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Evaluating Collection Spaces
I M A G E P E R M A N E N C E I N S T I T U T E | A U G U S T 1 5 , 2 0 1 9 T R A I N I N G S U S T A I N A B L E E N V I R O N M E N T A L M A N A G E M E N T T E A M S F O R C U LT U R A L I N S T I T U T I O N S
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Today’s Webinar
▶ Funding provided by the National Endowment for the Humanities Education and Training grant
▶ Series I: Environmental Management
▶ Series II: Environmental Data Analysis
▶ January 23, 2020
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IPI is an academic research center in the College of Art and
Design at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) dedicated to
supporting the preservation of cultural heritage collections in
libraries, archives, and museums around the world.
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Your Presenters
Kelly M. Krish
Preventive
Conservation
Specialist
Christopher Cameron
Sustainable
Preservation
Specialist
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Questions Feedback
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Environmental Management: Phases
▶ Set-up
▶ Understand the problem
▶ Why is the environment important?
▶ Assemble documentation
▶ Build team
▶ Define objective
▶ Deploy instrumentation
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Assemble Documentation
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Levels of Control
Policies/Procedures
Location/Site
Building
Room
Storage Housing
Object
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Building and Room Envelopes
▶ Heat loads and sources of moisture:▶ Solar load
▶ Transmission through exterior
▶ Infiltration from surrounding spaces
▶ Openings (windows, doors, holes, structural design)
▶ Construction materials
▶ Presence of insulation, vapor barriers
▶ Within space (lights and electronics, people)
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Types of Collection Spaces
▶ Exhibition
▶ Storage areas
▶ Cold storage
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Understanding Mechanical
System
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HVAC Systems
Forced Air System
Air Handling Unit
Boiler
Air Conditioner
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Inside a unit
Cooling Coil Heating Coil
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Downstream Equipment
Humidifiers Reheats
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Supply Vents or
Diffusers
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Return Vents or
Grilles
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Best tool for determining air flow
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Supply and Return Issues
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Thermostats
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There should be free airflow to all thermostats
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Heating
Radiators
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Helpful Tools
Non-contact Digital Laser Infrared Thermometer
Temperature Gun
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Helpful Tools
IR Camera
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Helpful Tools: Zone Maps
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Zoning issues
▶ Multiple units that serve one space
▶ One air handling unit serving both occupied spaces and
collection spaces is not recommended
▶ Directors office, restrooms, galleries, server rooms, etc.. tied with
collection spaces
▶ Staff offices in collection spaces
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Human Comfort Control Issues
Human comfort requires different conditions than collections
Human comfort, according to ASHRAE: ▶ 68-75°F in the winter
▶ 75-80°F in the summer
Collections need cooler conditions
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Define Objective
Data Analysis
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An optimal storage environment is one that achieves the best possible preservation of collections with the least possible consumption of energy, and is sustainable over time.
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Extremes
▶ What: highs and lows of temperature and relative humidity
beyond what is usually experienced in the space
▶ Where: unconditioned spaces, lack of environmental
controls, areas with additional loads, change in operation
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Extremes
▶ How to Identify:
▶ Reports from staff
▶ Temp gun
▶ IR camera
▶ Environmental data
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Extremes▶ Consequences: Accelerated chemical deterioration,
increased risk of other forms of damage; operational costs
▶ Mitigation: Depends on cause▶ Secure building and room envelope
▶ Reduce moisture loads (landscaping, outside air)
▶ Reduce heating and cooling loads▶ Use shades, etc.
▶ Remove occupancy
▶ Reduce lighting
▶ Relocate/ buffer sensitive materials
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Harmful Microclimates
▶ What: The climate of a very small or
restricted area that differs from the
climate of the surrounding area
▶ Where: By supply diffusers, within
compact shelving, against exterior
walls/windows, inside containers, etc.
