Bangkok, June 2013
GEF AT A GLANCE• Largest public funder of projects to improve the global
environment. • GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity,
climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants.
• Provided $11.5 billion in grants and leveraging $57 billion in co-financing for over 3,215 projects in over 165 developing countries and countries in transition .
• Through its Small Grants Program (SGP), the GEF has also made more than 16,030 small grants directly to civil society and community based organizations, totaling $653.2 million.
• For more information, visit www.thegef.org.
GEF Assistance to Address Adaptation
GEF Trust FundStrategic Priority
on Adaptation (SPA)
adaptation action with GEBs
Total: $50M Total: $534M Total: $241M
GEF Trust Fund
UNFCCC climate change funds
Kyoto Adaptation Fund
Estimate $80-300 million/year
Secretariat services for the AF provided
by GEF on an interim basis.
Background on the GEF and Adaptation
Adaptation Fund (AF)
Adaptation in KP developing I
partiesNO GLOBAL BENEFITS
Special Climate Change Fund
(SCCF)Top priority to
AdaptationNO GLOBAL BENEFITS
Least Developed Country Fund
(LDCF)(implementation
of NAPAs)NO GLOBAL
BENEFITS
*As of May 31, 2012
LDCF and SCCFTwo Convention Funds on adaptation managed by the GEF
Why finance adaptation?
•Convention guidance •GEF Trust Fund does not support adaptation under GEF-5
Purpose
•Bridge time between now and the launch of the new financial architecture under the Climate Convention
• Mobilize scaled up and predictable resources
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Mandate & COP Guidance – LDCF(Decisions 7/CP.7; 28/CP.7; 3/CP.11)
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• LDCF established under UNFCCC at COP7 2001, managed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
• Addresses the special needs of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
• Priority: to finance the preparation and the implementation of NAPAs• NAPAs identify “urgent and immediate
needs” specific guidelines provided
by the Least Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG)
• LDCF operational guidelines developed consistent with specific guidance COP11
Mandate & COP Guidance – SCCF(Decisions 7/CP.7; 5/CP.9)
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• SCCF established under UNFCCC at COP7 2001, managed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
• 4 different windows, financing through 2 so far: • Adaptation• Transfer of technologies (for adaptation
and mitigation)• Energy, transport, industry, agriculture,
forestry, and waste management• Economic diversification
Top Priority!
LDCF and SCCF: Main Features
LDCF and SCCF are Voluntary Funds
LDCF supports the special needs of the LDCs under the Convention:
Preparation and implementation of National Adaptation Programs of Action (NAPAs)
• streamlined project cycle, sliding scale
• equitable access• ongoing dialogue and training
workshops with LDCs
SCCF finances two programs: A. Adaptation B. Technology Transfer
–
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GEF, through LDCF, SCCF and SPA : •The most comprehensive and the most advanced global portfolio of adaptation projects and programs•More than 170 interventions in more than 110 countries.
LDCF SCCF SPA Total
Pledges and Contributions
Total cumulative pledges $748.1 $328.1 $50.0 $1,126.3Total paid contributions $585.4 $227.9 NA $813.3
Project Approvals and CEO Endorsements
Total Grants Approved $502.9 $193.8 $50.0 $746.7Total Co-Financing Mobilized $2,086.78 $1,400.8 $608.8 $4,096.38Total Number of Projects 103 47 26 176
Project Currently Under Implementation
Number of Projects 26 17 13 56Total Grants $91.0 $75.7 $48.3 $235.1Total Co-Financing $406.7 $520.4 $379.2 $1,306.3
GEF AND RESILIENCE
GEF Climate Change Adaptation Program
Goal: To finance concrete adaptation actions that increase resilience to climate change of vulnerable countries
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Tangible adaptation measures in all key development sectors , from agriculture and water resources management to urban infrastructure, public health and tourism.
