Seeing is Believing: Encouraging Adoption of Rice Technologies through Frontline
Demonstrations in India
Dr. Shaik N.MeeraFederal Coordinator
Frontline Demonstrations on Rice – IndiaPresentation made at 4th International Rice Congress
Bangkok 2014
Demonstrate what?
Improvements Innovation
Cafeteria of options?
One FLD – many stakeholders
Aligning Technologies… to suit to farmers needs
About FLDs on Rice
Since 1990
Planning and coordinated by DRR
Implementation by AICRIP Centres
Macro-management scheme / National Food Security Mission of Federal Government of India
FLDs on Rice
Objectives
To demonstrate improved Crop Production Technologies of Rice on the farmers’ fields;
To popularize the newly notified and improved varieties/technologies for varietal diversification and efficient management of resources.
To bring synergy among planners, researchers, farmers and industry for parable interface through seminars/symposium on emerging themes of importance in the field of rice production for deciding strategies for development of these crops.
Financial Support
S. No.
Component Support per ha. USD
1 Cost of critical inputs (seeds/ fertilizers/manures/PP chemicals/ herbicides)to supplement the cultivation charges 112.50
2 Organization of Field Day 5.003 Display board and publicity material
(posters/pamphlets/leaflets etc.) 2.504 Visit of scientists excluding TA/DA, but
hiring of Taxi/POL etc 3.335 Contingencies/typing of results/ minutes etc 1.67
Total 125.00
Operational Flow Chart
SITE SELECTION
FLD FARMERS
CRITICAL INPUTS
TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION
FLDIN FARMERS’ FIELD
Funding AgencyMinistry of Agriculture
Govt. of India
DRR- ICAR
FLD COOPERATING CENTRE
SCIENTIST/ SUBJECT MATTER SPECIALIST
STATE DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE
PLANNING POLICY
TECHNOLOGY REFINEMENT
Repo
rting
Input suppliesCoordination
CON
STRA
INTS
FE
EDBA
CK
FEED
BAC
KFLDs on Rice
FLD Components
Identification of field problems
Plan FLDs– Farmers Participated – Extension Facilitated
Regular Visits
Well designed field boards
Club field days with field trips
HarvestQ & A and FGD
Scaling up
Documentation
FLDs on Rice: Reach
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Total0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
3000
700 622 700 300 600 600 485
70077500
1950 1555 17501000
1650 1663 1250
18318
Number of FLDs Number of Farmers benefitted
How many FLDs were conducted in each ecology
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
303
241
295.7
159.9
319 315
266
219 218.3
93.1
548054
128
35 42
169
7535
0 10 0 10 027
912
0 0 015 25
0 5 015
Irrigated Upland Shallow LowlandCoastal Midlands/ Saline Deep Water Hills & OthersSaline Flood prone
Mean Yield (t/ha)
Ecosystem 2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
Irrigated 5.54 6.21 5.09 5.70 6.08 6.26 5.54Upland 4.21 4.06 4.27 4.43 4.81 5.53 4.12Shallow Lowland 4.46 5.04 4.69 4.52 4.79 4.85 4.48
Coastal Midlands/ Saline
5.035.05
4.5 5.12
Deep Water 4.13 4.01 7.03Hills & Others 5.14 2.86 5.12 4.5Saline 5.05Flood prone 4.78
Mean Yield Advantage (t/ha)
Ecosystem 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Irrigated 16.63 20.11 11.80 19.34 15.47 28.45 24.25Upland 11.50 36.24 14.32 25.47 23.43 4.33 31.34Shallow Lowland 30.07 28.57 21.90 39.10 24.44 31.11 33.16Coastal Midlands/ Saline
33.18 43.05 59.52 83.77
Deep Water 11.42 38.27 14.98 2120Hills & Others 24.75 30.15 44.04 36.54Saline 13.69Flood prone 38.95
Problem addressed – Solutions provided
Problems addressed Percent
Yield advantage 79.7
Biotic stress 3.6
Abiotic stress 2.2
Nutrient Management 2.9
Weed Management 1.1
Organic farming 1.1
Resource Conservation 4.2
Labour saving technologies 4.2
Others 1.0
Total 100.0
Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Total0
50
100
150
200
250
31 28 27 30 25 27 33
201
Number of Promising Technologies
Number of Promising Technologies
Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
Year Some of the promising technologies
2006-07 PA-6444, PA-6129, PA-6201, Pusa RH -10, PHB-71, MTU 1001, MTU 1010, Jalashree, Gitesh, Jalkunwari, Prafulla, Improved management of saline soils
2007-08 PHB-71, CO RH-3, Karjat-5, KRH-2, Thanu, Shalimar Rice 1, Rajendra Mahsuri-1, Barani Deep, NDR 97, Vasumathi, NDRH-2, HUR 3022, SRI, Birsa Dhan 1, Birsamati, PA 6444, Shanti, Triguna, Krishnahamsa, Indira Sugandhit, Danteshwari, Indira sona, Geetesh, Use of plastic drum seeder, CO RH 3
2008-09 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Anjali, vandhana, Gitesh, Jalashree, Rajendra Sweta, Shalimar Rice- 1, PA 6444, Abhishek, Dhanrasi, KRH-4, Naveen + ICM, VL Dhan 85, NDR 2026, Nutrient management, Weed management, Organic farming, Plastic drum seeder
Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled upYear Some of the promising technologies
2009-10 Krishna Hamsa, Lugnilaphou, Rajendra Kasturi, Indira Sona, Sampada, Shalimar Rice -1, Pusa Sugandh-3, Anjali, Abhishek, BR 2655, Thanu, CoRH-3, Co (R) 48, PHB 71, HUR 105, Bidhan-1, NDR 8002, Direct wet seeding
2010-11 Improved Samba Mahsuri, CARI Dhan 5, Gayatri, Akshaydhan, CSR 27, GAR-13, Pusa Sugandh 3, Anjali, DRRH-2, PA 6444, BR 2655, MGD 101,PS5, RC Maniphou – 10, CO ( R ) 48, CO ( R ) 50, Narendra Usar Dhan 2008, PHB 71, HUR 105, VL Dhan 85, VL Dhan 65, Direct wet seeding using plastic drum seeder, SRI, Line transplanting, Mechanical Paddy transplanting
2011-12 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Indira Sona, Naveen, GR-12, DRRH-3, Pusa Sughandh-3, Rajendra Mahsuri, PA 6444, CR Dhan 40, Raksha, Akshayadhan, Danteswari, PS3, Karjat – 7, RC maniphou-11, CORH3, HUBR 2-1, PHB 71,Vallabh Basmati-22, VL Dhan 65, SRI, 8 row self propelled paddy transplanter
Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
Year Some of the promising technologies
2012-13 MTU 1075, Rajalaxmi, Chakralahi, Gitesh, Indira Sona, Indira Barani Dhan-1, GAR-1, SJR-5, Shalimar Rice-3 , Direct seeded Sahbhagidhan, CR Dhan-40, SIRI 1253, KRH 4 + SRI, KRH 4+ ICM, KRH Seed Production, Naveen, Karjat-7, RC Maniphou-11, HUR 105, HUR 46005, CO(R) 50, CORH 3, TRC 2005-1, Pratiksha, Problem Soil Management, SRI , Machine Transplanting, IPM in Rice
2013-14 MTU 1064 (Amara), Krishna, Indira Sona, KRH-3, HPR 1068, Palam Basmati 1, SJR-5, PHB 71, Sahbhagi dhan, CR Dhan 40, Abhisek, KRH 4, KRH 4 + drum seeding, KRH 4 + SRI, GGV-05-01, PS 5, RCManiphou10, Ajaya, Rajlaxmi, Mandakini, CO (R) 50 , Rice CO 51, TRC 2005-1 (Gomati Dhan), HUR-105 under INM, Shiats Dhan -1, VL Dhan 87, VL Dhan 82 ,Swarna sub1, Sabour Surbhit under SRI, Mechanical Transplanting, Mechanized paddy transplanters with ICM, Problem soil management, Nitrogen Management through use of leaf color chart
Linking Demonstrations to Market Size: Hybrid Rice Seeds sold in tonnes
Source: Singh et al. 2010. “Quality Seed For Food Security through PPP: Focus on Hybrid Rice”. A presentation made at the “National Seminar on- Quality Seed for Food Security through Public- Private Partnership”. 13-14 April 2010, IARI, New Delhi
2006 2007 2008 20090
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
700 900 900 90010001300
16002100
2500
3600
5500
7500
450700
12001500
8001300 1400
2000
250 350 400 500
Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Orissa Bihar Jharkhand Gujarat Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Karnataka West Bengal Assam
Meta analysis of FLDs:ProfitabilitySustainabilityContinued adoptionPeer Extension
