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Introduction to ISO 14001, Global
Environmental Issues, MEAs and
Legislation
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What is ISO?
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What is ISO?
International Organization for
Standardization
Network of the national standards
institutes of 160 + countries
One member per country
Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland
Non-governmental organization
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What is ISO?
ISO occupies a special position between the
public and private sectors. This is because, on
the one hand, many of its member institutes
are part of the governmental structure of theircountries, or are mandated by their
government. On the other hand, other
members have their roots uniquely in the
private sector, having been set up by national
partnerships of industry associations.
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What is ISO?
Therefore, ISO is able to act as a bridgingorganization in which a consensus can bereached on solutions that meet both the
requirements of business and the broaderneeds of society, such as the needs ofstakeholder groups like consumers and users.
Develops only those standards required by the
market More than 18000 standards developed so far
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Related Standards
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What is ISO 14000?
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ISO 14000
A family of standards structured by the ISOthat address various aspects ofenvironmental management. First
standards published in 1996. The series is made up of documents related
to EMS (i.e., ISO 14001 and ISO 14004) anddocuments related to environmentalmanagement tools (i.e., all other ISO 14000series documents).
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
ISO 14015: Environmental assessment of
sites and organizations
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
ISO 14020: Environmental Labels and
Declarations related
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Environmental Declarations
Nokia : Planet ke rakhwale
Nerolac : Low VOC
Lead free paints from Asian Paints
Pepsi: Water Positive
Reliance EnergyUse of flyash for brick
making in their premises at Dahanu Plant
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Environmental Labels
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
ISO 14031: Environmental performance
evaluation related
ISO 14040: Life Cycle Assessment related
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Other standards of the ISO
14000 family
ISO 14050: Environmental Management:
Vocabulary
ISO 14060: Environmental Aspects in
product standards
ISO 14064 and 65: GHG related
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Standards of the ISO in draft
stage
ISO 14006: Guidelines on eco-design
ISO 14051: Material flow cost accounting
ISO 14045: Eco-efficiency assessment ISO 14026: Integrating environment aspects
into product design
ISO 14066: Green house gas competencyrequirement
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Objectives of ISO 14000
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Objectives of ISO 14000
To provide a framework for an overall strategicapproach to an organization's environmentalpolicy, plans and actions.
To help an organization of any size or type to
control the impact of its activities, productsand services on the environment.
To enable a structured approach to settingenvironmental objectives and targets, to
achieving them and to demonstrating thatthey have been achieved.
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Objectives of ISO 14000
To make environmental management aproactive exercise and show that a strategicapproach can bring higher return oninvestment in environment related measures.
To establish a common approach toenvironmental management systems that isinternationally recognized, leading to
improved environmental protection andreducing barriers to international trade.
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Driving Forces for SelfRegulation
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Driving Forces for Self
Regulation International agreements
Increasing Competition
Green Consumerism
Public Pressures Resource optimization
Stricter environmental laws and regulations
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Management of Environment
Sustainable development
Meeting the needs of the present generation
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
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Management of Environment
Definition of Environment
The surroundings in which an organizationoperates including air, water, land, natural
resources, flora, fauna, humans and theirinterrelation
"environment" includes water, air and landand the inter- relationship which exists among
and between water, air and land, and humanbeings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property
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Management of Environment
Global Environmental issues
Global warming
Ozone depletion
Disappearance of tropical forests
Dwindling varieties of wildlife
Marine Pollution
Transboundary movement of Hazardous Waste
Desertification
Acid Rain
Environmental Pollution in economically developingcountries
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Management of Environment
Global warming
Global warming is a process in which the surfacetemperature of the Earth rises because of the
"greenhouse effect." The greenhouse effect is caused byan increase in greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide,methane, chlorofluorocarbons, etc.), which we produceas we go about our daily life.
The results of global warming are predicted to be highersea levels, as the seawater expands from the heat, andharsh climatic changes. These changes are expected toexert a big effect on agriculture and ecosystems.
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Management of Environment
Ozone Layer Depletion
Ozone is a natural gas that exists in large quantities in thestratosphere, which is one of the upper layers of the Earth'satmosphere. There, ozone works to protect life on earth by
absorbing ultraviolet rays and other harmful rays from the sun. Thisozone layer is steadily being destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons,halons and other ozone-depleting substances in the atmosphere.
As the ozone layer is destroyed, more harmful ultraviolet rays reachthe Earth's surface. This causes skin cancer, cataracts and otherhealth problems and may exert dangerous effects on plankton,agricultural products and all kinds of plants and animals.