LDCF and SCCF at a glance
LDCF funding by sector SCCF funding by sector
Status of Funds (March 31, 2013)
LDCF: Total approvals: $481.7 millionTotal commitments: $205 millionDisbursements to IAs: $132 million
($73 million)
SCCF:Total approvals: $231 millionTotal commitments: $147 millionDisbursements to IAs: $107 million
($40 million)
Source: Status Reports of LDCF and SCCF, publicly available at:
http://www.thegef.org/gef/meetingdocs/96/50
Access to Resources – LDCF
• Eligibility – all LDCs • (14 East Asia-Pacific countries)
• Resources available per LDC:Equitable Access Balanced Access• Ensuring funding for implementation will be available to all LDCs
• No first-come, first-served• Upwardly moving ceiling per LDC
• Currently at US $20 million per country
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Access to Resources – LDCF
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Priorities – LDCF
• NAPA: Project/Program resources can be accessed after NAPA has been submitted
• NAPA priorities guide eligibility of activities proposed
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LDCF: pledges and approvalsTotal cumulative
pledges, April 30, 2013: USD 605.13 million
Total received contributions:USD 585.52 million
NAPA preparation:USD 11.98 million;50 LDCs
NAPA implementation:USD 555.18 million;112 projects;46 LDCs;
USD 2.46 billion in total, cumulative co-financing
Access to Resources – SCCF
• Eligibility – all developing countries (i.e. non-Annex I)
• Based on National Communications and other relevant studies
• SCCF demand is much greater than supply of funding
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Convention Priorities – SCCF • Funding projects in following areas:
(a) Water resources management;(b) Land management;(c) Agriculture;(d) Health;(e) Infrastructure development;(f) Fragile ecosystems (including mountain
ecosystems); and(g) Integrated coastal zone management.
monitoring of diseases and vectors affected by climate change, disease control and prevention.
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SCCF: pledges and approvalsTotal cumulative
pledges, April 30, 2013: USD 258.86 million
Total received contributions:USD 239.98 million
SCCF Adaptation:USD 193.28 million for47 projects
SCCF Technology Transfer:
USD 26.64 million for 6 projects
Total co-financing:USD 1.51 billion
Tangible adaptation measures in all key development sectors , from agriculture and water resources management to urban infrastructure, public health and tourism.
LDCF and SCCF at a glance
LDCF funding by sector SCCF funding by sector
70% Sub-Saharan Africa, 30% Asia-Pacific
USD 108 million (20%) to LDC SIDS
Agriculture (30%), water (17%), coastal (17%), climate information services (16%)
Focus on tangible adaptation measures: 70% to reduce vulnerability, transfer CCA technology
LDCF: portfolio at a glance
LDCF: Expected resultsIndicator Value Number
of projects
Number of direct beneficiaries 1,836,119 43Number of people trained 32,555 17Number of national policies/ plans/ frameworks strengthened/ developed 53 21Number of sub-national plans/ frameworks strengthened/ developed 222 22Number of institutions strengthened 116 21Number of hectares under more resilient management 502,590 20Number of monitoring /climate information systems established 14 14
30% Asia-Pacific; 27% Africa; 17% LAC; 14% ECA
USD 19 million (8%) to SIDS
Water (27%), agriculture (27%), coastal (15%), climate information services (8%)
Focus on tangible adaptation measures: 75% to reduce vulnerability, transfer CCA technology
SCCF: portfolio at a glance
SCCF: Expected resultsIndicator Value Number
of projects
Number of direct beneficiaries 2,263,989 20Number of people trained 3,536 11Number of national policies/ plans/ frameworks strengthened/ developed 53 7Number of sub-national plans/ frameworks strengthened/ developed 84 8Number of institutions strengthened 66 10Number of hectares under more resilient management 399,328 9Number of monitoring /climate information systems established 11 11
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Bhutan: Reduce CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities from Glacial
Lake Outbursts in the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkar ValleysLDCF/GEF $3.64M
CC Vulnerabilities: • Glacial lakes reaches critical threshold
as Himalayan glaciers melt massive flashfloods in river valleys
↓Adaptation Actions: • Increase disaster risk management
capacity in affected valleys• Artificial lowering of water level in
glacial lakes• Creation of an Early Warning System
for glacial flashfloods ↓
Outcomes:• Decreased risk of massive destruction
from glacial flash floods• Limitation of human and economic loss
if/when catastrophic flash floods occur
Congo DR:Building the Capacity of the Agriculture Sector in DR Congo to Plan for and Respond to the Additional Threats Posed by Climate Change on Food Production
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LDCF/GEF amount:: $3 M
CC Vulnerabilities:• Increasing temperatures and shorter more erratic rainy seasons
Significant impact on primarily rain fed subsistence agriculture.
