E-Usage & E-Access Baseline Survey 2004
E-Usage & E-Access Baseline Survey 2004
Table of ContentsTable of Contents Introduction Methodology Household E-Usage Perception of Telecom Namibia Mobile Usage Public/Work Phone Usage Internet Cafe Usage Namibia compared Conclusion
Introduction Methodology Household E-Usage Perception of Telecom Namibia Mobile Usage Public/Work Phone Usage Internet Cafe Usage Namibia compared Conclusion
IntroductionIntroduction Surveys were carried out in 11 countries
(Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia)
Aim: understanding demand and usage pattern; what is happening in the ICT sector from the lens of the user
Surveys were carried out in 11 countries (Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia)
Aim: understanding demand and usage pattern; what is happening in the ICT sector from the lens of the user
MethodologyMethodology National Household Survey Namibia split into three regions for sampling:
Major Urban (Windhoek, Walvisbay, Swakopmund), Other Urban, Rural
Random sampling procedure 854 households were sampled and information for
4163 household members collected Information was collected for all household
members Questionnaire was based on UN Surveys Classifications were used for living conditions and
exposure to consumer electronics
National Household Survey Namibia split into three regions for sampling:
Major Urban (Windhoek, Walvisbay, Swakopmund), Other Urban, Rural
Random sampling procedure 854 households were sampled and information for
4163 household members collected Information was collected for all household
members Questionnaire was based on UN Surveys Classifications were used for living conditions and
exposure to consumer electronics
Houses with a grid electricity connection:
94.6%
72.3%
6.1%
Major towns Other Urban Rural
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
What type of grid electricity connnection is it?
39.8%
4.8%
51.2%
4.3%
Mains -exclusive to the
household
Mains - sharedwith otherhouseholds
Pre-paid -exclusive to the
household
Pre-paid -shared with
otherhouseholds
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
68.0%
32.6%
16.7%
5.3%1.1%
22.2%25.7%
60.9%55.6%
0.94%5.43% 5.56%
Major towns Other Urban Rural
Mains - exclusive to the household Mains - shared with other households
Pre-paid - exclusive to the household Pre-paid - shared with other households
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
55.0% 53.6%50.9%
58.8%
6.3% 5.0%2.7%
0.0%
5.4%2.3% 2.7%
0.0%
41.2%43.8%
39.2%
33.3%
N$ 0 to 999 N$ 1,000 to 4,999 N$ 5,000 to 9,999 N$ 10,000 or more
Mains - exclusive to the household Pre-paid - exclusive to the household
Mains - shared with other households Pre-paid - shared with other households
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
Yes, my household has a working É
5.9%
11.5%
21.9%
29.4%
31.1%
33.9%
43.3%
77.0%
DVD
VCR
CD player
electric cooker/stove
television
refrigerator
cassette player
radio
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
Average Consumer Electronics Exposure Index
2.34
4.06
5.476.04
N$ 0 to 999 N$ 1,000 to4,999
N$ 5,000 to9,999
N$ 10,000 ormore
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
Does your household have access to a postal box?
61.0%
70.0%
18.4%12.9%
17.4%
34.7%
26.1%
12.6%
46.9%
Major towns Other Urban Rural
Yes, personal family box Yes, communal box No
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
36.28 28.81
213.47
36.0319.71
127.98
Major towns Other Urban Rural
post office
other than a post office (i.e. shop, school, office etc.) where one can post a letter
Average time in minutes that it takes to reach the nearest É by foot
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
Yes, my houshold has a household phone!
14.70%22.29%
34.75%
55.74%
N$ 0 to 999 N$ 1,000 to 4,999 N$ 5,000 to 9,999 N$ 10,000 or more
Household E-UsageHousehold E-Usage
Perception of Telecom NamibiaPerception of Telecom Namibia
Telecom Namibia responds promptly to our concerns!
Telecom Namibia’s services are excellent! Telecom Namibia has good customer care
practices! Telecom Namibia's tariffs and rates are
reasonable!