Yield Gap Analysis
Indi
ra S
ona
DRRH
-3
PA 6
444
DRRH
-3
PA 6
444
PHB
71
DRRH
-3
Chhat -tisgarh
Gujarat Jharkhand Karnataka Uttar Pradesh
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
50.78
17.71
-2.61-10.68
0.16
31.0023.9624.46 20.16
88.24
1.64
27.08 2516.6
Yield Gap-IYield Gap-II
Indira Sona PA-6444, KRH-2 KRH-2 CORH 3 PHB 71 NDRH-2Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Karnataka Puducherry Uttar Pradesh
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.0073.47
0.16
54.81
-6.33
20.83
0.77
13.88
66.21
30.24
14.49
28.532.87 32.7 Yield Gap-I
Yield Gap-II
2011
2007
Implications from FLDs on Hybrid Rice
Focus of FLDs 2013-14
Abiotic Stress (Submergence)MTU 1064
Improving field productivity
Solving local problemsProblem soil management
Multi variety green manuring
Labour scarcityMachine transplanting
Drum seeding
Replacing local varieties in tribal areasCo ( R ) 50
Consumer preferences RC Maniphou - 10
2013-14 What did we try to address
Andhra Pradesh
Glimpses
Mechanical TransplantingMTU 1064
DSR
Chhattisgarh
Glimpses
Indira Sona
Jammu & Kashmir
Glimpses
PHB71Bispyribac
Jharkhand
Glimpses
CR Dhan 40Abhishek
Glimpses
Himachal PradeshHPR 1156
Palam Basmathi
Karnataka
Glimpses
KRH 4Mugad siri Organic
Glimpses
Madhya PradeshPS 5
Manipur
Glimpses
RC Maniphou 10
Odisha
Glimpses
AjayaRajlakshmiMandakini
Tamil Nadu
Dr. Robin, Department of Rice, TNAU, Coimbatore
CO R 50CORH 4
Tripura
Glimpses
Gomati Dhan
Uttar Pradesh
Dr. RP Singh; Dr. VK Srivastava – BHU VaranasiDr G Suresh Babu – AAI Allahabad
HUBR 10-9SHIATS Dhan-1
ISM
What did we learn ?FLDs on Rice
For an effective delivery strategy…..you need to answer 5 questions
Question 1FLDs on Rice
Whether mere Yield Advantages will lead to large scale adoption?
Addressing Profitability Issues
Micro level productivity- Macro level production
Institutional mechanism?
Question 2FLDs on Rice
Single plot Demonstrations lead to Conviction?
Cluster approach
Village /block/district level
Linking with private sector demonstrations
How to rope in more stakeholders?
Single hybrid demonstration to cafeteria of hybrids
Question 3FLDs on Rice
Scaling up options are adequate?
Follow up
Informing stakeholders OR Involving stakeholders
Pre-scaling up activities
Impact Indicators
Capacity building
Question 4FLDs on Rice
Prescriptive or Participatory Demonstrations ?
Resources – Test – Demonstrate- Adopt Model
Irrigated Vs Rainfed
Purpose of Rice Farming
Method of crop establishment
Ratio of farm wage – paddy price
Question 5FLDs on Rice
How to make learning effective using ICTs?
SMS Based Seed Stock Inventory System
Capturing videos – process demonstration
Demonstrations Mobile Video Conference
Participatory Video Production
Advisory services Mobile Alerts
Community Radio
Mobile Rural Forum
Existing Extension system
Exposure visit
Virtual Tours
CD DVD Players
FLDs on Rice
So what next?Transforming FLDs...
1
• Management practices & result areas under the different crop management
areas are interdependent & interrelated. They have a combined impact on yield,
grain quality, & environmental outcome.
Holistic, integrated crop management
Seed & variety selection
Land preparationCrop
establishment
Nutrient management
Pest management
Water management
Harvest management
Transforming FLDs into Ricecheck Program
India Rice Check program…Piloting AP
Acknowledgements
Ministry of Agriculture, Government of IndiaDr. JS SandhuDr. MC DiwakarDr. DP Mallik
Dr. V. Ravindra Babu, Director DRRDr. BC Viraktamath, Former Director DRR
ICAR institutes, SAUs, KVKs and Departments of Agriculture
FLD farmers
Dr. Noel Magor, Head, TC, IRRI
All those directly or indirectly connected with FLD program
FLD data is available online
www.fld.rkmp.co.in
Thank you