↓Adaptation Actions:• Pilot measures implemented locally, including:
– Diffusion of more drought tolerant varieties of maize, cassava and rice.
– Demonstration of alternative and diversified climate resilient livelihood options (e.g. non timber forest products and fish farming)
– Updating crop calendars and providing training to farmers on more climate resilient crop and soil management options (e.g. water conservation measures)
– Creation of a drought early warning system and protocols for diffusion of climate information to farmers.
– Training of provincial technical staff in relevant ministries on the integration of climate risks in the development of decentralized agricultural plans.
Outcomes: ↓• Increased food security and sustainable agricultural
development
Maldives: Integration of Climate Change Risks into the Maldives Safer Island Development Program
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LDCF/GEF amount:: $4.49 M
CC Vulnerabilities:• More than 85% of country less than 1.5 m. above sea level +
more than 70 percent of critical infrastructure within 100 m of shoreline extremely vulnerable to sea level rise and increased cyclonic activity.
↓Adaptation Actions:• Pilot measures implemented locally, including:
– Development of climate resilient land use plans (e.g. reevaluate appropriateness of environmental protection zones and new infrastructure development),
– Update drainage systems,– Restoration of natural ridge systems providing coastal
protection• Training of key specialists dealing with land use planning,
coastal zone management, coastal infrastructure development and land reclamation and assuring that climate change concerns is considered in key national policies governing such activities
↓Outcomes:• Reduced impact of sea level rise on critical infrastructure and
sustainable development
What exactly do LDCF/SCCF finance?
• Additional Cost = Full Cost of Adaptation
• Adaptation in context of development
• Cofinancing = Baseline Project = BAU Development
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What exactly do LDCF/SCCF finance?
• Additional Cost = Full Cost of Adaptation
• Adaptation in context of development
• Cofinancing = Baseline Project = BAU Development
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Key ConceptsAdditional Cost - Definition: the costs imposed on
vulnerable countries to meet their immediate adaptation needs (Decision 3/CP.11)
The additional cost approach includes:
A baseline scenario => what development activities would be undertaken also in absence of cc (baseline costs)
An adaptation scenario => which includes additional activities to be implemented to address the adverse impacts of climate change in the vulnerable sector selected for the project (baseline costs + additional costs)
The LDCF will finance only the additional costs imposed on vulnerable LDC countries to meet their (urgent and immediate) adaptation needs, as identified by their NAPAs.
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SEA Projects – LDCF & SCCF (1/2)GEF ID
Agency
Country Project Title Project Status Total Grant Amount
Co-Financing
Total Project Cost
Trust Fund
1869 UNDP Cambodia
Programme of Action for Adaptation to Climate Change
Project Closure 221,445 221,445 LDCF
2148 UNDP Lao PDR Lao PDR National Adaptation Program of Action for Climate Change
Project Closure 222,000 222,000 LDCF
3464 UNDP Timor Leste
National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate Change (NAPA) Formulation Project
Project Closure 220,000 20,000 240,000 LDCF
3702 UNEP Myanmar Myanmar: Preparation of National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPA)
IA Approved 220,000 30,000 250,000 LDCF
3404 UNDP Cambodia
Promoting Climate-Resilient Water Management and Agricultural Practices in Rural Cambodia
Under Implementation
2,145,000 2,340,350 4,485,350 LDCF
3890 UNEP Cambodia
Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Programme for Climate Change within the Coastal Zone of Cambodia Considering Livelihood Improvement and Ecosystems
Under Implementation
1,853,500 4,245,000 6,098,500 LDCF
4034 UNDP Lao PDR Improving the Resilience of the Agriculture Sector in Lao PDR to Climate Change Impacts
Under Implementation
4,999,995 7,818,548 12,818,543 LDCF
4434 FAO Cambodia
Strengthening the adaptive capacity and resilience of rural communities using micro watershed approaches to climate change and variability to attain sustainable food security