Telecom Namibia responds promptly to our concerns!
Telecom Namibia’s services are excellent! Telecom Namibia has good customer care
practices! Telecom Namibia's tariffs and rates are
reasonable!
58%54%
40%
23%19% 19%
66%
24%
27%
15%
36%
19%
Telecom Namibiaresponds promptly
to our concerns
Telecom Namibiaservices are
excellent
Telecom Namibiahas good customer
care practices
Telecom Namibia'stariffs and rates are
reasonable
Agree Neither/nor DisagreeNamibians agreeing or disagreeing with following statements:
Perception of Telecom NamibiaPerception of Telecom Namibia
32.8%29.1%
13.6%
26.9%23.1%
28.8%
40.3%47.8%
57.6%
Major towns Other Urban Rural
agree neither/nor disagree
Telecom Namibia's tariffs and rates are reasonable!
Perception of Telecom NamibiaPerception of Telecom Namibia
Mobile Phone UsageMobile Phone Usage
19.1%
33.7%
27.9%
9.3%
4.5%2.5% 3.0%
1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 yearsor more
How long ago (months) did you get your first mobile phone?
45.5%
34.9%
15.9%
27.4%
14.9%12.0%
25.7%
11.9%
7.3%
16.36%
7.27%
0.0%
Family Friends Neighbours
N$ 0 to 999 N$ 1,000 to 4,999
N$ 5,000 to 9,999 N$ 10,000 or more
Family members, neighbours and friends use regularily my mobile phone; by household income categories:
Mobile Phone UsageMobile Phone Usage
23.5%
10.9%8.1%
27.3%
12.6%
4.9%
70.6%
61.8%
38.2%
Family Friends Neighbours
Major townsOther UrbanRural
Family members, neighbours and friends use regularily my mobile phone; by location:
Mobile Phone UsageMobile Phone Usage
Average number of SMS sent weekly by age group:
8.33
4.963.79 3.64
below 25 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 or more
Mobile Phone UsageMobile Phone Usage
41.9%
29.5% 28.4%
13.0%
48.8%
29.5% 28.7%
9.3%
N$ 0 to 999 N$ 1,000 to 4,999 N$ 5,000 to 9,999 N$ 10,000 or more
Give missed calls on a regular basis Get missed calls on a regular basis
Mobile Phone UsageMobile Phone Usage
Public/Work Phone UsagePublic/Work Phone Usage
81.8%
27.2% 27.9%
87.9%
25.2%29.7%
79.2%
9.4%
56.2%
public pay phone (callbox)
telecentres/communitypublic access phone
private telephone kiosk
Major Towns Other Urban Rural
Yes, a household member used É during the past three months!
11.47 10.85
62.00
15.51
6.19
41.50
18.36
11.26
50.07
Major Urban Other Urban Rural
public payphonestelecentres/community public access phoneprivate telephone kiosks
Average time in minutes to reach the next É from the house on foot:
Public/Work Phone UsagePublic/Work Phone Usage
51.0%
38.0%
4.8% 6.3%
Closest to me Best value for money Safest place ot callfrom
Always working
What is the main reason you use or visit a certain type of public payphone more than others?
Public/Work Phone UsagePublic/Work Phone Usage
31.9%
40.0%
31.4%
public payphones telecentres/communitypublic access phone
private telephone kiosks
Yes, I used É during the past three months and I have a cellphone!
Public/Work Phone UsagePublic/Work Phone Usage
23.5%
29.2%26.9%
public pay phone telecentres/communitypublic access phone
private telephone kiosks
Yes, I used É during the past three months and the houshold I am living in has a household phone!
