510 Thornall Street, Suite 170
Edison, NJ 08837
Phone: 732-590-0122
Fax: 732-590-0129
Energy Audit
Prepared For:
Township of Willingboro
Contact: Cedric Minter
Facilities Supervisor
Prepared By:
Dome – Tech, Inc.
Prepared Under the Guidelines of the State of NJ Local Government Energy Audit Program
December 2010
510 Thornall Street, Suite 170Edison, NJ 08837
Tel: 732.590.0122Fax: 732.590.0129
www.dome-tech.com
Commissioning HVAC Performance Testing Energy Audits Project Management
Retro-Commissioning Facility Management Consulting Energy Procurement
TOWNSHIP OF WILLINGBOROENERGY AUDIT REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Executive Summary
2. ECM Summary By Payback
3. Energy Audit Report Energy Audit Purpose & Scope Historic Energy Consumption Facility Description Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Energy Conservation Measures Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures Energy Procurement Notes and Assumptions Operations & Maintenance Next Steps
4. Appendix Portfolio Manager/Energy Star Facilities Total Annual Energy Use Equipment & Lighting Inventory Lists ECM Lists ECM Costs & Calculations Renewables Calculations
Page 2
510 Thornall Street, Suite 170 Edison, NJ 08837
Tel: 732.590.0122 Fax: 732.590.0129
www.dome-tech.com
Commissioning HVAC Performance Testing Energy Audits Project Management
Retro-Commissioning Facility Management Consulting Energy Procurement
December 22, 2010 Mr. Cedric Minter, Facilities Supervisor Township of Willingboro 1 Salem Road Willingboro, New Jersey 08046 Re: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FOR TOWNSHIP OF WILLINGBORO STATE OF NEW JERSEY LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENERGY AUDIT Dear Mr. Minter: Dome-Tech was retained by the Township of Willingboro, as a pre-qualified participant in the Local Government Energy Audit Program, to perform an energy audit. The objective of the energy audit was to evaluate the borough’s energy consumption, establish baselines for energy efficiency and identify opportunities to reduce the amount of energy used and/or its cost. The scope of the audit is standardized under the Program, and consisted of the following:
Benchmarking historic energy consumption utilizing EPA Energy Star’s Portfolio Manager
Characterizing building use, occupancy, size, and construction
Providing a detailed equipment list including estimated service life and efficiency
Identifying and quantifying energy conservation measures (ECMs)
Evaluating the economic viability of various renewable/distributed energy technologies
Performing a utility tariff analysis and assessing savings potential from energy procurement strategies
Providing the method of analyses Based upon revised data received for the period September 2009 – August 2010, the Township had an annual expenditure of:
Electricity: 1,621,203 kWh at a total cost of $264,378.21
Natural Gas: 122,792 therms at a total cost of $134,046.10 The following eight (8) buildings were evaluated:
Willingboro Municipal Building at 1 Salem Road, Willingboro, NJ – 31,130 SF
Emergency Squad/ Fire Station #161 at 398 Charleston Road, Willingboro, NJ – 7,560 SF
Fire Station #162 at 201 Sunset Road, Willingboro, NJ – 7,500 SF
Fire Station #163 at 603 Beverly Rancocas Road, Willingboro, NJ – 8,344 SF
Kennedy Center at 429 John F. Kennedy Way, Willingboro, NJ – 189,950 SF
Willingboro Public Library at 200 Willingboro Way, Willingboro, NJ – 45,000 SF
Public Works Garage #1 at 25 Industrial Drive, Willingboro, NJ – 6,004 SF
Public Works Garage #2 at 25 Industrial Drive, Willingboro, NJ – 5,490 SF Please refer to Section 2 of this report for a detailed list of identified Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs), along with a summary of their preliminary economics (estimated project cost, estimated annual energy savings, applicable rebate(s), etc.) In this report, all identified ECMs are ranked and presented
Page 3
“Building Performance - Delivered”
according to their simple payback; however, please note that the master ECM table can also be sorted by building, by measure type, etc. If all identified ECMs were to be implemented, they would provide the following estimated benefits to Township of Willingboro:
Total annual electrical savings: 790,775 kilowatt-hours; 48%
Total annual natural gas savings: 42,355 therms of natural gas usage; 34%
Total annual cost savings: $167,715; 42%
Total annual CO2 emissions reduction: 509 tons
Total net estimated implementation cost: $722,425
Total average simple payback: 4.3 years The projects that are recommended for implementation (at all facilities) include: Upgrading the Building Management System (BMS), upgrading the lighting, installing vending machine power management devices, and implementing energy awareness programs. The Township’s data was entered into the US EPA ENERGY STAR’s Portfolio Manager database program. Buildings with scores of 75 or higher may qualify for the ENERGY STAR Building Label. The buildings were not eligible for an Energy Star score. The average Source EUI was provided as an alternate to the Energy Star score. In order to receive an Energy Star rating, more than 50% of your building must be defined by one of the following space types: Bank/Financial Institution, Courthouse, Hospital (Acute Care and Children's), Hotel, K-12 School, Medical Office, Office, Residence Hall/Dormitory, Retail Store, Supermarket, Warehouse (Refrigerated and Non-refrigerated), Wastewater Treatment Plant, or Data Center. Please see the report for individual facility information. Distributed/Renewable Energy Systems were reviewed with the following conclusions:
Dome-Tech considered three different types of wind turbine technologies that consisted of both building-mounted and traditional ground-mounted variety. Due to attractive payback and high potential for energy reduction, the 50 kilowatt ground mounted wind turbine project appears to be the most attractive option. Should Township of Willingboro decide to pursue a wind turbine project, Dome-Tech recommends commissioning a more detailed study.
A roof-mounted 2- 275 kw dc photovoltaic system that could provide 7 - 100% per building of the Township’s annual energy usage was assessed for implementation.
CHP (Combined Heat and Power), Fuel Cells, and Micro-turbines were also researched, but are not recommended due to the lack of thermal requirements in the summertime.
Regarding the procurement of utilities, Dome-Tech understands that the Township of Willingboro facilities are served by eight electric accounts behind PSE&G, under rate classes General Lighting and Power Service (GLP). Dome-Tech understands that Township of Willingboro has Annual and Monthly General Service Fixed Price accounts that are currently not contracted with a retail energy supplier. The Borough is also served by eight natural gas accounts behind PSE&G, Large Volume Gas (LVG) and General Service Gas (GSGH & GSL) rate classes. Now is an ideal time to seek longer-term rate stability through a fixed price arrangement through a retail supplier.
During the development of this audit, Dome-Tech was assisted by facility personnel, who were both knowledgeable and very helpful to our efforts. We would like to acknowledge and thank those individuals. Sincerely, Bang Duong Energy Engineer
Page 4
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Energy Audit Purpose & Scope
Purpose:
The objectives of the energy audit are to evaluate the site’s energy consumption,
establish baselines for energy consumption and identify opportunities to reduce the
amount of energy used and/or its cost.
Scope:
I. Historic Energy Consumption: Benchmark energy use using Energy Star Portfolio
Manager
II. Facility Description: characterize building usage, occupancy, size and construction.
III. Equipment Inventory: detailed equipment list including useful life and efficiency.
IV. Energy Conservation Measures: Identify and evaluate opportunities for cost savings and
economic returns.
V. Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures: evaluate economic viability of various
renewable/distributed energy technologies.
VI. Energy Purchasing and Procurement Strategies: perform utility tariff analysis and assess
potential for savings from energy procurement strategies.
VII.Method of Analysis: Appendices
Page 8
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Historic Energy Consumption – Revised
Utility Usage and Costs Summary Time-period: Sept. 2009 – Aug. 2010
Please see Appendix for full utility data and consumption profiles for all buildings.
Note: Dome-Tech revised using the correct account numbers and utility data from PSE&G and Willingboro
Township. Assumptions for calculations made in the Draft & approved report remain the same.
AccountAnnual
ConsumptionAnnual Cost $ / kWh Account
Annual
Consumptio
n
Annual Cost $ / Therm
kWh Therms
65 176 569 01 249,704 $38,469.76 $0.154 65 176 569 01 11,299 $13,604.93 $1.204
67 570 806 01 5,784 $987.63 $0.171
66 520 019 18 210,800 $33,167.31 $0.157 66 520 019 18 10,596 $12,509.80 $1.181
66 911 178 08 7,026 $2,026.95 $0.288 66 911 178 08 1,850 $2,220.23 $1.200
65 405 928 09 19,728 $3,793.38 $0.192 65 405 928 09 2,943 $3,483.49 $1.184
42 006 830 08 1,027,200 $164,241.47 $0.160 42 006 830 08 63,948 $69,846.95 $1.092
42 006 830 08 5,413 $4,431.33 $0.819
67 063 721 02 83,261 $16,829.15 $0.202 69 267 230 01 14,478 $14,268.25 $0.986
65 477 438 02 16,104 $3,280.68 $0.204 65 477 438 02 5,578 $6,253.90 $1.121
68 666 509 09 1,596 $1,581.88 $0.991 68 666 509 09 6,687 $7,797.44 $1.166
TOTAL 1,621,203 $264,378.21 $0.163 TOTAL 122,792 $134,046.10 $1.092
.
Willingboro Public Works Garage #2
Willingboro Fire Station #162
Willingboro Fire Station #163
Kennedy CenterNA
Willingboro Public Library
Willingboro Public Works Garage #1
Buildings
Electric -PSEG Natural Gas - PSEG
Willingboro Municipal Complex NA
Willingboro Fire Station #161*
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Historic Energy Consumption - Revised
ENERGY STAR SCORES
Energy Star Score is calculated to establish a facility-specific energy intensity baseline.
Energy Star can be used to compare energy consumption to other similar facilities and to gauge the
success of energy conservation and cost containment efforts.
