8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
1/98
MC LC
1
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
2/98
DANH MC CC THUT NG VIT TT
BOD5 - Nhu cu oxy sinh ha o 200C o trong 5 ngy
CBCNV - Cn b cng nhn vin
CHXHCN - Cng ha x hi ch ngha
COD - Nhu cu oxy ha hc
CTCC - Cng trnh cng cng
CTNH - Cht thi nguy hi
DO - xy ha tan
EC - dn in
T - ng tnhTM - nh gi tc ng mi trng
MPN - S ln nht c th m c (phng php xc nh vi sinh)
NTU - n v o c
PCCC - Phng chy cha chy
Pt Co - n v o mu (thang mu Pt Co)
QCVN - Quy chun Vit Nam
SS - Cht rn l lng
TCVN - Tiu chun Vit Nam
UBND - y ban Nhn dn
WB - Ngn hng th gii
WHO - T chc Y t Th gii
VOC - Cht hu c bay hi
XD - Xy dng
XLNT - X l nc thi
2
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
3/98
M U
1. Xut x ca D n
a) Tm tt xut x ca D n
Cng vi s pht trin v nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi ca c nc
trong giai on cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. Bnh Dng l tnh c s thu
ht u t mnh m trong v ngoi nc vi nhiu loi hnh kinh t sn xut, kinh
doanh, dch v mang li hiu qu kinh t cao cho tnh nh. Kinh t ngy cng pht
trin i sng ca ngi dn ngy cng nng cao, nhu cu s dng nhng sn phm
tin dng ngy cng tng, c bit l cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng.
T nhng yu cu th trng v kh nng nguyn liu di do phong ph (nhpkhu nc ngoi v trong nc), ngnh sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh,
g gia dng xut khu khng nhng m rng m cn chuyn hng a dng cc mt
hng, nng cao cht lng to ra cc sn phm c gi tr cao, tng bc chuyn cc
mt hng truyn thng nh hin nay sang xut khu mt hng cao cp tm kim th
trng mi, xut khu ra cc nc trn th gii.
Trc nhng thun li , Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng tin hnh u t
Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut
120.000 sn phm/nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2nhm sn xut ra cc mt hng cht
lng cao vi mu m p v hin i, tng cng sc cnh tranh, gia tng th phn
ca Cng ty trn th trng khu vc v quc t.
Chp hnh Lut bo v mi trng do Quc hi Nc Cng ha X hi Ch
ngha Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Ngh nh s
29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh nh gi mi trng
chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng. Thng t s
05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic
hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v
cam kt bo v mi trng. D n phi lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng trnh
Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt.
b) C quan, t chc c thm quyn ph duyt D n u t
Cn c theo Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCNVit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005, Ngh nh s 108/2006/N CP ngy
3
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
4/98
22/09/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca
Lut u t; Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003; Ngh nh 12/2009/N CP ngy
10/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh; Ngh nh s
29/2008/N CP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v KCN, khu ch xut v
khu kinh t; Thng t 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v
Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao,
khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip; Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995ca
Th tng Chnh ph v vic thnh lp Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh
Dng; Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008ca UBND tnh Bnh
Dng v vic quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Ban
qun l cc Khu cng nghip Bnh Dng. Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng phi
lp D n u t trnh Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt.
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng
(TM)
2.1. Cn c php lut v vn bn k thut
Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005; Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam
thng qua ngy 26/11/2003;
Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003;
Lut Ti nguyn nc s 08/1998/QH10 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN
Vit Nam thng qua ngy 20/05/1998 v Ch tch nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam k lnh cng b ngy 01/06/1998;
Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam
thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005;
Lut Ha cht s 06/2007/QH12 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam
thng qua ngy 21 thng 11 nm 2007;
Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut ngy 29 thng 06 nm 2006;
Lut Phng chy cha chy do Quc hi nc Cng ha X hi Ch nghaVit Nam ban hnh ngy 29/06/2001;
4
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
5/98
Ngh nh s 43/2010/N CP ngy 15/04/2010 ca Chnh ph v ng k
kinh doanh;
Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic
Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi
trng;
Ngh nh s 21/2008/N CP ngy 28/2/2008 ca Chnh ph v Sa i,
b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09 thng 08
nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh
mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh
v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt
bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 108/2008/N CP ngy 07/10/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh
chi tit v hng dn mt s iu ca Lut Ha cht 2007;
Ngh nh s 90/2009/N CP ngy 20/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic quy
nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong hot ng ho cht;
Ngh nh s 59/2007/N CP ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn ban
hnh ngy 09/04/2007; Ngh nh s 174/2007/N CP ngy 29/11/2007 ca Chnh ph v ph bo
v mi trng i vi cht thi rn;
Ngh nh s 117/2009/N CP ngy 31/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v x pht
vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh v
thot nc th v khu cng nghip;
Ngh nh s 29/2008/N CP ngy 14/3/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v
khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t;
Thng t s 09/2009/TT BXD ngy 21/5/2009 quy nh chi tit thc hin
mt s ni dung ca Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca
Chnh ph v thot nc th v khu cng nghip;
Thng t s 05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v
Mi trng v vic hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc,nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;
5
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
6/98
Thng t s 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v
Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng
ngh cao, khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip;
Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi;
Thng t s 04/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban
hnh quy chun k thut v cht lng nc n ung;
Thng t s 05/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban
hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot;
Thng t s 16/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 07 thng 10 nm 2009 v vic
Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
Thng t s 25/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 11 nm 2009 v vic Ban
hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
Thng t s 39/2010/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 12 nm 2010 v vic
Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Y
t v vic Ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07
thng s v sinh lao ng; Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B
Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v
mi trng;
Quyt nh s 04/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 18 thng 07 nm 2008 v vic
Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
Quyt nh s 16/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 31 thng 12 nm 2008 v vic
Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic
thnh lp Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng;
Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008 ca UBND tnh Bnh
Dng v vic Ban hnh quy nh chc nng nhim v, quyn hn v c
cu t chc ca Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng;
6
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
7/98
2.2. Tiu chun, quy chun p dng
TCVSL 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 : Cht lng mi trng
khng kh trong khu vc sn xut.
QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc
sinh hot.
QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng
khng kh xung quanh.
QCVN 06 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht
c hi trong khng kh xung quanh.
QCVN 07 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ngng cht
thi nguy hi.
QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.
QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng
nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.
QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi
cng nghip.
QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.2.3. Ngun ti liu v d liu tham kho
Cc ti liu k thut ca T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) v Ngn hng
Th gii (WB) v xy dng Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
Trn Ngc Chn. nhim khng kh v x l kh thi. Nh xut bn
khoa hc k thut, H Ni 3/2001.
Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 1 : Rapid
Inventory techniques in Environmental Pollution, WHO, Geneva 1993.
Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 2 :
Approaches for consideration in fomulating Environmental control
strategies, WHO, Geneva 1993.
Standard methods for water and waste water examination, New York,
1989.
7
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
8/98
WHO (1979), Sulphur oxides and suspended particulate matter.
Environmental Health Criteria Document No.8, World health
Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Water Resources Engineering. Mc Graw Hill International Editions;
Air pollution control engineering. Noel De nevers. Mc Graw Hill
International Editions.
Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level measurement
procedue for powered mobile construction equipment SAE recommended
practice J188a, 1976.
Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level for engine
powered equipment SAE recommended practice J188a, 1976.
US. Department of transportation, Federal Highway Administration
FHWA roadway construction noise model users guide. FHWA HEP
05 054, January 2006.
Cc Website : http://www.nea.gov.vn.
2.4.Ngun ti liu, d liu do Ch d n to lp
D n u t ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.
3. Cc phng php s dng trong qu trnh nh gi tc ng mi trngThc hin bo co TM cho d n, Chng ti kt hp nhiu phng php
khc nhau. Bi v, mi phng php u c nhng u nhc im ring, khi kt hp
li s gip cho qu trnh nh gi cc tc ng mi trng pht sinh trong qu trnh
trin khai i vo hot ng ca d n. T , Chng ti c th nhn din v nh gi
ton din cc tc ng c th xy ra. C th, cc phng php s dng trong qu
trnh thc hin TM v lp bo co TM bao gm :
3.1. Phng php nhn dng
M t h thng mi trng.
Xc nh cc thnh phn ca d n nh hng n mi trng.
Nhn dng y cc dng thi, cc vn mi trng c lin quan
phc v cho cng tc nh gi chi tit.
3.2. Phng php iu tra, kho st hin trng
Kho st hin trng l iu bt buc khi thc hin cng tc TM xc nhhin trng khu t thc hin d n nhm lm c s cho vic o c, ly mu phn tch
8
http://www.nea.gov.vn/http://www.nea.gov.vn/8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
9/98
cng nh lm c s cho vic nh gi v xut cc bin php kim sot v gim
thiu nhim mi trng, chng trnh qun l mi trng, gim st mi trng,...
Do vy, qu trnh kho st hin trng cng chnh xc v y th qu trnh nhn
dng cc i tng b tc ng cng nh xut cc bin php gim thiu cc tc
ng cng chnh xc, thc t v kh thi.
3.3. Phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu
Vic ly mu v phn tch mu ca cc thnh phn mi trng l khng
th thiu trong vic xc nh v nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng
nn ti khu vc trin khai d n.
Sau khi kho st hin trng, chng trnh ly mu v phn tch mu s
c lp ra vi ni dung chng trnh nh : V tr ly mu, thng s o
c v phn tch, nhn lc, thit b v dng c cn thit, thi gian thc
hin, k hoch bo qun mu, k hoch phn tch,...
Cc phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu p dng cho tng
thnh phn mi trng (t, nc, khng kh,...) c trnh by r trong
phn ph lc.
3.4. Phng php phn tch h thng
y l phng php c p dng kh ph bin trong mi trng.
u im ca phng php ny l nh gi ton din cc tc ng, rt
hu ch trong vic nhn dng cc tc ng v ngun thi.
Xem xt cc ngun thi, ngun gy tc ng, i tng b tc ng,...
nh cc phn t trong mt h thng c mi quan h cht ch vi nhau. T
, xc nh, phn tch v nh gi cc tc ng.
3.5. Phng php lit k
c s dng kh ph bin (k t khi c C quan bo v mi trng quc gia ra
i mt s nc NEPA) v mang li nhiu kt qu kh quan do c nhiu u im
nh trnh by cch tip cn r rng, cung cp tnh h thng trong sut qu trnh phn
tch v nh gi h thng. Bao gm hai loi chnh :
Bng lit k m t : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghin cu
cng vi cc thng tin v o c, d on v nh gi.
Bng lit k n gin : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghincu c kh nng b tc ng.
9
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
10/98
3.6. Phng php so snh
y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc TM, c s dng rng ri
trn th gii. Thng thng phng php ny c hai cch tip cn :
So snh vi gi tr quy nh trong tiu chun, quy chun.
So snh vi cc s liu o c thc t vi cc D n tng t.
3.7. Phng php nh gi nhanh
y l phng php ph bin trong cng tc TM.
Phng php ny rt hu dng xc nh nhanh v d bo hm lng v ti
lng cc cht nhim (khng kh, nc,...) da trn cc s liu c c t D n.
