believe they can also have one
published. On the other hand, people with little mastery experience or those who are
uncertain about their capacities, are more sensitive and more likely to fall short, hence,
under estimate themselves and perform poorly/below expectations.
Bandura, A., (1993)
ARCS Model
(Chang, Liu, Sung, Lin, Chen, & Cheng, 2014)
Conclusion
Effective Online
Teacher Preparation
&
Instructional Design
Effective Administration
Effective Online Communication
Conflict Resolution
Self-Efficacy
Student Success
References
Bandura, A., (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs:
New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A., (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educational
Psychologist, 28(2), pp: 117-148. Retrieved from
http://vmarpad.shaanan.ac.il/efficacy/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA%20%D7%A2
%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA/%D7%9E.
Chang, C., Liu, E. Z., Sung, H., Lin, C., Chen, N., & Cheng, S. (2014). Effects of online college student’s
Internet self-efficacy on learning. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 51(4), 366-
377. doi:10.1080/14703297.2013.771429.
Community College Research Center (CCRC). (2013, April). What we know about online course outcomes.
Research Overview. Retrieved from http://ccrc.tc.columbia.edu/media/k2/attachments/what-we-know-
about-online-course-outcomes.pdf.
References (Cont’d)
Flowers, L.O. (2012, June). Exploring HBCU academic self-efficacy in online STEM courses. Journal of
Human Resource and Adult Learning, 7(2), pp. 139-145. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/docview/1285154769?accountid=458.
Seo, K. K. (2007). Utilizing peer moderating in online discussions: Addressing the controversy between
teacher moderation and nonmoderation. American Journal of Distance Education, 21(1), 21.
Vilkas, B. & McCabe, C. (2014, May 20). Promoting students’ self-efficacy in the online classroom.
Retrieved from http://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/online-education/promoting-students-self-
efficacy-online-classroom.