Buildings with an Energy Star rating/score of 75, or above, are eligible to apply for an official Energy Star
label. Willingboro’s facilities are ineligible to receive a rating. In order to receive a rating, more than 50%
of your building must be defined by one of the following space types: Bank/Financial Institution,
Courthouse, Hospital (Acute Care and Children's), Hotel, K-12 School, Medical Office, Office, Residence
Hall/Dormitory, Retail Store, Supermarket, Warehouse (Refrigerated and Non-refrigerated), Wastewater
Treatment Plant, or Data Center. None of the Township’s facilities fit within these classifications.
Facility Name
Total Floor
Area
Energy Star
Score
Eligible to
Apply for
ENERGY STAR
Current Site
Energy Intensity
(kBtu/SF)
Current Source
Energy Intensity
(kBtu/SF)
Average
Source EUI by
Building Type
*
Willingboro Municipal Complex Building 31,130 NA NA 78.8 179.7 265 - Public
Emergency Squad / Fire Station #161 7,560 NA NA 243.4 4711 157 - Fire
Willingboro Fire Station #162 7,500 NA NA 27.6 36.1 157 - Fire
Willingboro Fire Station #163 8,344 NA NA 44.6 64.7 157 - Fire
Kennedy Center 189,950 NA NA 56.4 100.6 265 - Public
Willingboro Public Library 45,000 NA NA 37.9 54.6 246 - Library
Willingboro Public Works Garage #1 6,004 NA NA 105.9 131.7 150 - Service
Willingboro Public Works Garage #2 5,490 NA NA 126.5 134.7 150 - Service
* Note for Average Source EUI: This data comes from the 2003 CBECS National Average Source and Site Energy Use and Performance Comparisions by Building Type.
This is Average EUI is used only w here Portfolio Manager does not have the building category list
Page 10
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Historic Energy Consumption (continued)
Portfolio Manager Sign - In
An account has been created for Township of Willingboro in Portfolio Manager. You
have received an email to notify you of the generation of this account and shared
access with Dome-Tech. Please use this to read your facility information. Please feel
free to alter this information when the report is finalized. We would ask that you leave
the sign-in information alone until then. Your Township’s information is currently
shared as read only.
When the report is finalized the shared access will be changed so you can use / edit
the information and change as you wish.
Website link to sign-in:https://www.energystar.gov/istar/pmpam/index.cfm?fuseaction=login.Login
Username: Willingboro
Password: DTWillingboro
Email for account: [email protected]
Page 11
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Fire Station 161
Address: 398 Charleston Road
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 7,560 sf
Year Built: 1969
# Occupants: Approximately 6 persons per 8 hour shift
Usage: Fire House
Construction Features:
Facade: One story concrete building, in good condition
Roof Type: Flat, white, metal deck, built-up, shingle, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, dual pane, operable, shades, in
good condition
Exterior Doors: Six fiberglass bay doors, in good condition
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Firehouse 161
Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems
One (1) Rheem AHU (1450 CFM)equipped with Direct Expansion (DX) Cooling (4 tons) and indirect fired
natural gas heat
One (1) Rheem AHU (2900 CFM)equipped with DX Cooling (7.5 tons) and indirect fired natural gas heat
One (1) Rheem AHU (1370 CFM)equipped with DX Cooling (3.5 tons) and electric heat
One (1) Sanyo Split AC Unit (1000 CFM)equipped with DX Cooling (2 tons) and electric heat
Boilers / Heating Equipment
Four (4) Weil McLain natural gas hot water boilers (346 MBH); at ASHRAE estimated service life (ESL)
of 20 years.
Six (6) heating hot water unit heaters (manufacturer unknown)
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) Bradford White 50 gallon domestic hot water heater
Other Mechanical Equipment
Three (3) residential refrigerators (manufacturer unknown)
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Firehouse 162
Address: 201 Sunset Road
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 8,344 sf
Year Built: 1962
# Occupants: Unoccupied
Usage: Firehouse Storage, Gym for Police Dept.
Construction Features:
Facade: One story, brick, block, and stucco
Roof Type: Flat, black, rubber roof, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 10% of façade, dual pane, metal frame, operable,
shades/blinds, in good condition
Exterior Doors: Three fiberglass bay doors, metal frame, in new condition
Page 14
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Firehouse 162
Boilers
Two (2) Weil McLain natural gas hot water boilers (421 MBH); 14 years remaining per
ASHRAE estimated service life (ESL) of 20 years. These boilers provide heating hot
water to the units heaters.
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) Kenmore 40 gallon domestic hot water heater
Two (2) hot water unit heaters (manufacturer unknown)
Chillers, Cooling Towers, Air Conditioners, and other Cooling Equipment
One (1) Sanyo 2 ton electric split system AC unit equipped with DX Cooling (2 tons) and
electric heat (1000 CFM); past ESL
Three (3) window air conditioning units (various brands)
Other Mechanical Equipment
One (1) air compressor (manufacturer unknown)
Page 15
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Firehouse 163
Address: 603 Beverly Rancocas Road
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 7,500 sf
Year Built: 1980
# Occupants: Unoccupied
Usage: Firehouse
Construction Features:
Facade: One story, stucco, in good condition
Roof Type: Flat, black, metal deck, built-up, rubber, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 5% of façade, wood frame, operable, single pane, in fair
condition
Exterior Doors: Metal frame, single pane glass entry doors in fair condition, fiberglass bay doors (new)
Page 16
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Firehouse 163
Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems
One (1) Rheem Roof Top Unit (RTU) equipped with DX Cooling (4 tons) and electric heat
(1450 CFM)
Boilers
Two (2) natural gas unit heaters (manufacturer unknown)
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) HB Smith natural gas hot water heater
One (1) Rheem natural gas hot water heater
Other Mechanical Equipment
One (1) 6 HP air compressor (manufacturer unknown)
Page 17
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: The Kennedy Center
Address: 429 John F. Kennedy Way
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 189,950 sf
Year Built: 1963
# Occupants: 28 employees, 1000 transient visitors daily
Usage: Recreational Facility open to the
public and is operated 8 AM – 10 PM Weekdays, 8AM – 4 PM Weekends
Construction Features:
Facade: Two story, brick, in good condition
Roof Type: Flat, black, metal deck, built-up, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 30% of façade, metal frame, single pane, operable, in fair
condition
Exterior Doors: Wood and metal frame, single pane glass doors, in fair condition due to age
Page 18
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Kennedy Center
Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems
Eight (8) Rheem Roof Top Units (RTUs) (5700 CFM);equipped with DX Cooling (15 tons)
and natural gas heat (302 kBTU)
One (1) Rheem RTU equipped with DX Cooling (10 tons) and natural gas heat (200 kBTU)
(3600 CFM);
Three (3) Rheem RTUs equipped with DX Cooling (20 tons) and natural gas heat (324
kBTU) (7500 CFM);
Two (2) Rheem RTUs equipped with DX Cooling (8.5 tons) and natural gas heat (182 kBTU)
(3200 CFM);
Two (2) Rheem RTUs equipped with DX Cooling (20 tons) and natural gas heat (324 kBTU)
(7500 CFM)
Two (2) Carrier RTUs equipped with DX Cooling (25 tons) and natural gas heat (291 kBTU)
(9000 CFM);
One (1) Carrier RTU equipped with DX Cooling (15 tons) and electric heat (5700 CFM);
One (1) Lennox RTU equipped with DX Cooling (6.5 tons) and electric heat (2100 CFM);
One (1) Trane RTU equipped with DX Cooling (15 tons) and natural gas heat (175 kBTU)
(5700 CFM);
One (1) Trane RTU equipped with DX Cooling (8.5 tons) and natural gas heat (150 kBTU)
(3200 CFM);
Page 19
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Kennedy Center (continued)
Boilers / Heating Equipment
Three (3) Cleaver Brooks dual-fuel fire-tube heating hot water boilers (6275 MBH); 15 years past
ASHRAE estimated service life (ESL) of 30 years; serving radiant finned tube heating; and served
by three (3) Weinman 2 HP feed pumps and two (2) 20 HP hot water supply pumps
Domestic Hot Water
One (1) Ruud 100 gallon natural gas domestic hot water heater
One (1) Old Dominion 2350 gallon natural gas hot water storage tank
One (1) I-R 7.5 HP pump
One (1) Quincy 2 HP pump
Other Mechanical Equipment
One (1) Onan 25KW emergency generator
Page 20
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Willingboro Library
Address: 200 Willingboro Way
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 45,000 sf
Year Built: 2001
# Occupants: 30 employees, transient visitors
Usage: Public Library, operated
approximately 64 hours per week
Construction Features:
Facade: One story, brick, in excellent condition
Roof Type: Flat, white, metal deck, built-up, rubber, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 30% of façade, metal frame, dual pane, operable, in good
condition
Exterior Doors: Approximately four, metal frame, dual pane glass, in good condition
Page 21
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Public Library
Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems
One (1) Carrier Air Handling Unit (AHU), equipped with chilled and heating hot water coils(10,000 CFM)
Two (2) Carrier AHUs, equipped with chilled and heating hot water coils (8500 CFM)
Eight (8) exhaust fans (manufacturer unknown)
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) AO Smith 80 gallon electric domestic hot water heater
Chillers / Cooling Towers / Air Conditioning Units / Other Cooling Equipment
One (1) Broad 1700 MBH packaged absorption chiller (100 tons)
One (1) Evapco cooling tower equipped with a 15 HP fan motor
One (1) Samsung 2 ton split a/c unit
Compressors / Pumps/ Motor Driven Equipment
Two (2) Taco 2 HP hot water, two Taco (2) 5 HP chilled water pumps, and two Taco (2) 2HP condenser
pumps
One (1) US Motor 1 HP cooling tower pump
Other Mechanical Equipment
One (1) small compressor (manufacturer unknown)
Page 22
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Municipal Complex
Address: 1 Salem Road
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: 31,130 sf
Year Built: 1966
# Occupants: 120 employees,
transient visitors
Usage: Complex is operated 24/7
Construction Features:
Facade: Three stories, brick, in good condition
Roof Type: Flat, white, metal deck, built-up, rubber, in good condition
Windows: Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, single pane, operable, in fair
condition
Exterior Doors: Approximately four, single and dual pane(new wing) mix
Page 23
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Municipal ComplexAir Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems
Three (3) Trane Roof Top Units (RTUs) equipped with DX Cooling (5 tons) and natural gas heat (130
kBTU) (1450 CFM);
One (1) Trane RTU equipped with DX Cooling (7.5 tons) and natural gas heat (150 kBTU) and natural
gas heat (2900 CFM);
One (1) McQuay RTU equipped with DX Cooling (4 tons) and natural gas heat (81 kBTU) (1450 CFM);
One (1) McQuay RTU equipped with DX Cooling (10 tons) and natural gas heat (182 kBTU) (3600 CFM);
Two (2) McQuay RTUs equipped with DX Cooling (6 tons) and natural gas heat (121 kBTU) (2100 CFM);
One (1) McQuay RTU equipped with DX Cooling (5 tons) and natural gas heat (85 kBTU) (2000 CFM);
served by two (2) Marathon Electric 5 HP HHW pumps and two (2) Marathon Electric 5 HP CHW
pumps
Three (3) Carrier Air Handling Units (AHU’s) equipped with chilled and heating hot water coils past
ASHRAE estimated service life (ESL) of 15 years (Missing Nameplates)
Boilers / Heating Equipment
Two (2) HB Smith heating hot water cast iron sectional boilers (1491 MBH ); 8 years remaining per
ASHRAE estimated service life (ESL) of 20 years;
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) AO Smith natural gas direct fired natural gas domestic heater (50 MBH); served by one (1) Taco
1/6 HP recirculating hot water pump
Chillers / Cooling Towers / Air Conditioning Units / Other Cooling Equipment
One (1) McQuay 100 ton air cooled chiller provides chilled water to the air handling units.