Phng php ny s dng cc h s pht thi c thng k bi cc c quan,
t chc v chng trnh c uy tn ln trn th gii nh T chc Y t Th gii (WHO),
C quan bo v mi trng ca m (USEPA), Chng trnh kim k cht thi ca c
(National Pollutant Inventory NPI).
3.8. Phng php k tha v tng hp s liu
y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng
ni ring v cng tc nghin cu khoa hc ni chung.
K tha cc nghin cu v bo co c l thc s cn thit v khi s k tha
c cc kt qu t trc , ng thi pht trin tip nhng mt cn hn ch vtrnh nhng sai lm.
Tham kho cc ti liu, c bit l ti liu chuyn ngnh lin quan n d n, c
vai tr quan trng trong vic nhn dng v phn tch cc tc ng lin quan n hot
ng ca D n.
3.9. Phng php chuyn gia
Cc chuyn gia thuc nhiu lnh vc khc nhau (ti nguyn, qun l mi trng,
k thut mi trng, bn hc, chuyn ngnh sinh thi,...) s dng kin thc chuyn
mn ca mnh nhn dng, phn tch, nh gi cc tc ng c th ca D n.
4. T chc thc hin TM
Bo co TM cho D n : Nh mysn xut cc sn phm g th cng m
ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nmdo Cng ty TNHH Sn xut
Phc Thng lm Ch u t c s t vn ca Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn
Tng.Cc thng tin v n v t vn : Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn Tng
10
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
11/98
a ch : 69/7 Phan Vn Hn, P. Tn Thi Nht, Q.12,
Tp.HCM
i din : Th.S Trn Cao Tng
Chc v : Gim c
in thoi : 08. 35921486 0983355117
Fax : 08. 35921538
Bng 1 : Danh sch nhng ngi trc tip tham gia lp bo co TM cho d n
Stt Danh sch Chc v, n v Chuyn mn
1 Richard Forwood Gim c Cng ty TNHH Sn
xut Phc Thng
-
2 Th.S Trn Cao Tng Gim c Cng ty TNHHMi trng Vn Tng
Thc s miTrng
3 CN. Nguyn Th Minh Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH
Mi trng Vn Tng
C nhn mi
trng
4 CN. Trn Hu Phc Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH
Mi trng Vn Tng
C nhn mi
trng5 CN. Nguyn Th Din Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH
Mi trng Vn Tng
C nhn mi
trngCng vi cc thnh vin khc
11
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
12/98
CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N
1.1.Tn d n
NH MY SN XUT CC SN PHM G TH CNG M NGH, G
GIA DNG CNG SUT 120.000 SN PHM/NM
1.2. Ch d n
Ch d n : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.
Tn giao dch : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.
Tn vit tt : PTC., LTD.
a ch : S 8, ng s 22, KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng.
Loi hnh doanh nghip : Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin.
i in : ng Richard Lockton Lewis Forwood. Chc v : Gim c
in thoi : 0650. 3742 165 Fax : 0650. 3742 202
Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh
Dng cp Giy chng nhn u t hot ng ln u s 46212000823 ngy 27 thng
05 nm 2011 vi ngnh ngh kinh doanh : Sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m
ngh, g gia dng xut khu.
1.3. V tr a l ca D n
D n c xy dng ti s 8, ng 22 trong KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An,
tnh Bnh Dng nm trn vng tip gip vi hai thnh ph l Bin Ha v Thnh
ph H Ch Minh; l ca ng quan trng i cc tnh min Trung, Ty Nguyn v
cc tnh pha Bc.
KCN Sng Thn 2 l mt khu cng nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh
cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B, C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch :
Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20km v hng Ty Nam.
Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15km v hng ng Bc.
Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20km v hng Ty Bc.
Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15km v hng Ty Nam.
Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy hoch m
rng thnh ng Xuyn ).
Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni thng
tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).12
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%AAn_H%C3%B2ahttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAnhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%AAn_H%C3%B2ahttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAn8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
13/98
Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu.
V tr tip gip ca Nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 nh sau :
Pha Bc gip vi Cng ty TNHH Seiwa Kaiun Vit Nam trong KCN Sng
Thn 2.
Pha Nam gip vi Cng ty TNHH Quc t Wimbledon trong KCN Sng
Thn 2.
Pha ng gip vi khu dn c.
Pha Ty gip vi ng s 22 KCN Sng Thn 2.
Ta ranh gii ca Nh my nh sau :
S hiu im 1 : X = 1205396,4; Y = 608204,0
S hiu im 2 : X = 1205391,0; Y = 608275,7 S hiu im 3 : X = 1205290,7; Y = 608277,1
S hiu im 4 : X = 1205287,9; Y = 608199,4
Khong cch t D n n cc nh my ang hot ng trong KCN l khong
10 m, khu vc dn c tp trung gn nht cch khu vc D n khong 50 m v vy s
c s tc ng cng hng ca D n vi cc nh my trong KCN gy nh hng n
mi trng khu vc xung quanh, cn phi c nhng bin php v mt qun l v k
thut nhm khng ch v gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc khi D n i vo hot ng gp phn bo v mi trng cho KCN Sng Thn 2 ni ring v th x D An, tnh
Bnh Dng ni chung.
13
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
14/98
Hnh 1.1 : S v tr ca Nh my Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng ti KCN
Sng Thn 2
1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca D n
1.4.1. Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh
Din tch ca Nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2 l 12.943 m2. Cc hng mc cng
trnh chnh ca Nh my c trnh by trong bng sau :
Bng 1.1 : Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca Nh my
Stt Hng mc n v tnh Din tch T l (%)
1 Nh vn phng m2
200 1,552 Nh kho, xng m2 7.822 60,43
3 Cn tin m2 374 2,89
4 Nh bo v m2 16 0,12
5 Nh v sinh m2 90 0,7
6 Nh xe m2 200 1,557 Din tch t giao thng m2 1.601 12,378 Din tch khu vc lu tr tm
thi CTNH
m2 50 0,39
9 Din tch trng cy xanh m2 2.590 20
14
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
15/98
Tng cng 12.943 100Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng
Bn v b tr mt bng tng th D n c nh km trong phn ph lc.