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Management of Environment
Acid Rain
Since the industrial revolution, we have been using large quantitiesof oil, coal and other fossil fuels. The combustion (burning) of fossilfuels generates large amounts of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.
Acid rain is rain (or mist) that has picked up these oxides, whichhave been released into the atmosphere, and deposits them on theground.
In Europe and North America, acid rain and acidification of the soilis promoting the disappearance of forests and the deterioration ofhistorical ruins and other structures. The acidification of lakes andmarshes there is causing the extinction of certain fishes and havingother ill effects.
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Management of Environment
Disappearance of tropical forests
Tropical forests are an important source of lumber. At the sametime, tropical forests serve the vital role of being wildlife habitatsand of absorbing and storing carbon dioxide, which is the main
cause of global warming. It is estimated that about 1,540 hectaresof tropical forest disappear each year, because of large-scale, slash-and-burn agricultural practices and logging for commercialpurposes.
The disappearance of tropical forests is raising concerns about thelarge-scale extinction of certain species of wild life, the destructionof ecosystems, and effects on global warming.
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Management of Environment
Dwindling variety of wildlife
There are about 1.75 million species of wild lifeon this planet that have been verified
scientifically. The actual number of species couldbe 10 million or maybe even more than 100million! But the destruction of wildlife habitatsby human activity and the indiscriminatecatching and killing of wildlife is causing a sharpdecline in the number of wild plants and animalson this planet. This trend is causing concernregarding the loss of precious gene pools andchanges in ecosystems.
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Management of Environment
Marine Pollution
Pollution of the Earth's oceans and seas isgetting worse. Pollutants are flushed down riversand streams, and oil spills into the water whentankers and other ships collide and through off-shore drilling and other marine resourcedevelopment. This pollution exerts harmfuleffects on fish and birds, and the resultant "redtides" cause problems for fisheries.
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Management of Environment
Transboundary movement of Hazardous Waste
Expanded human activity has brought with it an increasein the volume of waste generated. The cost for handling
this waste has also skyrocketed. This has ledindustrialized nations to take some of their waste,including recyclable waste, to developing countries. Butthis waste also contains toxic substances. When thewaste is not properly treated, it pollutes the rivers,
groundwater and soil of these economically developingcountries and becomes an international problem.
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Management of Environment
Desertification
Desertification (the changing of productive land intobarren land) occurs for various reasons: When regions
dry out because of a decrease in rainfall caused byclimatic changes; when land is over-cultivated,overgrazed or too many trees are taken for firewood,because of increasing populations in economicallydeveloping countries; when land is not given enoughtime to rest between plantings and becomes barren; and
other reasons.Today, desertification effects about one-fourth of theEarth's land surface and about one-sixth of its humanpopulation (or 900 million people).
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Management of Environment
Environmental Pollution in developing countries
In economically developing countries, transportation
facilities, sewers, waste treatment facilities and otherparts of the basic infrastructure cannot keep pace withthe rapid increase in population and the tremendousinflux of people into cities. Also, anti-pollution measuresat factories and other places are often insufficient,
resulting in a deterioration of the general hygiene and aworsening of air, water and other forms of pollution.
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Management of Environment
International Treaties/Conventions
Stockholm Conference (1972)
Montreal Protocol (1987)
Basel Convention (1989)
Rio Summit (1992)
Kyoto Protocol (1997)
Johannesburg Summit (2002)
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Management of Environment
Environmental Governance
MOEF
CPCB
MPCB
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Management of Environment
National Environmental Policy
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Management of Environment
Environmental Legislation in India
The Water (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Act, 1974 (1988)
The Water (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Cess Act, 1977(1992, 2003)
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1981 (1987)
The Environment Protection Act, 1986 (1991)
The Environment Protection Rules, 1986(1998,99,2001,02,03,04,06, .)