Page 24
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Building Name: Public Works Garage #1
and Garage #2
Address: 25 Industrial Drive
Willingboro, NJ 08046
Gross Floor Area: #1 – 6,004 sf; #2 – 5,490 sf
Year Built: 1960
# Occupants: 26 transient employees; 4 employees full time
Usage: Equipment storage, the garages are
operated 40 hours per week
Construction Features:
Facade: One story, cement block, in good condition (both buildings)
Roof Type: Pitched, grey, wood deck, in good condition (both buildings)
Windows: Metal frame, single pane, operable, in good condition (both buildings)
Exterior Doors: Garage #1 has 10 metal bay doors; Garage #2 has 7 metal bay doors (both buildings
are in good condition)
Page 25
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Facility Information
Major Mechanical Systems – Public Works
Boilers / Heating Equipment
One (1) National US natural gas boiler (225 kBTU); 10 years past ASHRAE estimated
service life (ESL) of 20 years; not currently in use
Eight (8) gas fired unit heaters (various manufacturers) (173-200 kBTU) (2550-3700 CFM)
Domestic Hot Water Systems
One (1) Bradford White 50 gallon domestic hot water heater
Chillers / Cooling Towers / Air Conditioning Units / Other Cooling Equipment
One (1) 1 ton window a/c unit (800 CFM)
Other Mechanical Equipment
One (1) ice machine
One (1) refrigerator
Page 26
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction
Implementation of all identified ECMs will yield:
790,775 kilowatt-hours of annual avoided electric usage.
42,355 therms of annual avoided natural gas usage.
This equates to the following annual reductions:
509 tons of CO2;
-OR-
88 Cars removed from road;
-OR-
139 Acres of trees planted annually
The Energy Information Administration
(EIA) estimates that power plants in
the state of New Jersey emit 0.666 lbs
CO2 per kWh generated.
The Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) estimates that one car emits
11,560 lbs CO2 per year.
The EPA estimates that reducing
CO2 emissions by 7,333 pounds
is equivalent to planting an acre of
trees.
Page 27
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Notes and Assumptions
Project cost estimates were based upon industry accepted published cost data, rough order of magnitude
cost estimates from contractors, and regional prevailing wage rates. The cost estimates presented in this
report should be used to select projects for investment grade development. The cost estimates presented
in this report should not be used for budget development or acquisition requests.
Estimated energy and cost savings are based on individual projects being implemented and do not
account for potential synergies if multiple projects are implemented concurrently. Therefore, cumulative
energy and cost savings shown in this report may or may not be representative of actual results.
The average CO2 emission rate from power plants serving the facilities within this report was obtained
from the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) eGRID2007 report. It is stated that power plants within
the state of NJ emit 0.66 lbs of CO2 per kWh generated.
The EPA estimates that burning one therm of natural gas emits 11.708 lbs CO2.
The EPA estimates that one car emits 11,560 lbs CO2 per year.
The EPA estimates that reducing CO2 emissions by 7,333 pounds is equivalent to planting an
acre of trees.
The following utility prices provided were used within this study:
School
Electric
$/Kwh
Natural Gas
$ / therm
Willingboro Municipal Complex Building $0.162 $1.202
Emergency Squad / Fire Station #161* $0.164 $1.488
Willingboro Fire Station #162 * $0.159 $1.488
Willingboro Fire Station #163 * $0.218 $1.488
Kennedy Center * $0.162 $1.601
Willingboro Public Library * $0.202 $1.444
Willingboro Public Works Garage #1 $0.187 $1.188
Willingboro Public Works Garage #2 * $0.211 $1.287
* *Assumed Gas pricing. Dome-Tech did not receive utility billing for reference.
Page 28
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #1: Upgrade Packaged Roof Top Units with High Efficiency Units
The existing rooftop units (RTUs) in the Kennedy Center and Firehouse163 are approximately 10 years old and are nearing the end of theirestimated equipment service life (EESL) per ASHRAE standards (TheEESL for package rooftop units is 15 years).
Replacing these RTU’s with new, higher efficiency units will reduceannual energy and maintenance costs.
When replacing the RTU for Firehouse 163, Willingboro should considerswitching to natural gas fired unit instead of an electric reheat unit.
New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates that typically pay for theincremental cost to upgrade to higher efficient units.
Energy Efficiency Ratios*
*Energy Efficiency Ratios: EER is the rating of
cooling output (Btu) divided by the electrical
energy input (watts). The higher the EER, the
more efficient the unit.
**Savings do not include maintenance savings.
Unit Capacity (tons) Existing Proposed
5 9 14
10 8.6 11
Picture: Kennedy Center Rooftop
Unit
Kennedy
CenterFire #163 TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: ** $17,500 $1,800 $19,300
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $311,950 $7,810 $319,760
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $27,660 $320 $27,980
Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): $277,800 $7,410 $285,210
Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $6,490 $80 $6,570
Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 0.4 (16.3) 0.0 (4.2) 0.3 (15.1)
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 36 1 37
* Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement..
Page 29
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #2: At EOL, Upgrade Heat Pump Units to Higher Efficiency
The existing 1-4 ton, 8 SEER Split Heat Pump Units(HP’s) are past their estimated equipment service life(EESL) per ASHRAE standards. (The EESL for airhandling units is 15 years.)
Replacing these HP’s with new, higher efficiency and fullycontrolled units will reduce annual energy costs.
New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates of $67 per ton for installing heat pump systems with SEERs greater than 14 under its prescriptive rebate.
Picture: Firehouse 162 Split
System Heat Pump AC Unit
Library Fire #162 TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $200 $200 $400
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $2,010 $2,010 $4,020
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $160 $160 $320
Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): $1,805 $1,805 $3,610
Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $45 $45 $90
Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 0.2 (9.2) 0.2 (9.2) 0.2 (9.2)
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0 0 0
* Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement..
Page 30
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #3: Install Computer Power Management System
By installing a computer power management system, IT administrators will be able to reduce per-PC
operating cost by reducing energy consumption via shutdown, standby and hibernate for PC’s and sleep
for monitors.
This software has the capability to set up profiles to optimize time of day schedules.
This system also enhances network security and improves the success rate of network maintenance task
by ensuring that PC’s are accessible when IT needs them to be.
This software has the capability to have an on-demand network-wide shutdown protects against virus
outbreak or an imminent power outage. Similarly, shutting down unattended PCs (whether logged onto or
not) after work hours can help protect against unauthorized access to the PCs’ data or to network
resources.
Average electric consumption of computer components PC Only: 120 kWh @ $0.15 per kWh = $18 per year
Monitor Only: 150 – 120 kWh @ $0.15 per kWh = $ 18 – 23 per year
Combined PC and Monitor: 200 kWh @ $0.15 per kWh = $30 per year
Kennedy Center
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $1,360
Gross Estimated Implementation Costs: $840
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $840
Simple Payback (years) 0.6
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 3
Page 31
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #4: Vending Machine Power Management
Dome-Tech recommends installing a vending machine power management
device on all vending machines.
The device uses a passive infrared sensor to power down the machine when
the area surrounding it is vacant. Then it monitors the room’s temperature
and automatically re-powers the cooling system at one- to three-hour
intervals, independent of sales, to ensure that the product stays cold.
The microcontroller will never power down the machine while the compressor
is running, eliminating compressor short-cycling. In addition, when the
machine is powered up, the cooling cycle is allowed to finish before again
powering down (reduces compressor wear and tear).
*Assumes installation
by in-house staff.
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary Fire #161 Fire #163 TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $190 $190 $240 $190 $260 $1,070
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $180 $180 $180 $180 $180 $900
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $180 $180 $180 $180 $180 $900
Simple Payback (years): 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0 0 0 0 0 0
Page 32
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #5: Cooling Tower Fan VFD
The cooling tower is equipped with one (1) constant speed 15 HP fan.
Dome-Tech recommends installing a variable frequency drive (VFD) on the fan motor,
and controlling the fan speed based upon condenser water temperature. The fan speed
is proportional to the cubed root of the required power. In other words, 50% fan speed
will require 13% of the full load power.