▶ Any place where differences exist
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Harmful Microclimates
▶ How to Identify:
▶ Reports from staff
▶ Temp gun
▶ IR camera
▶ Environmental data
▶ Anemometer
▶ Moisture meter
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Harmful Microclimates
▶ Consequences: Mold outbreaks can
occur, increased risk of other forms of
damage; operational costs
▶ Mitigation: Depends on cause▶ Arrange boxes and storage furniture to
promote air mixing▶ Identify and eliminate sources of
dampness▶ Relocate/ buffer sensitive materials
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Sustainability ▶ Depends on:
▶ Local Climate
▶ Building Envelope
▶ Mechanical System
▶ Collection Needs
▶ Institution’s Goals
▶ Achievable with:
▶ Knowledge of Collections
▶ Team Approach
▶ Reliable Data
▶ Experimentation
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Outdoor vs. Desired Conditions
Temperature Dew Point
High temperatures High moisture
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Influence of Building Envelope
Temperature Dew Point
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Influence of Mechanical System
Temperature Dew Point
Cooling
Heating
Dehumidification
Humidification
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Effects of Heating LoadsTemperature
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Build Team
Evaluate Options
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Risk Management: Teamwork
Team members:
▶ Those who create the environment (Facilities staff)
▶ Those responsible for preservation of collections (Collections staff)
▶ Those who work in and around collections (Curatorial, Interpretation)
▶ Those responsible for administration and finances (Administration, Finance)
▶ Those who direct the sustainability mission and goals (Sustainability officers)
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Risk Management: Control
▶ Policies/Procedures
▶ Location/Site
▶ Building
▶ Room
▶ Storage Unit
▶ Object
▶ Avoid
▶ Block
▶ Reduce
▶ Detect
▶ Respond
Levels of Control Methods of Control
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Risk Management: Control
▶ Building
▶ Respond
Levels of Control Methods of Control
▶ Room
▶ Storage Unit
▶ Object
▶ Detect
▶ Reduce
▶ Block
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Risk Management: Options
Factors to consider:
▶ Timeframe
▶ Cost
▶ Impact
▶ Sequence/relationship with other options
▶ Goals/priorities preservation plan
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Institute Actions
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DO:
▶ Assemble Documentation
▶ Collections
▶ Building Envelope
▶ Mechanical System and Downstream Equipment
▶ Build team
▶ Define objective
▶ Deploy instrumentation
▶ Begin data collection, analysis
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DO NOT:
▶ Institute certain actions without awareness of the consequences
▶ Open windows
▶ Install window A/C unit
▶ Arbitrarily lower temperatures
▶ More outside air/economizer
▶ 2012 Energy Conservation Code recommends an economizer to be capable of supplying 100% outside air
▶ 5°F temperature dead band
▶ Can lead to significant change in RH
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Advocacy
With effective team management, you can:
▶ Define realistic, sustainable preservation and operational goals
▶ Reduce operational inefficiencies
▶ Reduce the number of human comfort calls
▶ Improve communication and understanding between collection and facility staff
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Advocacy: Collections
Experiences Metrics
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Advocacy: Institution
▶ Mission
▶ Research
▶ Outreach
▶ Professionalism
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Advocacy: Financial
▶ Preventive vs. Interventive
▶ Sustainability
▶ Prioritization
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Other Challenges
▶ Dedicated funding
▶ Phased approach
▶ Grants
▶ Equipment loans
▶ Staff time
▶ Shared responsibilities
▶ Less time spent on repeated issues
▶ Other
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Conclusions ▶ Documentation
▶ Building
▶ Mechanical system and equipment
▶ Layout
▶ Defining Objective, Data Analysis
▶ Extremes and microclimates
▶ Capabilities of climate, envelope, system
▶ Evaluate Options
▶ Levels and methods of control
▶ Institute Actions
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Thank you!
K E L LY M . K R I S H | P R E V E N T I V E C O N S E R V AT I O N S P E C I A L I S T | K M K P P H @ R I T. E D U
https://ipisustainability.org
https://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/
C H R I S T O P H E R C A M E R O N | S U S T A I N A B L E P R E S E R V AT I O N S P E C I A L I S T | C M C P P H @ R I T. E D U
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