Council Approved 5,607,800 18,805,395
24,413,195 LDCF
4554 UNDP Lao PDR Effective Governance for small-scale rural infrastructure and disaster preparedness in a changing climate
CEO Endorsed 5,302,000 31,134,396
36,436,396 LDCF
4696 UNDP Timor Leste
Strengthening the Resilience of Small Scale Rural Infrastructure and Local Government Systems to Climatic Variability a nd Risk
Council Approved 5,192,000 52,510,399
57,702,399 LDCF
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SEA Projects – LDCF & SCCF (2/2)GEF ID
Agency
Country Project Title Project Status Total Grant Amount
Co-Financing
Total Project Cost
Trust Fund
5056 UNDP Timor Leste
Strengthening Community Resilience to Climate Induced Natural Disasters in the Dili to Ainaro Road Development Corridor, Timor Leste
Council Approved 5,880,150 79,016,780 84,896,930 LDCF
5318 UNDP Cambodia Strengthening climate information and early warning systems in Cambodia to support climate resilient development and adaptation to climate change
Council Approved 5,541,012 16,672,931 22,213,943 LDCF
5419 UNDP Cambodia Strengthening the resilience of Cambodian rural livelihoods and sub-national government system to climate risks and variability
Recommended 5,151,413 14,347,850 19,499,263 LDCF
3103 ADB, UNDP
Vietnam Promoting Climate Resilient Infrastructure in Northern Mountain Provinces of Vietnam
CEO Endorsed 3,850,000 145,270,000
149,120,000 SCCF-A
3243 World Bank
Philippines
Philippine Climate Change Adaptation Project
Under Implementation
5,782,700 50,580,000 56,362,700 SCCF-A
3299 UNDP Thailand Strengthening the Capacity of Vulnerable Coastal Communities to address the Risk of Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events
Under Implementation
1,000,000 2,744,772 3,744,772 SCCF-A
4340 UNDP Indonesia Strategic Planning and Action to Strengthen climate Resilience of rural Communities in Nusa Tenggara Timor province (SPARC)
CEO Endorsed 5,599,000 74,764,690 80,363,690 SCCF-A
4967 UNDP Philippines
Scaling up Risk Transfer Mechanisms for Climate Vulnerable Farming Communities in Southern Philippines
Council Approved 1,210,000 9,408,325 10,618,325 SCCF-A
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What is the Process for Funding?
Role of Country: Operational Focal PointRole of Implementing AgencyChoice of Financing ModalityGEF Agencies are responsible for pProject Cycle
OFPs endorse project proposals, confirming that these are consistent with national plans and priorities
In order to be reviewed by GEFSEC, a signed Letter of Endorsement from the OFP should be attached to each project proposal
OFPs facilitate national consultations, execution, as well as the coordination of LDCF/SCCF projects and programs
OFPs support M&E and knowledge sharing at the national level
Operational Focal Points (OFP)
GEF Agencies10 Multilateral Agencies GEF Agencies are responsible
for preparing and submitting project proposals for review and approval by GEFSEC and the LDCF/SCCF Council – as driven and endorsed by the recipient country, and in collaboration with CSOs and other stakeholders
Once a project proposal is approved, the Implementing Agency (IA) is responsible for its preparation, implementation, M&E, and performance
IA is responsible for submitting annual Project Implementation Reports (PIR), Mid-Term Reviews (MTR) and Terminal Evaluations (TE) to GEFSEC
Financing modalitiesFull-sized projects (FSP) – requesting financing above
$2 million. Approved by the LDCF/SCCF CouncilMedium-sized projects (MSP) – requesting financing
up to $2 million. Approved by the GEF CEO through a single step or two steps
Programmatic Approach (PA) – a program of projects with common objectives, aiming to achieve economies of scale and sustainability, improved horizontal and vertical integration, and greater opportunities to leverage partnerships and co-financing. Delegation of project approvals to eligible Agencies, such as the MDBs
Enabling Activities (EA) – NAPA preparation under the LDCF. Approved by the GEF CEO through single-step procedure. Direct access an option for EAs in GEF-5
Project cycle for FSPs: identification The country in collaboration with the IA and other
relevant stakeholders drives the development of the project
. The IA develops and submits a Project Identification Form (PIF) to GEFSEC. A Project Preparation Grant (PPG) may also be requested at this stage.