Library
Estimated Annual Savings: $2,580
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $4,870
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $1,800
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $3,070
Simple Payback (years): 1.2
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 4
Page 33
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #6: Install Timers on Hot Water Heater
The Library has one (1) electric domestic hot water heater. The hotwater heater is 80 gallons and rated for 15 kilowatts of heating.
Although hot water heaters are insulated, there is significant standbyheat loss during off hours. The heating elements turn on throughoutunoccupied hours to maintain the desired set point temperature.
Placing timers on the units will turn the units off during unoccupiedhours and turn them back on two hours prior to occupation. Thissetback schedule eliminates energy used to make up the standby heatloss.
*Equipment cost only. Assumes install by staff.Library:
Electric DHW Unit
Library TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $100
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: * $160
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $160
Estimated Simple Payback: 1.6
Annual Avoided CO2
Emissions (tons): 0
Page 34
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #7: Lighting Upgrade
Although most of the current light fixtures have higher efficiency T-8 fluorescent lamps and ballasts, improved light fixture designs will further reduce lighting energy costs by relamping to lower wattage 25 Watt T8 lamps or retrofitting T12 fixtures to higher efficiency T8 while maintaining the minimum lighting output as per state codes. The Public Works Garages have older technology HID lighting and should be retrofitted with High Output T5 or T8 fixtures.
Many areas were observed to have lights on regardless of occupancy. Installing occupancy sensors in these areas will automatically turn lights on/off according to actual occupancy by sensing the presence of people in the room. Occupancy sensors will reduce lighting energy costs by approximately 30%*.
*Source: Turner, Wayne, Energy Management Handbook, 1999.
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary
DPW
#1
DPW
#2
Fire
#161
Fire
#162
Fire
#163TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost
Savings:$10,770 $34,970 $5,280 $580 $80 $2,380 $870 $270 $55,200
Estimated Gross Implementation
Costs: $19,310 $84,705 $11,900 $1,755 $2,580 $6,075 $2,320 $1,895 $130,540
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $3,990 $9,530 $80 $220 $370 $1,650 $360 $425 $16,625
Estimated Net Implementation
Costs:$15,320 $75,175 $11,820 $1,535 $2,210 $4,425 $1,960 $1,470 $113,915
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.5 1.9 2.3 5.4 2.1
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions
(tons): 22 71 9 1 1 5 2 0 120
Page 35
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #8: Replace Boilers with High Efficiency Modulating Condensing Boilers
The Kennedy Center is equipped with a natural gas-fired tube hot water boiler. The Municipal Buildingis equipped with cast iron sectional boilers and Firehouses 161, and 163 are equipped with smallercast iron boilers.
For the most part, these boilers are old and are nearing the end of the equipment service life (ASHRAEstates the service life of similar equipment to be 25 years).
The ages, sizes, types and configurations of the boilers do not lend themselves to efficient operation.Generally, as boilers approach the end of their service life, the efficiency degrades and the boiler mustconsume more fuel in order to produce the same rated output. In addition, there is a direct correlationbetween risk of equipment failure (tube breaks & meltdown, shell cracks, furnace surface area failure)and equipment age.
If the existing boilers could be replaced by high efficiency, modulating or modular condensing boilers,savings will be realized in two ways. Modulating boilers, usually 1,000 MBH or smaller, employ multiple burners to meet the heating load. Each burner
operates independently, eliminating the “all on/all off” operation of single burner boilers. As building loadincreases only those burners necessary to meet the load are fired. This allows each burner to run at optimalefficiency. Modular boilers operate under the same principal but for larger installations. In this case multipleboilers are used rather than multiple burners. Modular boilers usually are employed in 1000, 2000 or 3000 MBHsizes.
Condensing boilers recover energy from the exhaust gas thus allowing efficiencies of 90% and above.
When a boiler is both a modulating/modular type and a condensing type, extremely high efficienciescan be realized.
Picture: Old Cast Iron Sectional
Boiler (Municipal Building)
Picture: Old Fire-Tube Boiler
(Kennedy Center)Page 36
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #8: Replace Boilers w/ High Efficiency Modulating Condensing Boilers (continued)
The high first cost of a new boiler system may preclude this ECM from being justified by economicsalone at some of the facilities.. However, reliability issues warrant consideration of these projects aspart of a long-term capital improvement plan. The ECM table details the economics at each site
NOTE: The presented economics should be used for planning purposes only. If the client decides to proceed with any boiler replacement project,
these economics should be refined with an investment grade analysis.
* Due to incomplete billing data for the Kennedy Center the fuel savings which are based on boiler load calculation are larger than annual natural gas
expenditure.
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
Center *Fire #161 Fire #163 TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings:$3,020 $17,280 $800 $510 $21,610
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost:$151,440 $294,550 $8,150 $6,020 $460,160
NJ Smart Start Rebate:$3,000 $6,000 $610 $300 $9,910
Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): *$126,850 $257,660 $5,380 $4,900 $394,790
Estimated Incremental Implementation Cost:$21,590 $30,890 $2,160 $820 $55,460
Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs)
7.1 (49.2) 1.8 (16.7) 2.7 (9.4) 1.6 (11.2) 2.6 (20.8)
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 6 63 3 2 78
* Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement..
Page 37
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #9: Heat Recovery from Absorption Chiller Exhaust
The absorption chiller produces exhaust
temperatures of 270 ○F and runs year-round.
Reclaiming wasted heat from the chiller exhaust
system and integrating it into the domestic hot
water system will reduce the facility’s natural gas
use.
Waste energy can be reclaimed by utilizing an air
to water heat exchange in the exhaust system.
Installing a waste heat energy recovery system will
provide about $2,410 in annual savings.
Library TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $2,410
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $6,660
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $6,660
Estimated Simple Payback: 2.8
Annual Avoided CO2
Emissions (tons): 70
Picture: Library Absorption Chiller
Picture: Water to Air Heat Exchanger and
Screenshot of Exhaust Temperature of 270 FPage 38
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #10: Reset Hot Water Temperature based on Outside Air Temperatures
A hot water reset program will reduce the temperature of the hot water
leaving the boilers during low load days. A temperature setpoint reduction will
decrease the heat losses in the distribution piping, thus decreasing energy
consumption.
Connecting the boilers to a building management system and implementing a
temperature reset program will provide savings of over $350 per year.
Municipal Building
Estimated Annual Savings: $350
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,080
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,080
Simple Payback (years): 3.1
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 2
Page 39
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #11: Upgrade Window AC Units
Window air conditioning units that are installed at the MunicipalBuilding, Kennedy Center, Fire 162 and the Public WorksBuilding provide localized air conditioning for small privateoffices and storage areas. The units are in poor physicalcondition, and inefficient compared to today’s standards.
Dome-Tech recommends replacing these units with new, higherefficiency units.
New 10.5 SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating) units areestimated to be at least 14% more efficient at full/part loads thanthe existing equipment.
Public Works Building-
Window AC Unit
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterDPW Fire #162 TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $70 $2,820 $70 $70 $3,030
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $750 $10,000 $250 $750 $11,750
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $750 $10,000 $250 $750 $11,750
Simple Payback (years): 10.7 3.5 3.6 10.7 3.9
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0 6 0 0 6
Page 40
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #12: Weather-stripping Exterior Doors
Many of the perimeter doors have poor weatherstripping that allow infiltration to enter conditionedareas causing an unnecessary increase in theheating, cooling and dehumidification load.
Dome-Tech recommends replacing all old weatherstripping on perimeter doors that do not havevestibules.
Energy savings will be realized by reducing theamount of unconditioned outside air entering thebuilding, thus reducing the HVAC loads and cost.
Picture: Municipal Building
Infiltration Area
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary Fire #162 TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $280 $810 $170 $80 $1,340
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,400 $3,500 $1,050 $350 $6,300
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,400 $3,500 $1,050 $350 $6,300
Simple Payback (years): 5.0 4.3 6.2 4.4 4.7
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 1 2 0 0 3
Page 41
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #13: Replace Kitchen Equipment with Energy Star Rated Equipment
Most of the kitchen equipment (reach-in coolers/freezers and ice
machines) in the Kennedy Center and DPW Building are older and
less efficient compares to today’s standards.
Replacing the kitchen equipment with higher efficiency Energy Star
labeled equipment will provide at least $2,590 in annual savings.
Improvements in kitchen equipment include lower idle rates, better
insulation which reduces the amount of standby losses through
sides and top, and premium efficient fan motors.
Kennedy Center: Electric
Stove
Kennedy Center:
Freezer Refrigerator
Kennedy Center:
Ice Machine
Kennedy
CenterDPW TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $1,360 $1,230 $2,590
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $7,410 $4,910 $12,320
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $7,410 $4,910 $12,320
Simple Payback (years): 5.4 4.0 4.8
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 3 2 5
Page 42
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #14: At End of Life (EOL) Replace Aging Air Cooled Chiller with High Efficiency Unit
Willingboro Township is considering replacing the air cooled chiller whichis approximately 6 years old. It has not approached its estimatedequipment service life (EESL) per ASHRAE standards. (The EESL for anair cooled chiller is 15 years.)
When replacing the air cooled chiller, Willingboro should considerupgrading to a higher efficiency unit, which will significantly reduceannual energy and maintenance costs.
New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates that typically pay for theincremental cost to upgrade to higher efficient units.
Energy Efficiency Ratios*
*Energy Efficiency Ratios: EER is the
rating of cooling output (Btu) divided by the
electrical energy input (watts). The higher
the EER, the more efficient the unit.
Unit Capacity (tons) Existing (kW/ton) Proposed (kW/ton)
100 1.23 1.13
Picture: Municipal Building Air Cooled
Chiller
Municipal Building
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $2,400
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $184,610
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $5,200
Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): ** $164,610
Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $14,800
Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 6.2 (74.8)
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 5
** Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement..
Page 43
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM # 15: VFD’s on Unit Ventilator Blower Fans
Currently, the blower fans on the Unit Ventilators run at constant speed.