1.4.2. Cc cng trnh ph tr v kh nng p ng
Cc cng trnh ph tr nh h thng cung cp in, nc, cy xanh, h thngx l nc thi, c Ch u t KCN Sng Thn 2 u t xy dng. Sau y l
tng hng mc cng trnh c th v kh nng p ng i vi hot ng ca D n.
1.4.2.1. H thng thot nc ma
H thng thot nc ma trong phm vi Nh my c Cng ty tch ring bit
vi h thng thu gom nc thi. H thng mng thot nc ma u c cc h ga v
np an. Nc ma ny c dn vo h thng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Sng
Thn 2, sau chy vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.
1.4.2.2. H thng thu gom nc thi
H thng thu gom nc thi tch ring h thng thot nc ma, c xy
dng bng cc cng b tng ct thp 100 200 thu gom nc thi sinh hot sau
x l ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B sau mi
a v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip tc x l t
QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thivo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.
H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip nhn v x l
nc thi t cc Nh my trong KCN v thng qua h thng cng thu gom khp
kn. Cng sut x l ca h thng vo khong 4.000 m3/ngy.m. Ta lc trn ng
DT743, v tr t h thng thun li cho vic thu gom nc thi t KCN SngThn 2.
Ngun nc u vo theo thit k phi t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct
B sau khi qua x l nc thi u ra phi t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ngvi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9).
1.4.2.3. H thng cp nc
15
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
16/98
Ngun nc ca D n c ly t h thng cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2.
Lng nc cung cp cho ton b nhu cu s dng ca D n bao gm cp nc cho
sinh hot v hot ng khc (ti ng, cy xanh, PCCC,).
Cng sut Nh my cung cp nc sch ca KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000
m3/ngy.
1.4.2.4. H thng cung cp in
Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c
ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng
qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2.
ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01
my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15
lt/h.
1.4.2.5. Giao thng vn ti, thng tin lin lc
D n c xy dng trong KCN Sng Thn 2 thuc th x D An, tnh Bnh
Dng. Hin ti, D An c 5 Khu cng nghip i vo hot ng l Sng Thn 1,
Sng Thn 2, Bnh ng, Tn ng Hip A, Tn ng Hip B. D An c 3 tuyn
ng quan trng i qua l Quc l 1, Quc l 52 v tuyn ng st Bc Nam.
D An c 2 ga xe la quan trng l ga D An v ga Sng Thn; c nh my toaxe D An, mt nh my sn xut, sa cha u my v toa xe ln nht min Nam.
Trong tng lai s c mt tuyn ng st xut pht t ga Sng Thn i M Tho
chuyn ch hng ha, tri cy t cc tnh minTy Nam B v cc tnh minng
Nam B.
Nh vy D n nm ti khu vc c h thng giao thng tng i pht trin v
ang c xy dng hon chnh rt thun li cho vic vn chuyn nguyn liu v sn
phm ca D n.
Thng tin lin lc cng c u t xy dng, to s pht trin nhanh chng
trong thi gian qua v thi gian sp ti.
1.4.2.6. Cy xanh
D nh khi Nh my i vo hot ng, Cng ty quy hoch din tch trng cy
xanh thch hp vi din tch trng cy xanh khong 20% nhm to cnh quan xanh,
sch p v mt m cho Nh my. Vic trng cy xanh Cng ty chn la nhng cy
16
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_Thohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_Thohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%998/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
17/98
xanh thch hp cho cnh quan v mt khc gim thiu nhng tc ng pht sinh t nh
my n cc khu vc ln cn.
1.4.2.7. Trm tp kt cht thi rn sn xut v sinh hot
i vi loi hnh hot ng v cng sut ca D n thnh phn cht thi rn
ch yu l bao b, giy loi, cc cht hu c d phn hy, thc n tha t cc hot
ng sinh hot thng ngy ca cn b k thut, nhn vin trong Nh my. Cht thi
nguy hi c th pht sinh l pin c quy, bao b, gi lau dnh du ha cht c hi, than
hot tnh qua s dng, Cng ty xy dng mt khu vc tp kt cht thi rn m
bo cha cht thi rn pht sinh t D n mt cch an ton v v sinh. Cc cht thi
rn pht sinh t D n c Cng ty b tr phn loi ti ngun. Ty vo thnh phn v
c tnh ca tng loi rc m Cng ty trang b bao nilon v thng cha rc ring. Tt
c cc cht thi rn pht sinh t D n c Ch u t k hp ng x l theo ng
quy nh.
1.4.3. Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ca D n
Cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my c trnh by nh sau :
Hnh 1.2 : Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my
17
Ch nhm
S ch
Tinh ch
Nguyn liu sy
Lp rp
Sn
Dn, v trang tr
Lm mu
BiCht thi rn
Bi, ting n
Cht thi rn
Thnh phm
BiTing n
Bi, ting nCht thi rn
Bi snDung mi hu c
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
18/98
M t quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my
Nguyn liu g sy c Cng ty nhp v s cho qua cng on s ch
nguyn liu trc khi qua tip cng on tinh ch hon thin.
Cc nguyn liu sau khi tinh ch c cng nhn ca Nh my lp rp cc
nguyn liu ny li vi nhau to thnh sn phm.
Sau cng nhn tip tc ch nhm lm cho b mt sn phm sch, lng p
d dng cho cng on phun sn tip theo.