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Management of Environment
Coastal Regulation Zone (30 notifications)
Delegation of powers (16 notifications)
Eco-mark scheme (2 notifications)
Eco-sensitive Zone (10 notifications) Environmental Clearance (1994, 2006)
Environmental Labs (1 amendment)
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Management of Environment
Hazardous Substances Management
The batteries (Management and Handling)Rules, 2001(2010)
The Municipal Solid Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 2000
The Recycled Plastics Manufacture and UsageRules, 1999 (2003)
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Management of Environment
The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996
The Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import,
Export and Storage of Hazardousmicroorganisms, genetically engineeredorganisms or cells (1989)
MSIHC Rules, 1989 (2000)
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Management of Environment
The Hazardous Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 1989 (2000, 2003, 2008,2009)
The Bio-medical Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 1998 (2003)
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control), 2000(2000, 2002)
ODS (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 The E-Waste Rules (2011)
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Management of Environment
PLI Act, 1991 (1993) and rules (and 5notifications)
The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960
The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (1993, 2002) The Indian Forest Act, 1927
The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 (1988)
The Biodiversity Act, 2002
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60s: Environmental awareness- Dilution as asolution to pollution
70s: End of pipe approach
Early 80s: Pollution prevention Mid 80s: EMS and Environmental audits
Early 90s: Cleaner production
1996: ISO 14001
2000 onwards: Other environmental managementtools
46
Changes in Environmental
Management Practice
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ISO 14001 certifications - India
Asian Paints
Siemens
Hindalco
RCF NTPC
J & J
Xerox (India) Ltd
Pepsico
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ISO 14001 certifications - India
Cipla
Akzo Nobel
Behr (India) Ltd
Aquapharm Chemicals Infosys
Railway Workshop, Matunga
DMRC
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ISO 14001 certifications - India
Company Name: Vidya Ply & Board Pvt. Ltd. (U.P.)
Scope: Manufacture and Supply of Ply, Board andFlush Doors
Company Name: Aryan Institute of TechnicalEducation (Faridabad) ScopeProviding technicaleducation (fashion designing, textile designing,interior designing, apparel merchandising,
garment production technology). Company Name: Infosys, Development Centres in
Pune, Chennai, Bangalore, Bhubaneshwar,Hyderabad, Mangalore, Mohali, Mysore
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Who Certifies?
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Who Certifies?
Certifying bodies
DNV
TUV
ICS
BVI
IRQS
NVT Quality Certification LRQA
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ISO 14001 certification
Accreditation bodies
National Accreditation Board for CertificationBodies
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ISO 14001 certification
Audits before certification
Certification audit
Surveillance audits
Re-certification audits
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All our sites in all countries will be certified to
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All our sites in all countries will be certified to
ISO 14001 in the next three years
IBM Sulzer
Kodak
3M ABB
Vedanta
Arcelor
Toyota
Ford
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q pp
submit themselves to the EMS process which
means we will no longer accept those who have not
been certified
55
Toyota
GM
Siemens Shell
Nokia
Canon
LG
Many more
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What is an EMS?
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Environmental Management
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Environmental Management
System
Based on the Plan Do Check Act (PDCA Cycle)
Part of an organizations management systemused to develop and implement its environmentalpolicy and manage its environmental aspects
A management system is a set of interrelatedelements used to establish policy and objectivesand to achieve those objectives
A management system includes organizationalstructure, planning activities, responsibilities,practices, procedures, processes and resources
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Features of ISO 14001
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Features of ISO 14001
The ISO 14001 is .
58
Consensus driven Applicable industry-wide
Voluntary
The ISO 14001 does not .
specify levelsof
environmental performance
replace legislativeand
regulatory requirements
set performance
standardsbut management
standards.
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Critical factors
Top Management Commitment
Employee involvement at all levels
Integration into overall management function
59
Success of an EMS depends on...
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Critical factors
Constraints of time and resources
Insufficient support from top management.
Uncertainty about the intent of ISO 14001.
Reservations about added documentation and
paperwork.
60
Common barr iers
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Inter facing the process w ith
cu rrent operat ions
Production processes
Stores
Utilities
Finance and Administration
Planning and development
Management and marketing61
The EMS concerns virtually all business and managementactivities within any enterprise:
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Environmental Management
System
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63
A PPolicy
Planning
Implementation
and Operation
Checking
ManagementReview
ContinualImprovement
EMS
Elements
DC
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Who w il l do i t?
Possibilities
A high-level environmental management group entrusted
with the full range of issues to be covered by the EMS
Each operating or functional division having its own
organization and system for the management of
environmental issues relevant to that division, working in
coordination
External consultant
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65
Developing an Environmental
Policy
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Wh t i E i t l
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What is an Environmental
Policy?
66
a statement by the organization
of its intentions and principles inrelation to its overall
environmental performance..."
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What is an Environmental Policy?
The Policy
provides a framework for action
lends an overall sense of direction
serves as foundation of the EMS
serves as a reference point for revisiting
strategies, plans and actions.
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Initial
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68
Environmental
Policy
Planning
Implementation
and OperationChecking
ManagementReview
ContinualImprovement
Environmental
Review
The EMS Cycleas per ISO 14001
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EMS and ISO 14001
Environmental Policy
Defined by top management
Nature, scale and environmental impacts
Commitment to continual improvement and
prevention of pollution
Commitment to comply with legal and other
requirements
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EMS and ISO 14001
Environmental Policy (cont..)