Public/Work Phone UsagePublic/Work Phone Usage
Internet Cafe UsageInternet Cafe Usage
Only 51 out of 854 households surveyed had a household members that use the Internet
Out of 4163 household members, only 3.9% (162) had an email address
Those that used the Internet were highly exposed to consumer electronics (average 7.88)
In urban areas the main barrier to private Internet access is income and access to fixed line telephony
Only 51 out of 854 households surveyed had a household members that use the Internet
Out of 4163 household members, only 3.9% (162) had an email address
Those that used the Internet were highly exposed to consumer electronics (average 7.88)
In urban areas the main barrier to private Internet access is income and access to fixed line telephony
Namibia ComparedNamibia Compared
Namibia compared to the average of lower-middle-income countries in 2003
33.29
16.4714.26
11.63
6.623.38
Cellular mobile telephonesubscribers per 100
inhabitants
Main telephone lines inoperations per 100
inhabitants
Internet users per 100inhabitants
lower-middle-income countries Namibia
Namibia ComparedNamibia Compared
Percentage of households with a fixed line telephone:
1.2
2.6
4.5
5
5.3
10
13
23.4
25.6
Uganda
Tanzania
Rwanda
Ethiopia
Cameroon
Zambia
Namibia
South Africa
Botswana
Namibia ComparedNamibia Compared
Percentage of households with one or more cell phones:
1.1
11.7
24.6
26.4
32.6
33.3
51.8
52.9
56.7
Ethiopia
Uganda
Zambia
Rwanda
Namibia
Tanzania
Cameroon
Botswana
South Africa
Namibia ComparedNamibia Compared
Percentage of households with one or more email addresses:
0.4
2.1
3.7
5.6
6.3
8.4
9.9
11.3
18.4
Ethiopia
Uganda
Namibia
Tanzania
Zambia
South Africa
Botswana
Rwanda
Cameroon
ConclusionConclusion
Expenditure for communication has increased disproportionally compared to increase in disposable income
Reducing costs of communication is key to bridge the digital divide
Victory of pre-paids: cell-phone, electricity, household phones. Poor people prefer not to enter into financial commitments
Namibia is lagging behind its potential
Expenditure for communication has increased disproportionally compared to increase in disposable income
Reducing costs of communication is key to bridge the digital divide
Victory of pre-paids: cell-phone, electricity, household phones. Poor people prefer not to enter into financial commitments
Namibia is lagging behind its potential
RecommendationsRecommendations
Open up the market: Plan was to have 2nd Fixed line operator by 2004 and second mobile operator by 2002 - 2005 still neither in sight
One potent regulator for the entire ICT industry -Namibia is still in regulatory limbo
Allow VOIP for everyone Free Telecom Namibia of its USO after opening of
the market Introduce a Universal Service Fund that directly
promotes rural and poor connectivity. This fund can be funded by a percentage of turnover of any telecom operator
Open up the market: Plan was to have 2nd Fixed line operator by 2004 and second mobile operator by 2002 - 2005 still neither in sight
One potent regulator for the entire ICT industry -Namibia is still in regulatory limbo
Allow VOIP for everyone Free Telecom Namibia of its USO after opening of
the market Introduce a Universal Service Fund that directly
promotes rural and poor connectivity. This fund can be funded by a percentage of turnover of any telecom operator
Brining Down the Costs:Brining Down the Costs:
RecommendationsRecommendations
Use innovative technologies to connect more Namibians: fixed-mobile convergence, telephony over power lines…)
Increase Namibia’s international bandwidth (connect to undersea cable, VSAT)
Free dedicated radio spectrum for rural communities and schools
Market the remaining radio spectrum (auction)
Use innovative technologies to connect more Namibians: fixed-mobile convergence, telephony over power lines…)
Increase Namibia’s international bandwidth (connect to undersea cable, VSAT)
Free dedicated radio spectrum for rural communities and schools
Market the remaining radio spectrum (auction)
Wider and better access to ICT:Wider and better access to ICT:
Telecommunication (ICT) used to be of strategic, military importance
Today ICT is of strategic economic and social importance!
The lower the costs of ICTs the more economic growth, employment and
equal access to information!
Telecommunication (ICT) used to be of strategic, military importance
Today ICT is of strategic economic and social importance!
The lower the costs of ICTs the more economic growth, employment and
equal access to information!