Sau khi b mt sn phm c sn th sn phm s c dn, v trang tr ln
trc khi c lm mu to thnh hng m ngh gi c.
Sn phm sau khi lm mu c ng gi thnh phm v lu vo kho cha
trc khi bn cho khch hng.
1.4.4. Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b ti Nh my
Cc my mc, trang tht b phc v cho qu trnh sn xut c trnh by trong
bng sau :
Bng 1.2 : Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b phc v cho Nh my
Stt Tn thit b S lng Cng sut Nm sn
xut
1 My bm cha chy v ph kinkm theo 2 10 KW 20102 H thng Camera quan st 1 08 Pcs 2010
3 My nn kh 1 50 HP 2010
4 My sy kh HYD 100, b lc khHYF 40A 40, b lc kh HYF40A 1
1 500 m3/h 2006
5 Bn phun sn 6000x2900x1300 1 650 W 2006
6 H thng bo chy theo PO 2118 1 - 2010
7 My chiu 3Mx24W, mn chiu,vt t thi cng
1 - 2010
8 My ch nhm bng TD 3300 1 5 HP 2006
9 My p Veneer & thit b km theo 1 1.000 tm/ngy 2010
10 My bm cha chy v cc thit bi km (PO 2919)
1 20 HP 2010
11 My phay g ng PO 3053 1 850 W 2006
12 My ch bin g qua s dng
(my Tubi nghing 1 trc)
1 300 kg/h 2006
13 My nh Canon G10 (BP. Sales) 1 - 2010
18
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
19/98
14 My ca lng TG CL600 cho BP.Sample (PO 3286)
1 500 W 2006
15 My lnh LG (phng p veneer) 1 2 HP 2010
16 My tri keo Vanees 1 350 W 2010
17 My ct Vanees 1 400 W 2010
18 My may Vanees 1 400 W 2010
19 My sy m g 1 500 W 2006
20 My pht in 3FA Mitsubishi 1 350 KVA 2010
21 My khoan ng EC 340 1 2,5 KW 2006
22 My bo 4 mt 1 23,75 KW 2006
23 My bn ct 1 300 W 2006
24 My nn kh PO4459 1 30 HP 201025 My ca nghing bn c bn y
MBS 300MIKIWAY1 5 HP 2006
26 My to mng m 02 u YOM 120YOWCHERNG
1 5 HP 2006
27 My Ripsaw li trn YFR 303YUHFARN
1 400 W 2006
28 My ch nhm thng BKM 37DA BOA BOARKE
1 600 W 2006
29 H thng ht bi cho Xng mu 1 - 2010
30 H thng ht bi sn 2 - 2010
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng
1.4.5. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu phc v cho Nh my
1.1.1.1. Nhu cu nguyn liu
Bng 1.3 : Nhu cu nguyn liu phc v cho hot ng sn xut
Stt Nguyn liu n v S Lng
1 G Veneer m
2
/nm 24.3002 G MDF, Plywood sheet/nm 6.7033 Cc loi g nguyn liu khc m3/nm 190
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng
1.1.1.2. Nhu cu s dng nhin liu
19
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
20/98
ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01
my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15
lt/h.
Vi khi lng ring ca du DO bng 0,85 kg/lt c th tnh ton c lng
du DO s dng l 12,75 kg/h.
Ngoi ra, Nh my cn s dng than hot tnh cho h thng x l kh thi ti
khu vc pha ch ha cht. Trung bnh nh k khong mt thng, Nh my tin hnh
thay lng than hot tnh qua s dng mt kh nng hp ph bng lng than hot
tnh mi. Khi lng than hot tnh s dng l 60 kg/thng tng ng 2 kg/ngy.
1.1.1.3. Nhu cu s dng ha cht
Nhu cu v ha cht s dng ti D n c trnh by trong bng sau :
Bng 1.4 : Cc loi ha cht ch yu phc v cho D n
Stt Nhin liu n v S lng Ngun cung cp1 30:77/A Sn lt PU-
F63FY0077-018.00KIPLt/nm 1.545 Cng ty ha cht
2 820-CDG-047-clear metalprimer
Lt/nm 1.034 Cng ty ha cht
3 Alcohol industry Lt/nm 4.000 Cng ty ha cht4 Axeton Lt/nm 9.870 Cng ty ha cht
5 Cane Sealer 370-CDG-055 Lt/nm 1.128 Cng ty ha cht6 Catalyt hard 30:45B (xctc cng 30:45B)-V66VN0045-004.50KIO
Lt/nm 1.283 Cng ty ha cht
7 Cht ty W601/W602 Lt/nm 798 Cng ty ha cht8 DC-1122-21 LC Yellow 10
Sheen PT VieLt/nm 800 Cng ty ha cht
9 Expo ty sn Lt/nm 581 Cng ty ha cht10 Filler 611 Lt/nm 1.262 Cng ty ha cht11 Keo Glue 502 Lt/nm 21.595 Cng ty ha cht
12 Hardener PUH-1561-33 S Lt/nm 1.884 Cng ty ha cht13 Keo p g Tiebond original
(5 Gallon)Lt/nm 1.780 Cng ty ha cht
14 MEP 1924-03 Clear Base Lt/nm 835 Cng ty ha cht15 Sn lt NC 10:03 Lt/nm 1.169 Cng ty ha cht16 Sn nc weather Lt/nm 1.634 Cng ty ha cht17 Thinner 16:01C (dung mi
NC) -R07KY0101-200.00L9F
Lt/nm 16.985 Cng ty ha cht
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng
1.1.1.4. Nhu cu s dng in
20
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
21/98
Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c
ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng
qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2.