Framework for objectives and targets
Documented, implemented, maintained and
communicated
Available to public
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF ASIAN
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF ASIAN
PAINTS (I) PLANTS We consider compliance to statutory EHS requirements as the minimum
performance standard and are committed to go beyond and adopt stricter
standards wherever appropriate.
We shall focus on resource optimisation and waste minimisation. We believe
that these measures will help in sustainable development.
We are committed to Continual Improvement in the area of EHS. We will give priority and attention to health & safety of employees.
We will impart training to all employees to institutionalise EHS values
throughout the company.
We will encourage sharing of information & communication of our EHS
management system with the stakeholders.
We will educate customers and the public on safe use of our products.
Ashwin Choksi
ChairmanMumbai
10th May 2004.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF XYZ
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF XYZ
PharmaceuticalsXYZ Pharmaceuticals believes that it is our prime responsibility to take care of the environment inwhich we live and operate. Hence proactive initiatives are taken by us to look into the
environment aspects and impacts in our organization. To achieve this,
We shall be committed to comply with the statutory regulations wherever possible,
economically viable and convenient.
We shall focus on waste minimization, reuse and recycle technology in our operations.
We shall ensure that the hazardous waste is handled and disposed off as per the Hazardous
Waste Management(Handling and Disposal) rules 2000.
We shall conduct training programs for all our employees to educate them on the
environment impacts due to various activities pertaining to every division in the organization
and also train them on how to mitigate them.
Our environment policy shall be communicated to all the employees and public on demand.
Signed By:
Mr. Paryavaran Vichare
Junior Officer - Environment
12.07.2012
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Aspects & Impacts
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E i t l
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74
Environmental
Policy
PlanningEnvironmental aspects
Legal and otherrequirements
Objectives, targetsand programs
Implementationand Operation
Checking andCorrective Action
ManagementReview
ContinualImprovement
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Defining Environmental
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Defining Environmental
aspects and impacts
75
An Environmental Aspect * ...
an "element of an organization's
activities, products and services that
can interact with the environment
* as per standard
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Defining Environmental
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Defining Environmental
aspects and impacts
76
An Environmental Impact * ...
...any change to the environment,
whether adverse or beneficial, wholly
or partially resulting from an
organization's activities, products andservices."
* as per standard
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Properties of Environmental
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Aspects and Impacts
77
Ac t iv i ty 1
Aspect 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 3
Impact 1 ImpactsImpact 2
Aspects are neutral
Impacts may be negat ive or posi t ive
Aspects
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Aspects and Impacts
78
Enlist a few aspects and impacts associated with the
following
Laundry
Office
Institute canteen
* as per standard
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79
Power
Consumption
Water
consumption
ResourceConsumption
Water , soil
pollution
ASPECTS IMPACTSACTIVITY
Paper, plasticpackaging of
clothes Solid waste generation
Resource Consumption
Use of
chemicals
VOC emissions
Health risks
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80
ASPECTS IMPACTSACTIVITY
Paper, supplies
consumption
Use of inks,
carbon,
solvents
Electricity
consumption
Solid waste
generation
Resource
depletion
Toxic wastes
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p p
and impacts
81
Department or functionwise
Team formation
Inputs, outputs, wastes
Data gathering
Aspect identification, various scenarios
Impact identification and significance
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EMS and ISO 14001
82
Planning
Environmental Aspects
Identification of environmental aspects Control and influence
New developments, activities, products,services Significant impacts Significant impacts to be considered in setting
objectives Up to date Reckoned in establishing, implementing and
maintaining EMS
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83
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
EMERGENCY
Use of pesticides,
weedicides
Spills, leakage of
chemicals
Regular fertilizer
application
Soil, groundwater pollution
Soil, ground
water pollution
Health risks
Soil, water pollution
Long term health risk
Damage to native
communities
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EMS and ISO 14001
84
Planning
Legal and other requirements
Identification and access to legal andother requirements
Determine how these requirements applyto its environmental aspects
Reckoned in establishing, implementing
and maintaining EMS
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EMS and ISO 14001
85
Planning
Objectives, Targets and programs
Documented objectives and targets at relevantlevels and functions
Measurable where practicable
Consistent with the environmental policy
Consideration to
Legal and other requirements Significant environmental aspects
Technological options
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EMS and ISO 14001
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Planning
Objectives, Targets and programs (Cont..)