Installation of fractional horsepower variable frequency drives (VFD) on
the Unit Ventilators (UV) will reduce fan power energy. When the
temperature setpoint is satisfied, the VFD on the blower motor will
reduce fan speeds and save energy.
Installing Fractional HP Power VFD’s will provide at least $1,520 in
annual savings.
Kennedy Center
Estimated Annual Savings: $1,520
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $9,740
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $9,740
Simple Payback (years): 6.4
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 3
Page 44
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM # 16: Install VFDs on Perimeter Hot Water Pumps
The perimeter hot water systems are equipped with the supply pumps outlined below. These pumps operate in online / standby mode.
The pumps run at full speed regardless of system hot water demands.
Annual system pumping cost may be reduced by installing variable frequency drive (VFD) on the pump motors. Pump speed would be based upon system differential temperature.
The installation cost estimates assume the pump motor is inverter duty, (which means that the motor would not also need to be replaced), and the VFD will be installed on both pump motors. Three way valves will have to be removed and replaced with two-way valves. Installation costs and payback will be reduced by approximately 35% if a VFD is installed only on one pump.
LibraryKennedy
CenterTOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $620 $5,230 $6,850
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $3,730 $41,890 $45,620
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $310 $110 $420
Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $3,420 $41,780 $45,200
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 5.5 8.0 6.6
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 1 11 12
Building HHW Pumps Motor Nameplate HP Equivalent Power Draw, kw Annual Run Hours
Library P 1 2 1.492 4,230
Kennedy Center P 1 20 14.92 4,230
Page 45
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #17: Domestic Hot Water System Optimization
The domestic hot water available to building population is heated by a natural gas-firedwater heater.
Operational Savings:
This system is set to provide domestic hot water at 129 F. Energy savings can beachieved by adjusting the controls of these heaters to reduce the storage temperaturerequirements to 120 F.
Picture: Municipal Building
Hot Water Heater
Municipal Building
Estimated Annual Savings: $30
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $200
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $200
Simple Payback (years): 6.7
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0
Page 46
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #18: Daylight Harvesting
Daylight harvesting takes advantage of free natural light through windows or
skylights; thus, artificial light energy is reduced.
Daylight harvesting controls includes placing photocells and dimming ballasts
on the applicable light fixtures (perimeter of building).
The photocells will automatically dim the lights as the amount of natural light
increases ensuring adequate light levels.
Library
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $850
Gross Estimated Implementation Costs: $7,000
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $1,100
Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $5,900
Simple Payback (years) 6.9
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 1
Page 47
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM # 19: Install VFDs on Chilled Water Pumps
The perimeter chilled water systems are equipped with the supply pumps outlined below. These pumps operate in online / standby mode.
The pumps run at full speed regardless of system chilled water demands.
Annual system pumping cost may be reduced by installing variable frequency drive (VFD) on the pump motors. Pump speed would be based upon system differential temperature.
The installation cost estimates assume the pump motor is inverter duty, (which means that the motor would not also need to be replaced), and the VFD will be installed on both pump motors. Three way valves will have to be removed and replaced with two-way valves. Installation costs and payback will be reduced by approximately 35% if a VFD is installed only on one pump.
Municipal
BuildingLibrary TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $690 $860 $1,550
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $8,520 $3,940 $12,460
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $775 $775 $1,550
Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $7,745 $3,165 $10,910
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 11.2 3.7 7.0
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 1 1 2
Building CHW PumpsMotor Nameplate
HPEquivalent Power Draw, kw Annual Run Hours
Library P 1 5 3.73 2,338
Municipal Building P 1 5 3.73 2,338
Page 48
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #20: Premium Efficiency Motors
Most of the existing motors serving the pumps are standard efficiency motors. See the Appendix for a
detailed list of motors surveyed for this ECM.
Dome-Tech recommends replacing the Cooling Tower motors at the Library . It is recommended at the
end-of-life of the motors at the Municipal Building and Library and the remaining motors at the
Kennedy Center, be replaced with new premium efficiency motors. The new motors would reduce the
electrical consumption of the building.
Typical Efficiencies for Standard & Premium Motors
(1800 RPM Open Drip-Proof Motors)
HP QTY STANDARD EFFICIENCY PREMIUM EFFICIENCY
15 1 90% 93%
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $110 $440 $190 $740
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $3,510 $1,560 $2,250 $7,320
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $110 $110 $270 $490
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $3,400 $1,450 $1,980 $6,830
Simple Payback (years): 30.9 3.3 10.4 9.2
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0 1 0 1
Page 49
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #21: Install VFD Controls On Condenser Water Pumps
Library
Estimated Annual Savings: $340
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $3,560
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $310
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $3,250
Simple Payback (years): 9.6
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 62
The condenser water system is equipped with the following supply pumps. These pumps operate in online / standby mode.
The pump runs at full speed regardless of system condenser water demands.
Annual system pumping cost may be reduced by installing a variable frequency drive (VFD) on the pump motors. Pump speed would be based upon system differential temperature.
The installation cost estimates assume the pump motor is inverter duty; and the VFD will be installed on both pump motors. Installation costs and payback will be reduced by approximately 35% if a VFD is installed only on one pump.
BuildingCondenser Water
Pumps
Motor Nameplate
HP
Equivalent
Power Draw,
kw
Annual Run
Hours
Library P 1 2 1.492 2,338
Page 50
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM # 22: Replace Hot Water Fan Coil Units with Gas Radiant Heaters
The garage bays in Public Works Building currently have hot waterfan coil units that provide heat for workers. Maintaining aconditioned environment using convective-type heating in a lowoccupancy and relatively high volumetric space can be costly.
Consider replacing the existing hot water unit heaters with directgas-fired radiant unit heaters.
Radiant heaters eliminate convective heat loss and thermalstratification by directly heating surfaces and people rather thanvolumetric air.
Direct fired radiant heaters have much lower maintenancerequirements than the current fan coil units.
DPW Fire #162 TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $3,890 $870 $4,760
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $56,770 $14,190 $70,960
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $2,400 $600 $3,000
Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $54,370 $13,590 $67,960
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 14.0 15.6 14.3
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 14 3 17
Page 51
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #23: Install Heaters for Instantaneous Hot Water
The domestic hot water is supplied by a hot water heater at Firehouses 161
and 162.
In order to eliminate standby heat loss from the storage tank, replace it with
an instantaneous hot water heater.
Fire #161 Fire #162 TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $40 $30 $70
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $1,040 $1,040 $2,080
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $300 $300 $600
Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $740 $740 $1,480
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 18.5 24.7 21.1
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 0 0 0
Page 52
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #24: Building Management System
•Setpoint Optimization • Exhaust Fan Time of Day Optimization
•Time of Day Optimization ▪ VFDs on Chilled Water, Condenser Water, Heating Hot
Water Pumps and Cooling Tower Fan
•Demand Control Ventilation ▪ Hot Water Reset base on Outside Air Temperature
A building management system (BMS) is a computer system designed specifically for the automatedcontrol and monitoring of the heating, ventilation, lighting, and needs of a single facility or group ofbuildings. The system can also be used for data collection and used to produce trend analysis andannual consumption forecasts.
With the exception of a localized control module at the Library, the buildings are not equipped with acentralized building management system, and much of the HVAC is operated manually.
Dome-Tech recommends installing a Building Management System with the following capabilities (thefollowing calculations below are included under the Building Management System energy savings):
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $7,400 $41,410 $11,260 $60,070
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $227,950 $1,059,530 $135,230 $1,422,710
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $227,950 $1,059,530 $135,230 $1,422,710
Simple Payback (years): 30.8 25.6 12.0 23.7
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 26 105 26 157
Page 53
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #25: Demand Control Ventilation
Building codes require that a minimum amount of fresh air be provided to ensure adequate air quality.
To comply, ventilation systems often operate at a fixed rate based on an assumed occupancy (e.g., 20
CFM per person multiplied by the maximum design occupancy). The result is excessive fresh air
volumes which require costly (and unnecessary) conditioning.
Demand-controlled ventilation controls the amount of outside air based upon the CO2 levels generated
by building occupants. Demand ventilation should be added to any return air system where space
occupancy varies dramatically – library, cafeterias and gymnasiums.
By installing CO2 sensors and controlling the CO2 level at less than 1000 PPM, the outside air flow is
kept to the absolute minimum while space conditions are kept in compliance with building codes and
standards such as the ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Standard.
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary TOTALS
Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $900 $6,900 $4,000 $11,800
Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $17,550 $23,400 $17,550 $58,500
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0
Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $17,550 $23,400 $17,550 $58,500
Estimated Simple Payback (years): 19.5 3.4 4.4 5.0
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 3 19 11 33
Page 54
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #25: Demand Control Ventilation (continued)
BUILDING UNIT AREA SERVING
MUNICIPAL MPS004BGCK10E NEW LOBBY
MUNICIPAL MPS010BGCM22E COUNCIL CHAMBERS
MUNICIPAL MPS006BGCM22E COURT ROOMS
KENNEDY CENTER RKKB-A240DM40E CAFETERIA
KENNEDY CENTER RKKB-A102DL22E GYM
KENNEDY CENTER RKKB-A240DL30E GYM
KENNEDY CENTER CHA16-953-1Y MUSIC RM
LIBRARY 39THLMXAE AHU-1
LIBRARY 39MN17A AHU-2
LIBRARY 39MN17A AHU-3
Page 55
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #26: Optimize and Standardize the Space Temperature Setpoints
A review of the programmable thermostats revealed room and supply temperature setpoint inconsistencies.