Nhu cu s dng in ca Cng ty bao gm : Phc v sn xut v hot ng
vn phng khong 7.200 Kwh/nm tc khong 600 Kwh/thng.
1.1.1.5. Nhu cu s dng nc
Ngun nc cp cho hot ng ca D n s dng nc cp t nh my cung
cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Tng nhu cu s dng nc ca Nh my l khong
48 m3/ngy.m. Trong :
Nc cho sinh hot : 45 m3/ngy.m
Nc ti cy : 3 m3/ngy.m
Ngoi ra m bo tt cng tc phng chy cha chy ti Nh my, Cng ty
cng xy dng b cha nc d tr vi dung tch 100 m3 cp nc cu ha trong
trng hp xy ra s c.
1.1.2. Nhu cu nhn lc phc v cho nh my
D n s dng khong 450 cng nhn vin lm vic ti nh my, trong :
B phn sn xut : 420 ngi
B phn qun l, k ton, hnh chnh : 20 ngi B phn kinh doanh bn hng : 10 ngi
Nhm phc v cho cng tc hot ng ca Nh my, Cng ty TNHH Sn xut
Phc Thng a ra s t chc v qun l D n nh sau.
21
Gim c
Phng k hoch
k thut
Phng hnh chnh
k ton
Phng kinh
doanhLp k hoch lm vicPhn loiGiao hngTh kho
Qun l hnh chnhK ton ti chnh
Pht trin th trngKinh doanh thu mua
P. Gim c
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
22/98
Hnh 1.3 : S t chc v qun l D n
1.1.3. Sn phm, cng sut
Nh my ch yu sn xut bn, gh, ging, t, gng, gi c m ngh. Sn
phm ca Cng ty ch yu c xut khu khong 90% ra th trng M, Chu u.
Phn cn li c tiu th ti th trng trong nc.
Bng 1.5 : Sn phm v cng sut ca Nh my
Stt Tn sn phm n v tnh S lng
1Bn, gh, ging, t, gng,gi c m ngh
Sn phm/nm 120.000
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng
1.1.4. Tin thc hin D n
Lp d n v trnh xt duyt : Thng 02/2011 05/2011 Lp h s u thu xy lp : Thng 06/2011 07/2011
B tr li Nh my v xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng : Thng
08/2011
Lp t cc my mc thit b : Thng 09/2011
Sn xut chnh thc : Thng 10/2011
1.1.5. Tng vn u t D n
Tng vn u tca D n l 16,5 t ng. Trong :
Vn c nh : 10 t ng
+ My mc, thit b : 4 t ng
+ Phng tin vn ti v vn chuyn : 4 t ng
+ Chi ph khc : 2 t ng
Vn lu ng : 6,5 t ng
22
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
23/98
CHNG 2
IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH TX HI
2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng
2.1.1. iu kin v a hnh, a cht
D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2
c hon thin v c s h tng. Nn t khu vc quy hoch c cao thp nht l
+0,5m v cao nht l 1,2 1,5m. a hnh tng i bng phng, hng dc t pha
Ty thp dn v hng ng.
Nn a cht n nh do vic trin khai lp t my mc thit b v a Cng
ty i vo hot ng gp nhiu thun li.Theo s liu a cht ti hai h khoan (v tr h khoan 1 ti v tr cu trn Tnh
l 43 v v tr khoan 2 ti v tr cu trn ng Ng Ch Quc giao vi tuyn knh Ba
B) vi chiu su mi h khoan l 12m, khu vc nghin cu c bao ph bn trn
bi cc lp t thuc trm tch Pleitocen (aQ1-m) i din cc lp t st ct phn b
xen kp vi ct, ct st. a cht khu vc D n c phn thnh cc lp sau :
Lp 1 : Ct st ht mn trung mu xm vng nht, do.
Lp 2 : Dm si, xc thc vt mu xm xanh, xm en, ln st bt mu xm
xanh, trng thi do mm.
Lp 3 : St ct mu vng nht, xm vng, n xm trng, kp cc ct mn
trung, trng thi do cng.
Lp 4a : Ct th mu xm trng, xm vng, ln t bt st, trng thi ri rc
n cht va.
Lp 4b : Ct st ht trung mu xm trng, xm vng, nu vng, trng thi
do.
Lp 5 : St mu xm vng, xm xanh loang l, trng thi cng.
2.1.2. iu kin kh hu, thy vn
Tnh Bnh Dng nm trong vng kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, phn b
thnh hai ma r rt trong nm : Ma ma t thng 5 11 v ma kh t khong
thng 12 nm trc n thng 4 nm sau. Ma ma lng ma chim khong 80
85% lng ma c nm, ma kh hu nh khng ma.
23
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
24/98
2.1.2.1. iu kin khng kh
Nhit khng kh trung bnh hng nm cao, n nh quanh nm v thng.
Bin thin nhit gia thng nng nht v thng lnh nht khong 4,6 oC . Tuy nhin,
bin thin nhit ngy th kh cao khong 10oC.
Nhit khng kh trung bnh nm : 26,7oC.
Nhit khng kh thng nng nht (thng 5) : 29,5oC.
Nhit khng kh thng lnh nht (thng 12) : 24,9oC.
2.1.2.2. m khng kh
m khng kh trong nm tng i cao v c s bin i theo ma kh r,
chnh lch m gia hai ma khong 7,8%. m trung bnh vo ma ma l
86,4% v m trung bnh vo ma kh l 78,6%.
2.1.2.3. Lng ma
Trong nhng nm gn y, lng ma Bnh Dng c khuynh hng gim
dn, lng ma bnh qun hng nm : 1.950 mm.
Ma ma t thng 5 n thng 11 chim 85 95% lng ma hng nm.