Financial, Operational and business requirements
Views of interested parties
Programs for achieving objectives and targets
Responsibility
Means and time frame
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Costs and effortsEnvironmentalManagement Approaches
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Low hanging fruit
Low Cost, Easy to Implement
Costand
Levelof
Effort
Process and Equipment Change
Techniques
Design for Environment
Input Material Changes
Resource Conservation
Recycle, Reuse and Recovery
Improved Operating Procedures
Housekeeping
Management Approaches
High Cost, Strategic Advantage
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Sustainability path to shareholder value
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EMS and ISO 14001
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EMS and ISO 14001
89
Corporate Environmental Goals (3M): 2000-05 G R
Reduce volatile air emissions indexed to net sales 25%
61%
Reduce U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ToxicRelease Inventory Releases (TRI) indexed to net sales
50 64
Improve energy efficiency (energy use indexed to netsales)
20 27
Reduce waste indexed to net sales
25 30Double the number of Pollution Prevention Pays (3P)projects from the previous five-year period from 194 to400 projects
400 1262
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Environmental Performance:
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90
Environmental Performance:
Dr. Reddys
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Sustainability Program 2008 -
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11: Deutsche Bank
91
To expand the range of sustainable products offered
To carry out further measures against climate
change
To further reduce our carbon footprint
To expand steering instruments, particularly in thefield of corporate ecology
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Activity Aspect Objective Target
Laundry Excessive water
use
Reduce water
consumption
By 20% in one
year starting
Jan 2007
Impact
Increased
consumption
of raw water
Wastewater
generation
Indicator for targetwater consumption in cum per ton of production
Actions
Repair and maintenance of equipment
Use of water efficient equipment
Rationalization of operations through training of staff
Policy : To
Conservewater
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EMS d ISO 14001
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EMS and ISO 14001
Implementation and Operation
Resources, Roles, Responsibility and Authority
Competence, Training and Awareness
Communication
Documentation
Control of Documents
Operational Control Emergency Preparedness and Response
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EMS d ISO 14001
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EMS and ISO 14001
What typically can be monitored and
measured?
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Checking
Monitoring and measurement(examples of what can be M & M)
Quantity of raw material or energy used
Quantity of emissions like CO2
Waste produced per quantity of finishedproduced
Process efficiencies Number of environmental incidents (like
excursions above limits)
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Checking
Monitoring and measurement(examples of what can be M & M)
Number of environmental accidents (likeunplanned releases)
Percentage waste recycled
Percentage recycled material used in packaging
Quantities of specific pollutants emitted
Investment in environmental protection Number of prosecutions / notices
Green belt
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Checking
Evaluation of compliance
Periodic evaluation of compliance with applicablelegal requirements
Records of results
Evaluation of compliance with other requirements
Records of results
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Checking
Evaluation of compliance
Variousmethods
Audits
Document and / or record review
Facility inspections
Interviews
Routine sample analysis or test results and/ or
verification sampling / testing Facility tour and/or direct observation
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Checking
Nonconformity, CAPA
What is a non conformity?
What is a corrective action?
What is a preventive action?
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An effluent treatment plant receives effluentpumped from four processes. The effluents arecollected in an underground sump near the ETPand pumped to the first unit in the ETP. There is a
storm water drain near the sump which leads toagricultural fields in the vicinity. On a particularday you find that the pump is not working and thesump is over flowing with effluent reaching the
field through the storm water drains. Is this a non-conformity? Why?
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You call up maintenance, the maintenance personarrives on the scene and within minutes thepump is set working, the level in the undergroundsump recedes and effluent is now pumped to ETP
for treatment. Would you call this a correctiveaction or preventive action?
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Checking
Nonconformity, CAPA Dealing with actual and potential nonconformities
Corrective and preventive action
Identification and correction
Mitigation of impacts
Investigation, cause, avoid recurrence
Need and action to avoid occurrence
Recording results of CAPA Reviewing effectiveness of CAPA
Appropriate to magnitude
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Checking
Control of Records Establish and maintain records
Conformity with EMS and ISO 14001requirements
Results
Identification, storage, protection, retrieval,retention and disposal
Legible, identifiable, traceable
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Checking
Control of Records (Examples)
Complaint
Training
Process monitoring
Inspection, maintenance, calibration
Pertinent contractor and supplier records
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Checking
Control of Records (Examples)
Incident
Tests for emergency preparedness
Audit results
Management review results
External communication decision
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Checking
Control of Records (Examples)
Envrionmental Performance information
Legal compliance records
Communications with interested parties
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Checking
Internal Audit
Internal EMS audits at planned intervals
Conformance to planned arrangements includingISO 14001
Proper Implementation and maintenance
Information to management on audit results
Audit program based on environmentalimportance of operation, results of previousaudits
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Management Review (contd)
Outputs
Decisions and actions
Environmental Policy
Objectives and targets
Other elements of EMS
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