DomeTech recommends that standard summer setpoints be implemented as follows:
75 F cooling - 70 heating
Ensure there are no deviations between the zone temperature setpoints(prevents one zone heating, next zone cooling)
BuildingMunicipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterTOTALS
Estimated Annual Savings: $2,500 $8,100 $10,600
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 $70,780 $72,940
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 $70,780 $72,940
Simple Payback (years): 0.9 8.7 6.9
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 11 17 28
UNITAREA
SERVINGCFM
Current Average Zone
Winter Setpoint
Proposed Zone
Winter Setpoint
FINANCE YSC060A3 1450 74 70
FINANCE YSC060A3 1450 74 70
FINANCE YSC060A3 1450 74 70
INSPECTIO
NSYSC090A3 2900
74 70
NEW
LOBBY
MPS004BG
CK10E1450
74 70
COUNCIL
CHAMBERS
MPS010BG
CM22E3600
74 70
ADMINISTR
ATION
MPS006BG
CM22E2100
74 70
OFFICESMPS005BG
CM22E2000
74 70
COURT
ROOMS
MPS006BG
CM22E2100
74 70Page 56
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #27: Optimize Time of Day Schedules
A review of the schedules in theprogrammable thermostatsrevealed an opportunity to optimizethe time of day schedules.
Optimizing the schedules to betterreflect actual building occupancywill reduce heating and coolingcosts.
For example, programming theunits to come on one hour later andturn off one hour sooner will reduceHVAC costs.
Please see Appendix for Time of Day Schedules
EXISTING PROPOSED
UNITAREA
SERVINGCFM START STOP START STOP
LIBRARY AHU-
1
39THLMX
AE10000 7:00 AM 10:00 PM 9:00 AM 9:00 PM
LIBRARY AHU-
239MN17A 8500 7:00 AM 10:00 PM 9:00 AM 9:00 PM
LIBRARY AHU-
339MN17A 8500 7:00 AM 10:00 PM 9:00 AM 9:00 PM
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $1,330 $10,100 $1,935 $13,365
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 $70,780 $22,810 $95,750
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 $70,780 $22,810 $95,750
Simple Payback (years): 1.6 7.0 11.8 7.2
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 7 55 11 73
Page 57
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM #28: Exhaust Fan Time of Day Optimization
Currently, the exhaust fans are locally controlled. Unless these units are
manually turned off, they exhaust conditioned air during unoccupied periods
resulting in excessive energy consumption.
The units are equipped with time of day scheduling controls. However, the
units are currently operating 24/7.
Energy savings will be realized by programming controls on these units to
automate exhaust fan schedules according to building occupancy.
Municipal
Building
Kennedy
CenterLibrary TOTAL
Estimated Annual Savings: $340 $990 $370 $1,700
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $9,110 $90,480 $10,260 $109,850
NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $9,110 $90,480 $10,260 $109,850
Simple Payback (years): 26.8 91.4 27.7 64.6
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 1 2 1 4
Page 58
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
ECM # 29: Creation of an Energy Awareness & Education Program
The Township has no observed program in place.
Local Municipalities can have a potentially large impact on promoting an energy conscious
and conservation-minded society that starts in their community leading to energy cost
reductions, environmental benefits, and national energy independence.
In addition, townships can receive recognition for their efforts and possible media
coverage, which can contribute to enhanced community spirit, and individual feelings of
accomplishment and connection.
Estimated Annual Savings: $10,000 - $15,000
Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1500 each
Expected Rebate / Energy Efficiency Credit: None
Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $1500
Simple Payback (yrs): Varies
Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): Varies
Cost per Ton CO2 Reduction ($/ton): Varies
Page 59
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures
Distributed Generation & Renewable Energy
Distributed Generation (on-site generation) generates electricity from many small energy sources. These sources can be renewable (solar/wind/geothermal) or can be small scale power generation technologies (CHP, fuel cells, microturbines)
Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources (sunlight, wind, and underground geothermal heat) which are naturally replenished
Photovoltaics (solar) are particularly popular in Germany and Spain and growing in popularity in the U.S.
Wind power is growing as well, mostly in Europe and the U.S.
Page 60
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Wind
Wind turbines generate electricity by harnessing a wind stream's kinetic energy as it spins the turbine airfoils. As with most renewable energy sources, wind
energy is subject to intermittent performance due to the unpredictability of wind resources.
Willing boro Wind Speed
As previously stated, wind speed is critical to the successful wind turbine installation. According to average wind data from NASA’s Surface Meteorology and
Solar Energy records, the average annual wind speed for the Willingboro area is 5.2 meters per second. Ideal wind speeds for a successful project should
average over 6 meters per second.
For the Township of Willingboro, Dome-Tech considered three (3) types of wind turbine technologies; building integrated wind turbines (1 kW each) and
traditional ground mounted wind turbines (5 kW & 50 kW).
Building Integrated Wind Turbines
Model: AeroVironment AVX1000
Height: 8.5’
Rotor Diameter: 6’
Weight: 130 lbs.
Cut-In Wind Speed: 2.2 m/s
Maximum Generating Capacity: 1 kW
5 kW Ground Mount
Model: WES5 Tulipo
Height: 40’
Rotor Diameter: 16’
Weight: 1,900 lbs.
Cut-In Wind Speed: 3.0 m/s
Maximum Generating Capacity: 5.2 kW
50 kW Ground Mount
Model: Entegrity EW50
Height: 102’
Rotor Diameter: 50’
Weight: 21,000 lbs.
Cut-In Wind Speed: 4.0 m/s
Maximum Generating Capacity: 50 kW
Page 61
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Wind
Wind Turbine Pros & Cons
Pros Cons
Annual reduction in energy
spend and use can be
potentially reduced by almost
$17,000 (21% reduction).
Typical equipment life span is
15-30 years.
Reduction of annual
greenhouse gas emissions by
39 tons per year.
A wind turbine project could
be incorporated into science
and other curriculums to raise
student awareness of energy
alternatives.
High visible “green” project.
Payback period is significant
(over 9 years).
Average area wind speed is
not ideal and impacts
performance.
Prone to lighting strikes.
Bird collisions are likely, but
may be reduced with avian
guard (building integrate only).
Zoning may be an issue.
Check with local zoning
regulations.
Wind turbines do create
noise, although below 50 dB (a
typical car ride is over 80 dB).
The project economics and wind turbine pros and cons are presented in the following tables:
Should the Willingboro Township decide to pursue a wind turbine project, Dome-Tech recommends
commissioning a more detailed study.
Wind Turbine Economics
Building
Integrated
Ground Mount
5 kW
Ground Mount
50 kW
Gross Installation Cost Estimate $130,000 $62,400 $250,000
NJJ SSB Rebate $47,498 $37,483 $98,436
Net Installation Cost Estimate $82,502 $24,917 $151,564
Annual Energy Savings $2,256 $1,780 $16,792
Simple Payback 36.6 yrs. 14.0 yrs. 9.0 yrs.
System Capacity 20 kW 10 kW 50 kW
Annual Avoided Energy Use 14,843 kWh 11,713 kWh 110,472 kWh
Annual CO2 Emmisions,
Therms5 4 39
% of Annual Electric Use* 2.9% 2.3% 21.9%
Willingboro Township - Municipal Building: 503680 kWh/Year.
Page 62
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
Sunlight can be converted into electricity using photovoltaics (PV).
A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity.
Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials, such as silicon. Electrons are knocked loose from their atoms, allowing them to flow through the material to produce electricity.
Solar cells are often electrically connected and encapsulated as a module, in series, creating an additive voltage. The modules are connected in an array. The power output of an array is measured in watts or kilowatts, and typical energy needs are measured in kilowatt-hours.
Solar system arrays are recommended in this application for potenial placement on additional selected areas.
Page 63
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
The implementation of solar PV projects in
Willingboro Township would place your
facilities at the forefront of renewable
energy utilization. This allows the
Township the opportunity to not only gain
experience with this energy technology,
but also to win recognition as an
environmentally sensitive, socially
conscience government. Additionally,
these projects could be incorporated into
science education and additional
curriculums in the local schools to raise
awareness of current energy alternatives
to the younger generations.
Non-Financial Benefits of Solar PV
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Page 64
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 30 3931 131 31,733
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - MUNICIPAL BUILDING
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 30 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 31,733 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 457,944 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 7%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.162 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $5,141
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $602
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $20,299
Financial Results
Actual Payback 6.6 years
IRR (25 Years) 13.2%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $54,720
Cost and RebateCost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $150,535
NJ CEP Rebate ($1/watt for systems < 50 kW) $30,107
Page 65
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 2 3931 8 1,862
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - FIRESTATION 161
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 2 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 1,862 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 2,844 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 65%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.164 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $305
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $35
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $1,191
Financial Results
Actual Payback 6.6 years
IRR (25 Years) 13.2%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $3,265
Cost and Rebate
Cost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $8,832
NJ CEP Rebate ($1/watt for systems < 50 kW) $1,766
Page 66
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 6 3931 25 5,939
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - FIREHOUSE 162
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 6 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 5,939 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 2,970 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 200%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.159 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $944
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $113
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $3,799
Financial Results
Actual Payback 6.7 years
IRR (25 Years) 13.0%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $9,982
Cost and Rebate
Cost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $28,175
NJ CEP Rebate ($1/watt for systems < 50 kW) $5,635
Page 67
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 8 3931 36 8,727
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - FIREHOUSE 163
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 8 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 8,727 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 19,697 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 44%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.218 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $1,903
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $166
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $5,582
Financial Results
Actual Payback 6.1 years
IRR (25 Years) 15.1%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $22,169
Cost and RebateCost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $41,400
NJ CEP Rebate ($1/watt for systems < 50 kW) $8,280
Page 68
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 275 3931 1,196 289,837
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - KENNEDY CENTER
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 275 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 289,837 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 1,002,720 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 29%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.162 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $46,954
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $5,500
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $185,400
Financial Results
Actual Payback 8.1 years
IRR (25 Years) 10.2%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $245,178
Cost and RebateCost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $1,649,928
Page 69
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 54 3931 234 56,726
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - PUBLIC LIBRARY
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 54 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 56,726 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 83,261 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 68%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.202 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $11,459
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $1,076
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $36,286
Financial Results
Actual Payback 7.5 years
IRR (25 Years) 11.5%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $81,043
Cost and Rebate
Cost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $322,920
Page 70
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic
Solar Photovoltaic
System Capacity (kW) Coverage (Square Feet) No. of Panels Annual Output (kWh)
Roof Mount 19 3931 84 20,363
Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s)
WILLINGBORO TWP - PUBLIC WORKS BUILDING
Assumptions
System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) 19 kw dc
Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System 20,363 kwh
Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 34,194 kwh
Proposed % of Total Annual kWh supplied by Solar PV 60%
All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.187 / kwh
Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $3,808
Year 1 Maintenance Costs $386
Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC
Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $13,026
Financial Results
Actual Payback 6.4 years
IRR (25 Years) 14.0%
Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $42,531
Cost and RebateCost per kW installed $6,000
System Installed Cost $96,600
NJ CEP Rebate ($1/watt for systems < 50 kW) $19,320
Page 71
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Renewable Energy Technologies: CHP/Cogeneration
CHP (combined heat and power) or cogeneration is the use of a heat engine to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat.