Ma nhiu nht vo thng 8 v thng 9 vi hn 300 mm.
S ngy ma hng nm khong 110 ngy.
Lng ma trung bnh hng nm : 1.860 mm (nm 2009) v 1.693mm(nm 2010).
Lng ma ngy nhiu nht trong nm: 102 mm (thng 5/2009) v 138,4
mm (thng 9/2010).
T thng 12 n thng 4 vo ma kh, lng ma rt thp : Thng c ma
cao nht trong ma ny khong 54,4 mm (thng 2/2009) v 56,2 mm (thng
4/2010).
Bng 2.1 : D liu lng ma nm 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIILng
ma thng 3,8108,
3 37,3 188,2 380,1 124,2238,
8 222,9352,
1119,
5 85,6 -S ngy
ma 1 5 6 19 22 16 30 23 25 13 7 0Lng mangy max 3,8 54,4 24,2 52,8 102,0 36,6 39,8 64,7 52,5 30,0 26,0 0,0
Ngy 1 28 21 30 21 15 5 23 16 6 28 -
Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh DngBng 2.2 : D liu lng ma nm 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
24
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
25/98
Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIILng ma
thng31,1 - 31,3 118,8 36,4
172,5 226,2
221,5 303,2
248,2 303,6 -
S ngyma 6 0 2 6 8 18 19 22 21 21 19 0
Lng ma
ngy max
11,
8 0 28,3 56,2 20,2 43,9 56,2 77,2 138,4 66,3 63,3 0Ngy 19 - 28 30 3 14 16 14 11 10 17 -
Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng
2.1.2.4. S gi nng
S gi nng trung bnh nm 2.340 gi.
S gi nng trung bnh ngy 6,4 gi.
S gi nng trung bnh trong thng cao nht 8,3 gi.
S gi nng trung bnh trong thng thp nht 3,5 gi.2.1.2.5. bc hi
bc hi trong nm tng i ln, c khi bc hi ln hn c lng ma
trong cng mt thi on, bc hi trung bnh nm vo khong 1.300 1.450 mm.
bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht v thng lnh nht c s bin i
rt ln, bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht l 108 mm (nm 2009) v
145,5 mm (nm 2010) v bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng lnh nht l 35,4
mm (nm 2009) v 60,2 mm (nm 2010).
Bc hi trung bnh ngy : 2,0 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 3,0 mm/ngy (nm
2010).
Bc hi ngy ti a : 4,8 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 6,3mm/ngy (nm 2010).
Bc hi ngy ti thiu : 0,1mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 0,6 mm/ngy (nm
2010).
Qua kt qu o c trong hai nm cho thy nhit khng kh ngy cng nngv lng bc hi nm sau cao hn nm trc.
Bng 2.3 : D liu bc hi 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIITng
cng 104,7 94,1 108,7 75,8 56,0 60,8 44,5 56,6 35,4 55,1 83,1 105,4Trung
bnh 3,4 3,4 3,5 2,5 1,8 2,0 1,4 1,8 1,2 1,8 2,8 3,4
Cao nht 4,7 4,8 4,8 3,8 2,8 3,2 2,6 2,8 2,4 2,9 4,1 4,0Ngy 28 7 10 1 18 24 11 22 19 30 21 13
25
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
26/98
Thp nht 1,8 1,4 1,8 0,9 0,6 0,6 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,8 0,1 2,8Ngy 1 12 7 29 27 10 15 2 8 1 10 17
Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng
Bng 2.4 : D liu bc hi 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIITng
cng
104,
9 119,4 145,5 134,7 131,9 93,7 70,7 60,2 63,1 63,0 67,8 96,6Trung
bnh 3,4 4,3 4,7 4,5 4,3 3,1 2,3 1,9 2,1 2,0 2,3 3,1Cao nht 4,2 4,8 6,3 5,6 5,6 4,7 3,2 2,7 2,6 3,8 3,1 3,9
Ngy 7 7 18 14 18 2 12 5 21 30 14 25Thp
nht 1,8 3,6 3,6 3,2 2,2 2,3 1,1 1,0 1,5 0,6 1,6 2,1Ngy 20 6 4 20 4 19 25 20 17 11 1 1
Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng
2.1.2.6. Ch gi
Ch gi tng i n nh, khng chu nh hng trc tip ca bo v p
thp nhit i. Tc gi bnh qun khong 0,7m/s, tc gi ln nht quan trc
c l 12m/s. Bnh Dng c 2 hng gi ch o trong nm l gi Ty Ty Nam
v gi ng ng Bc. Gi Ty Ty Nam l hng gi thnh hnh nht trong ma
ma, cn gi ng ng Bc l hng gi thnh hnh trong ma kh. Tc gi
bnh qun thng khng k hng cao 2m so vi mt t c trnh by trong
bng sau :
Bng 2.5 : Tc gi bnh qun thng
Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12V (m/s) 2,06 2,30 2,62 2,62 2,22 2,46 2,54 2,70 2,38 1,98 1,91 1,82
Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng
2.1.2.7. bn vng kh quyn
Cc cht gy nhim khng kh c dng ht (bi) v dng kh. Yu t quyt
nh kh nng pht tn bi v kh l bn vng kh quyn. Cc cht nhim c
pha trn v kh nng pht tn cao nht trong iu kin kh quyn thuc nhm A, B, C.
Khi bn vng kh quyn thuc loi A, B, C th nng cht nhim cao
hn khi gi c tc ln.
bn vng kh quyn trung ha loi D hoc bn vng loi E, F th kh nng
khuch tn cht nhim l thp nht.Vo ma kh mc pht tn cht nhim cao hn ma ma.