GEFSEC reviews the PIF within 10 business days. Once recommended by the Program Manager (PM) and cleared by the GEF CEO, the PIF is web-posted for review and approval by the LDCF/SCCF Council (in the case of the LDCF) or included in a Work Program for Council Approval (in the case of the SCCF)
If a PPG request has been approved, PPG is released upon Council Approval
Project cycle for FSPs: preparationProject preparation to be completed in a timely
manner – no later than 18 months after Council Approval of PIF. Request for CEO Endorsement (CER) submitted to GEFSEC
GEFSEC Reviews CER. Once recommended by PM and endorsed by GEF CEO, the project is ready for implementation
CER may be circulated for review by the LDCF/SCCF Council if (i) this has been requested at PIF Approval, or (ii) major changes to the project scope, approach or financing have been made
PIF: key considerationsEligibility: is the country eligible for financing
under the LDCF/SCCF?Country-drivenness: is the proposal endorsed
by the OFP, consistent with national plans and priorities (NAPA, National Communications, PRSP, etc.)?
Baseline project(s) and co-financing: are the baseline project(s) and the problem(s) they seek to address clearly described?
Additional cost reasoning: are the activities proposed for LDCF/SCCF financing based on additional cost reasoning?
Project cycle for MSPsTWO STEPSIf a PPG is requested, PIF approval is
required. MSP PIFs are approved by the GEF CEO. Project preparation completed and Request for CEO Approval (CAR) to be submitted no later than 12 months after approval of PIF.
ONE STEPIf no PPG is required, CAR may be submitted
directly for review and approval by GEFSEC and GEF CEO
Programmatic ApproachesPAs submitted by Qualified GEF Agencies (QGA):
Program Framework Document (PFD) submitted for GEFSEC review and CEO clearance. Posted for review and approval by the LDCF/SCCF Council (in the case of the LDCF) or included in a Work Program for Council Approval (in the case of the SCCF)
Once PFD is approved, QGA approves the project concepts that form part of the program following its own internal procedures
Upon preparation, CARs/CERs are submitted to GEFSEC for CEO endorsement (FSPs) or approval (MSPs) (no later than 18 months after Council Approval of PFD)
CER/CAR: key considerationsAlignment with PIF: is the proposal sufficiently
close to what was approved at PIF? Does it clarify and elaborate on the PIF, as requested by GEFSEC and the LDCF/SCCF Council?
Cost-effectiveness: has the cost-effectiveness been adequately demonstrated?
Sustainability and risk analysis: does the proposal clearly articulate how sustainability will be ensured, and relevant risks mitigated?
Co-financing: has the co-financing been confirmed?M&E, tracking: does the proposal include a
budgeted M&E plan? Has the Adaptation Monitoring and Assessment Tool (AMAT) been attached to the submission, with information for relevant indicators?
PFD: key considerationsIn addition to the elements to be considered in a PIF,
PFDs should provide adequate information of the following:
Added value of PA: does the program present opportunities to address the enabling environment, local investments and cross-cutting elements in a more comprehensive way than is currently possible through individual projects? What are the economies of scale?
Partnerships: does the PFD identify relevant partners? How will they contribute to the objectives of the program?
Knowledge management: how will best practices and lessons be shared among partners/countries/projects within the program and beyond?
Future Directions• Mainstreaming
adaptation across core development sectors
• Preparing the ground for long-term adaptation
• Expanding synergies with other GEF focal areas
• Enhanced private sector engagement
• Risk transfer and insurance
• Ecosystem-based adaptation
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Further ResourcesLDCF: http://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/
publication/23469_LDCF.pdf
SCCF:http://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/
publication/23470_SCCF.pdf
These publications will be updated and reissued in 2013
Bangkok, June 2013