Fuel Cells are electrochemical conversion devices that operate by catalysis, separation the protons and the electrons of the reactant fuel, and forcing the electrons to travel through a circuit to produce electricity. The catalyst is typically a platinum group metal or alloy. Another catalytic process takes the electrons back in, combining them with the protons and oxidant, producing waste products (usually water and carbon dioxide).
Microturbines are rotary engines that extract energy from a flow of combustion gas. They can be used with absorption chillers to provide cooling through waste heat rather than electricity. Microturbines are
best suited for facilities with year-round thermal and/or cooling loads.
Not recommended for Township of Willingboro due to the lack of thermal requirements in the summertime.
Page 72
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Utility Tariff and Rate Review: Electricity
Accounts and Rate Class: Willingboro Township has eight facilities with eight electric
accounts with service behind Public Service Electric & Gas, all under various rate classes.
Utility bills were not provided therefore some rate classes were unknown. However most of
the accounts fall under the rate class General Lighting and Power Service (GLP).
Electric Consumption and Cost: Based on the one-year period studied, the total annual
electric expenditure for the Township is about $276,000 and the total annual consumption is
about 1,610,000 kilowatt-hours (kWh).
Average/Effective Rate per kWh: For the one year period studied, the Township’s average
monthly cost per kilowatt-hour ranged from 13.9 ¢/kWh to 22.5 ¢/kWh, inclusive of utility
delivery charges. The Township’s overall, average cost per kilowatt-hour during this period
was 17.1 ¢/kWh.
o Note that these average electric rates are “all–inclusive”; that is, they include all supply service
(generation and commodity-related) charges, as well as all delivery service charges. The supply
service charges typically represent the majority (60-80%) of the total monthly bill. It is the supply
portion of your bill that is deregulated, which is discussed on subsequent slides in this section.
Page 73
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Utility Tariff and Rate Review: Natural Gas
Accounts and Rate Class: Willingboro Township has eight facilities with eight natural gas
accounts behind Public Service Electric and Gas Company under rate classes Large Volume
Gas (LVG) and General Service Gas (GSGH & GSL).
Natural Gas Consumption and Cost: Based on the one-year period studied, the total
annual natural gas expenditure for the Township is about $80,000 and the total annual
consumption is about 59,000 therms (th). Natural gas is used predominantly throughout the
winter period for heating purposes.
Average/Effective Rate per Therm: For the one year period studied, the Township’s
average cost per therm ranged from $1.28 to $1.60 per therm, inclusive of utility delivery
charges. The Township’s overall, average cost per therm during this period was $1.34 per
therm.
o Note that these average natural gas rates are “all–inclusive”; that is, they include all supply service
(interstate transportation and commodity-related) charges, as well as all delivery service charges. The
supply service charges typically represent the majority (60-80%) of the total monthly bill. It is the supply
portion of your bill that is deregulated, which is discussed on subsequent slides in this section.
Page 74
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing
In August 2003, per the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act [N.J.S.A 48:3-49], the
State of New Jersey deregulated its electric marketplace thus making it possible for customers
to shop for a third-party (someone other than the utility) supplier of retail electricity.
Per this process, every single electric account for every customer in New Jersey was placed
into one of two categories: BGS-FP or BGS-CIEP. BGS-FP stands for Basic Generation
Service-Fixed Price; BGS-CIEP stands for Basic Generation Service-Commercial and
Industrial Energy Pricing.
At its first pass, this categorization of accounts was based on rate class. The largest electric
accounts in the State (those served under a Primary or a Transmission-level rate class) were
moved into BGS-CIEP pricing. All other accounts (the vast majority of accounts in the State of
New Jersey, including residential) were placed in the BGS-FP category, receiving default
electric supply service from the utility.
The New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) has continued to move new large energy
users from the BGS-FP category into the BGS-CIEP category by lowering the demand (kW)
threshold for electric accounts receiving Secondary service. Several years ago, this threshold
started at 1,500kW; now, it has come down to 1,000 kW. So, if an account’s “peak load share”
(as assigned by the utility) is less than 1,000 kW, then that facility/account is in the BGS-FP
category. If you are unsure, you may contact Dome-tech for assistance.
Page 75
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing (cont.)
There are at least 3 important differentiating factors to note about each rate category:
1. The rate structure for BGS-FP accounts and for BGS-CIEP accounts varies.
2. The “do-nothing” option (ie, what happens when you don’t shop for retail energy) varies.
3. The decision about whether, and why, to shop for a retail provider varies.
Secondary (small to medium) Electric Accounts:
o BGS-FP rate schedules for all utilities are set, and re-set, each year. Per the results of our State’s BGS
Auction process, held each February, new utility default rates go into effect every year on June 1st. The
BGS-FP rates become each customer’s default rates, and they dictate a customer’s “Price to Compare”
(benchmark) for shopping purposes. To learn more about the BGS Auction process, please go to
www.bgs-auction.com.
o A customer’s decision about whether to buy energy from a retail energy supplier is, therefore, dependent
upon whether a supplier can offer rates that are lower than the utility’s (default) Price to Compare. In
2009, and for the first time in several years, many BGS-FP customers have “switched” from the utility to
a retail energy supplier because there have been savings. This may be the same case in 2010.
Primary (large) Electric Accounts:
o The BGS-CIEP category is quite different. There are two main features to note about BGS-CIEP
accounts that do not switch to a retail supplier for service. The first is that they pay an hourly market
rate for energy; the second is that these accounts also pay a “retail margin adder” of $0.0053/kWh. For
these large accounts, this retail adder can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. The adder is
eliminated when a customer switches to a retail supplier for service.
o For BGS-CIEP accounts, the retail adder makes a customer’s decision about whether to switch
relatively simple. However, the process of setting forth a buying strategy can be complex, which is why
many public entities seek professional assistance when shopping for energy.
o For more information concerning hourly electric market prices for our region, please refer to
www.pjm.com.
Page 76
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing (cont.)
Natural Gas Accounts:
o The natural gas market in New Jersey is also deregulated. Unlike the electric market, there are no
“penalties”, or “adders”, for not shopping for natural gas. Most customers that remain with the utility for
natural gas service pay rates that are market-based and that fluctuate on a monthly basis. While natural
gas is a commodity that is exceptionally volatile and that is traded minute-by-minute during open trading
sessions, market rates are “settled” each month, 3 business days prior to the subsequent month (this is
called the “prompt month”). Customers that do not shop for a natural gas supplier will typically pay this
monthly settlement rate to the utility, plus other costs that are necessary to bring gas from Louisiana up
to New Jersey and ultimately to your facility.
o For additional information about natural gas trading and current market futures rates for various
commodities, you can refer to www.nymex.com.
o A customer’s decision about whether to buy natural gas from a retail supplier is typically dependent
upon whether a customer seeks budget certainty and/or longer-term rate stability. Customers can
secure longer-term fixed prices by enlisting a retail natural gas supplier. Many larger natural gas
customers also seek the assistance of a professional consultant to assist in their procurement process.
Page 77
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Retail Energy Purchasing: Recommendations and Resources
Electric
o Based on current and recent market conditions, and actual bid processes run by Dome-Tech for various
clients during 2010, we have seen customers with BGS-FP accounts save approximately 10-20% in
projected energy costs by switching to a retail energy supplier. The Township could secure this type of
agreement, this could represent an annual savings of approximately $41,000 for the larger accounts at
the Township. It is important to note that actual rates and potential savings will be dependent on several
factors, including market conditions, account usage characteristics/load profile (load factor), volume, and
contract term. For the period studied, the Township was not utilizing a third party supplier for electricity.
Natural Gas
o Based on current and recent market conditions, and actual bid processes run by Dome-Tech for various
clients during 2010, we have seen many customers entering into longer-term contracts for fixed natural
gas rates. These rates vary substantially based on load type, volume, and term. For the period studied,
the Township was not utilizing a third party supplier for natural gas.
Energy Purchasing Co-Operatives
Many public entities participate in various energy aggregation buying groups. Sometimes, an entity will
have multiple options to choose from. These might include purchasing through a County co-operative,
or purchasing through a trade-type association (for instance, many schools participate in NJASBO’s
ACES program). Co-operative purchasing may not necessarily get you the lowest rates; however, there
is often substantial volume, and it can represent a good alternative for entities with limited energy
consumption who can have a difficult time getting energy suppliers to respond to them on a direct,
singular basis.
To determine whether a savings opportunity currently exists for your entity, or for guidance on how to get
started, you may contact Dome-Tech to discuss. There is also additional information provided below.
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Retail Energy Purchasing: Recommendations and Resources (cont.)
