E-Diplomacy:
Between Tradition and Innovations
Jovan Kurbalija &
Vladimir Radunović
Kolašin, Montenegro
June 2013
Internet: Dependence
2
Internet: Dependence
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“Walking the Talk”
http://www.diplomacy.edu/e-diplomacy
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Context of our discussion
Interplay between
Continuity and Change
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24 hours day
8 pieces of information in working memory
148 stable social contacts to maintain (Dunbar’s number)
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Thousands years of the history of diplomacy
Evolution of Diplomacy: Continuity & Change
Story of Continuity and Change
“My God, this is the end of
diplomacy.”
Reaction of Lord Palmerston when he received the first telegraph back in
1850s
However…
Lord Palmerston
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British Cable Monopoly
EVOLUTION of Modern Diplomacy
Changes in the ENVIRONMENT for diplomatic activities
Introduction of NEW TOPICS on diplomatic agendas Introduction of NEW TOOLS for diplomatic activities
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WHERE?
NEW ENVIRONMENTFOR DIPLOMATIC ACTIVITIES
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Changing ENVIRONMENT for Diplomatic Activities
Globalisation & Interdependence
Disintermediation (“no need for the middle man”)
New Assets and Cable Geo-Strategy
New Actors – Inclusiveness
Space
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Globalisation&Interdependence
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Disintermediation
Embassies? Citizens?
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New National Assets
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530.000 .me domains with owners from 200 countries and territories.
If one domain cost Euro 10 it brings 5 million Euro to local economy
Premium domains are much more expensive. This month competition for Around.ME, Hire.ME, Fund.ME, Find.ME, For.ME
Cable Geo-Strategy
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Data Geo-Strategy
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Emotional Geo-Strategy
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Source: http://www.facebookstories.com/stories/1574/interactive-mapping-the-world-s-friendships#color=continent&story=1&country=ME
New Actors- Facilitated by the Internet-based communication
- Beyond governments and political elites
- Diplomats’ monopoly in foreign relations has been undermined.
- Need for dialogue with new actors in diplomacy (broad enough – deep enough).
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Inter-professional Communication
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DiploFoun
datio
n
25
Dip
loF
ound
atio
nPerceptions and Professional Cultures
National CultureOrganisational Culture
Professional CultureE-Diplomacy, Kolašin, June 2013
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Space
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WHAT?
NEW TOPICSON DIPLOMATIC AGENDAS
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NEW TOPICS on Diplomatic Agendas
• Climate Change• Global Health• Internet Governance• Energy• Bio-diversity• Migration• …..
Multidisciplinary Nature of the New Topics
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Dip
loF
ound
atio
nIG
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Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
Telecom infrastructure (cable, wireless, ...)
Protocols, standards and services (DNS, TCP/IP, SSL...)
Content and applications (HTML, FTP, XML)
Internet Layers
Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
Source: ITU indoFec “ICT Regulation Toolkit”
IAP
Telcos
IXP
Access
Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
Domain
addr.
IP addr.
coe.int
193.164.
229.87
RIR
Registries
Registrars
Critical Internet Resources (CIR)
Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
Telecom industry
Service industry
Content industry
Cloud services providers
Cloud and content
Cyber-Security
Dip
loF
ou
nd
atio
n“Internet of Things” and Smart Cities
HOW?
NEW TOOLSFOR DIPLOMATIC ACTIVITIES
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E-tools forDiplomaticActivities
Vladimir Radunovic, DiploFoundation 2013
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NEW TOOLS
WEB 1.0 (websites and e-mail)Huge amount of informationGoogle-based knowledgeHow to get relevant and reliable
information?
WEB 2.0 (wiki, blog, social networking)Centrality of the Text & DraftingInformal CommunicationImportance for Policy and Social
Networking
Web 3.0. (Virtual Reality)Virtual EmbassyVirtual Negotiations
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Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
2.4 billion users (2012)
800 million active Facebook users
2.7 billion “likes” per day
200 million active Twitter users
175 million tweets per day
6.7 billion of mobile subscriptions
1.1 billion of global smartphone subscribers
Internet Stats
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Approximately 140 MFAs have established an online presence.
38% use Twitter37% use Facebook 28% use YouTube 6% have a blog (or blog roll) on their main website.
(DiploFoundation study – ongoing)
MFAs and social media
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Twiplomacy
128 heads of states on Twitter
250 accounts of world leaders
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Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
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“Everyone tells me I should be on Twitter, should I?”
Twitter?
Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
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What is the best timing to join e-diplomacy?
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Some principles…to be augmented
Put users, diplomats, particularly young officials in the driving seat. Make it as simple as possible. The higher the budget often the lower the impact of e-diplomacy
projects. Avoid a grand e-diplomacy strategy. You cannot succeed without failure. Make sure that failures are
contained and cheap and that lessons are learned. The most valuable resource is in the huge knowledge and experience
in people around you. Make sure you utilise it. E-diplomacy is much more than public diplomacy. You cannot control the message in social media. Top leadership is innovation’s best friend.
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Skills and knowledge
ONE DAY – learn how to use e-tools technically
ONE MONTH – learn about organisation and culture of e-tools, esp. social media space
ONE YEAR – use e-tools effectively
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essential
e-competencies
for diplomats
communicatecreate
collaborate curate
critique
audiences
Five Main Competences (5Cs)
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Curate
Find - Internet search, Wikipedia, Google scholar, e-resources, image textbook, etc
Filter - RSS feeds, Collate/collect: social and personal
bookmarking, mind-mapping, online storage Public curation
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eg. RSS – Netvibes: http://www.netvibes.com/diplosor
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Beware of filter bubbles…
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Communicate
Share /disseminate/ distribute - wiki, blog, discussion forum, email, Google+, twitter, online social networks
Promote - twitter, blog, online social networks, and email
Engage, engage, engage Anticipate and react
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Case study: Car of Canadian Embassy in Beijing
5656E-Diplomacy, Kolašin, June 2013
Collaborate
Wikis Google tools Blogs Webinars Integrated portals (mobile accessible
websites) Social networks
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Dip
loF
ound
atio
n
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§
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Create
Make digital content including audio, image, text, website, blog, video, wikis
Protect content through copyright, privacy, digital footprint
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Open data – are you ready?
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Critique
Monitor online media Assess the validity/authenticity of
sites/information Reflect on one’s own practice and that
of one's peers - blogs, forums etc
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69
Brian
Solis –
Th
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prism
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ttp://w
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con
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prism
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/
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Good luck with
your exams!
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DiploFoundationWeb:
www.diplomacy.edu/e-diplomacy
Twitter:@eDiplomat
Facebook:www.facebook.com/ediplomacy
Jovan Kurbalija [email protected]
@jovankurbalija
Vladimir [email protected]@vradunovic