To learn more about energy deregulation, visit the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities website:
www.bpu.state.nj.us
For more information about the retail energy supply companies that are licensed and registered
to serve customers in New Jersey, visit the following website for more information:
http://www.bpu.state.nj.us/bpu/commercial/shopping.html
Provided below is a list of NJ BPU-licensed retail energy suppliers:
Company Electricity Natural Gas Website
Hess X X hess.com
Sprague X X spragueenergy.com
UGI X X ugienergyservices.com
South Jersey Energy X X southjerseyenergy.com
Direct X X directenergy.com
Global X X globalp.com
Liberty X libertpowercorp.cm
ConEd Solutions X conedsolutions.com
Constellation X newenergy.com
Glacial X glacialenergy.com
Integrys X integrysenergy.com
Suez X suezenergyresources.com
Sempra X semprasolutions.com
Woodruff X woodruffenergy.com
Mx Energy X mxenergy.com
Hudson X hudsonenergyservices.com
Great Eastern X greateasterngas.com
*Note: Not every Supplier serves customers in all utility territories within New Jersey.
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Historical Energy Futures Settlement Prices
Below please find graphs that show the last several years’ worth of market settlement prices for both natural gas and
electricity. Each of these graphs shows the average closing prices of a rolling 12-month period of energy futures
prices. The graphs are representative of the commodity, alone; they do not include any of the additional components
(capacity, transmission, ancillary services, etc.) that comprise a retail energy price. They are meant to provide an
indication of the level of pricing that a particular customer might expect to see, but the graphs do not account for the
specific load profile of any individual energy user.
Henry Hub 12 month strip PJM West 12 month strip
PJM West Electricity - 12 Month Strip
49.5050.10
56.46
102.02
74.2384.08
70.53
62.06
52.10
48.82
0.000
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
4/1/2003
6/1/2003
8/1/2003
10/1/2003
12/1/2003
2/1/2004
4/1/2004
6/1/2004
8/1/2004
10/1/2004
12/1/2004
2/1/2005
4/1/2005
6/1/2005
8/1/2005
10/1/2005
12/1/2005
2/1/2006
4/1/2006
6/1/2006
8/1/2006
10/1/2006
12/1/2006
2/1/2007
4/1/2007
6/1/2007
8/1/2007
10/1/2007
12/1/2007
2/1/2008
4/1/2008
6/1/2008
8/1/2008
10/1/2008
12/1/2008
2/1/2009
4/1/2009
6/1/2009
8/1/2009
10/1/2009
12/1/2009
2/1/2010
4/1/2010
Trade Date
$/M
WH
Henry Hub Natural Gas - 12 Month Strip
4.87
8.22
12.71
10.09
7.14
8.62
8.29
13.33
8.10
0.000
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
4/1/2003
6/1/2003
8/1/2003
10/1/2003
12/1/2003
2/1/2004
4/1/2004
6/1/2004
8/1/2004
10/1/2004
12/1/2004
2/1/2005
4/1/2005
6/1/2005
8/1/2005
10/1/2005
12/1/2005
2/1/2006
4/1/2006
6/1/2006
8/1/2006
10/1/2006
12/1/2006
2/1/2007
4/1/2007
6/1/2007
8/1/2007
10/1/2007
12/1/2007
2/1/2008
4/1/2008
6/1/2008
8/1/2008
10/1/2008
12/1/2008
2/1/2009
4/1/2009
6/1/2009
8/1/2009
10/1/2009
12/1/2009
2/1/2010
4/1/2010
Trade Date
$/M
MB
tu
3.9
Page 80
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Operations & Maintenance
Library - Windows Open while AC is running
Library - Open window while space is being air-conditioned
Issue: Windows open while AC is running.
Impact: Excessive HVAC cost due to outside air infiltration.
Recommendation: Emphasize closing of windows and doors while
AC units are on. Energy Awareness Program.
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Operations & Maintenance
Kennedy Center - Repair Roof Access Hatch
Kennedy Center - Open hatch while space is being conditioned
Issue: Damaged roof access hatch is open while HVAC units are
running.
Impact: Excessive HVAC cost due to outside air infiltration.
Recommendation: Repair Roof Access
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Operations & Maintenance
Kennedy Center - Repair Damaged Skylights
Kennedy Center – Cracked Skylight
Issue: Damaged skylights.
Impact: Excessive heating cost due heat loss through skylights.
Recommendation: Repair or Cap skylight.
Page 83
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Operations & Maintenance
Kennedy Center - Repair Window Seals or Replace Windows
Kennedy Center – Damaged Seals
Issue: Worn window seals.
Impact: Excessive heating cost due heat loss through building seals.
Recommendation: Re-caulk or replace seals.
Page 84
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Operations & Maintenance
A survey of the facilities revealed a mixture of types and sizes of windows, doors
and functionality and condition varied throughout the buildings.
A window and door replacement project would result in a measurable improvement
in heat retention. In addition, increased aesthetic value and occupant comfort
would accompany a window and door project. It should be noted however, that
even an optimized window project can rarely be justified solely on economic
payback.
Because the economics alone are not sufficient to justify implementation, occupant
comfort and aesthetics should be the overriding considerations in moving forward
with this project.
Muncipal Building, Kennedy Center, Department of Public Works, Firehouse
163 – Window and Door ReplacementIssue: Old single pane windows and doors
Impact: Excess heating and cooling cost due heat
loss/ gain through the windows
Recommendation: Install dual pane energy
efficient windows and doors Kennedy Center – Single Pane windows
Page 85
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Potential Project Funding Sources
Through the NJ Clean Energy program, the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities currently
offers a variety of subsidies or rebates for many of the project types outlined in this report.
More detailed information can be found at: www.njcleanenergy.com
NJ Smart Start Buildings – Equipment Rebates noted in ECMs where available.Equipment Rebates - Water Heaters, Lighting, Lighting Controls/Sensors, Chillers, Boilers, Heat
pumps, Air conditioners, Energy Mgmt. Systems/Building Controls, Motors, Motor-ASDs/VSDs,
Custom/Others http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/programs/nj-smartstart-
buildings/nj-smartstart-buildings
Pay for Performance Program – Performance-Based Incentives for installations.
Provides up to 50% of total project costs. The Kennedy Center could be provided under this
program up to $50,000 in incentives for project implementation . A minimum reduction target of
15% compared to baseline must be achieved. Energy modeling of building and systems and energy
reduction plan is required (incentives provided to pay for part of study costs.)
Energy Savings Improvement Program (ESIP) Public entities can contract with energy
saving companies in up to 20-year lease purchases enabling public entities to implement energy
conservation measures to their facilities and pay for the costs using the value of energy savings that
result from the improvements.
www.nj.gov/dca/lgs/lfns/09lfns/2009-11.doc
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Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Potential Project Funding Sources (continued)
Direct Install Program – NJ Clean Energy makes the investment in energy efficiency upgrades by
initially covering 60% of the cost to install the recommended energy efficiency measures. If eligible, the
entity will pay ONLY 40% of the total cost to install the energy efficiency measures.
http://www.njcleanenergy.com/commercial-industrial/programs/direct-install
We encourage you to contact the program directly for further information on this program for all buildings.
Steps to Participate for Buildings
1. CONTACT THE PARTICIPATING CONTRACTOR IN YOUR AREA
Identify the contractor assigned and trained to provide Direct Install services in the county where your project is located. Using the contact
information provided, call or email the Participating Contractor to discuss your project. The contractor will schedule an Energy Assessment and work
with you to complete the Program Application and Participation Agreement. If you’re unable to contact the Participating Contractor or have
questions, you may contact us at 866-NJSMART or send an e-mail to [email protected]..
2. REVIEW RESULTS
After the Energy Assessment, the contractor will review results with you, including what measures qualify and your share of the project cost.
3. DECIDE TO MOVE FORWARD
You will sign a Scope of Work document to proceed with implementation of qualifying measures.
4. ARRANGE INSTALLATION
You and the Participating Contractor will set a convenient start date for the installation.
5. CONFIRM INSTALLATION
Once the Participating Contractor completes the installation, you accept the work by signing a Project Completion Form. A program representative
will approve the project as complete.
6. COMPLETE TRANSACTION
You pay the Participating Contractor your share of the project cost and the program pays its share.
Building Estimated Direct Install Incentive Building Estimated Direct Install Incentive
Municipal Building $20,634 Firehouse 161 $108
Kennedy Center $172,266 Firehouse 162 $18
Library $35,202 Firehouse 163 $108
Public Works Building $3,096
Page 87
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Potential Project Funding Sources (continued)
Clean Energy Solutions Capital Investment Loan/GrantThe EDA offers up to $5 million in interest-free loans and grants to promote the concept of "going
green" in New Jersey. Under this program, scoring criteria based on the project's environmental and
economic development impact determines the percentage split of loan and grant awarded. Funding
can be used to purchase fixed assets, including real estate and equipment, for an end-use energy
efficiency project, combined heat and power (CHP or cogen) production facility, or new state-of-the-art
efficient electric generation facility, including Class I and Class II renewable Energy.
http://www.njeda.com/web/Aspx_pg/Templates/Npic_Text.aspx?Doc_Id=1078&menuid=1360&topid=72
2&levelid=6&midid=1357
Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) – For Renewable Energy ProjectsFederal Loan Program for Solar Thermal Electric, Photovoltaics, Landfill Gas, Wind, Biomass,
Hydroelectric, Geothermal Electric, Municipal Solid Waste, Hydrokinetic Power, Anaerobic Digestion,
Tidal Energy, Wave Energy, Ocean Thermal
http://www.irs.gov/irb/2007-14_IRB/ar17.html
Renewable funding for PV & wind, plus federal credits currently available: http://www.njcleanenergy.com/renewable-energy/programs/renewable-energy-incentive-
program/applications-and-e-forms-renewable-ener
Page 88
Township of Willingboro, Willingboro, NJ FINAL Energy Audit Report, December 2010
Next Steps
The following projects should be considered for implementation:
Install Building Management System
Lighting upgrades
Install Energy Efficient Condensing Boilers
Install Computer Management System – Kennedy Center
Vending machine power management
Domestic Hot Water Optimization & Timer – Municipal & Library
Start Energy Awareness Program
Energy Procurement (Electricity & Gas)
Note that additional “Phase 2” engineering may be required to further develop these projects, to
bring them to bidding and implementation.
Consider applying for Direct Install Program
Page 89