26
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
27/98
Bng 2.6 : bn vng kh quyn
Tc gi
(m/s)
Bc x ban ngy che ph ban m
Mnh Yu Trung bnh t my Nhiu my2 4 A B B C E F
4 6 B B C C D EGhi ch :
A : Rt khng bn vng D : Trung ha
B : Khng bn vng loi trung bnh E : Tng i bn vng
C : Khng bn vng loi yu F : Bn vng
2.1.2.8. Ch thy vn
Khu vc D n c knh Ba B l ngun tip nhn nc thi v nc ma ca
KCN Sng Thn 2. Knh Ba B c chiu di 1.700m, chiu rng trung bnh khong 2
3m, chiu su mc nc trung bnh trong lng knh c tnh khong 0,5 m vo ma
kh. Mc nc ny t n 1 2m vo nhng ngy ma ma v cao hn trong nhng
ngy ma ln, lu lng vo nhng ngy ma ma c tnh khong 16 m3/s. c
im lng knh hp nn khng thot nc vo nhng ngy ma ma. B knh b
st l, gy nh hng ng k n cuc sng ca nhng ngi dn sng dc theo hai
b knh. Vo ma ma, tnh trng ngp ng khu vc cui knh Ba B gy nhhng n sn xut nng nghip trn a bn.
Knh Ba B mang tnh cht l mt knh thot nc thi v nc ma t khu
dn c trong khu vc v cc KCN ln cn. Knh Ba B bt ngun t th x D An, tnh
Bnh Dng v phn ln chy trn lnh th qun Th c, Tp. HCM.
+ Phn u knh : Di khong 410m, a hnh kh dc, cao mt t bin
thin t 14m n 4,5m, vo ma ma dng nc chy vi lu lng ln lm st l t
hai bn b nh hng nghim trng n cng trnh nh ca ngi dn sng dc bknh. Dn c khu vc ny tp trung kh ng dc knh, mt s h xy dng nh tr
st knh ang b nh hng nghim trng do tnh trng st l.
+ Phn gia knh : Di khong 390m, cao mt t bin thin t 4,5m n
1,8m. Dn c khu vc ny ch yu l cc h dn lm ngh trng trt v chn nui.
Mt s h dn dng nc knh Ba B phc v cho mc ch kinh t ca mnh. Vo
ma ma, lng nc ln v khng kp thot nn khu vc hay xy ra tnh trng
ngp ng.
27
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
28/98
+ Phn cui knh : Di khong 900m tip gip ra vi rch Nc Trong, cao
mt t xp x 1,4m 1,8m. Mt phn on knh ny c kin c ha bng h
thng mng h c bao cao khong hn 1m so vi cao mt t khu vc. on
knh ny chy qua khu vc nng nghip ca phng Bnh Chiu, qun Th c, Tp.
H Ch Minh. Vo nhng ngy ma ln, nc knh trn ra khi bao v gy ngp
ng mt vng t nng nghip rng ln.
Knh tip nhn nc thi v c nc ma ca mt lu vc ln nn dng chy
khng n nh. Vo nhng thng ma ma (khong thng VI X), lng ma kh cao
v knh l tuyn thot nc chnh cho mt din tch kh rng ca c hai tnh Bnh
Dng v Tp. H Ch Minh, m mt ct dng knh kh nh nn thng xy ra hin
tng ngp ng h lu knh. Mt khc tuyn knh li phi chu nc t khu vc cao
trn v vi chnh cao trnh so vi u tuyn knh l 18m v so vi cui tuyn knh
l 33m m khng c th tch tr nc gim lu lng trn v h lu. Do tnh
trng ngp trn lu vc knh hin nay n mc bo ng.
Tuyn knh Ba B t chu nh hng ca thy triu truyn trc tip t sng Si
Gn qua rch Vnh Bnh, sng Cu p vo rch Nc Trong theo ch bn nht
triu khng u. Nc thi ti knh ny ch chy mt chiu hu nh khng b nh
hng bi triu cng.2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin khu vc D n
tin hnh thu thp d liu v s liu nn hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin
cho qu trnh nh gi cng tc bo v mi trng cho D n, chng ti phi hp
vi Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin Thng mi v Dch v Mi trng Minh Tr tin
hnh kho st o c ly mu phn tch cht lng khng kh, cht lng mi trng
nc cp ti khu vc D n.
Phng php ly mu, phn tch, tnh ton xc nh tng thng s c th c
p dng tun th theo cc Tiu chun v Quy chun Vit Nam tng ng.
2.1.3.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh
2.1.3.1.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh
Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc D n
c trnh by trong bng sau : V tr cc im o c v ly mu khng kh : Xem bng 2.7.
28
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
29/98
Thi gian ly mu, phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc.
Bng 2.7 : V tr cc im o c/ly mu khng kh v iu kin ly mu
Stt Mu M t v tr v iu kin ly mu1 K1 V tr ly mu : Pha ng khu vc D n
Ta ly mu : X = 1205342,08; Y = 608264,3iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,20C
2 K2 V tr ly mu : Pha Ty khu vc D n
Ta ly mu : X = 1205334,07; Y = 608213,13
iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,00C3 K3 V tr ly mu : Pha Nam khu vc D n
Ta ly mu : X = 1205300,2; Y = 608229,41
iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,70C4 K4 V tr ly mu : Pha Bc khu vc D n
Ta ly mu : X = 1205379,29; Y = 608241,05
iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 30,90CNgun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr
Bng 2.8 : Hin trng cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n
Stt Mu Hm lng (mg/m3)
Bi SO2 CO NO2 n (dBA)
1 K1 0,105 0,107 2,48 0,078 50,2 55,42 K2 0,102 0,104 2,80 0,097 54,9 59,73 K3 0,120 0,108 2,50 0,104 57,2 62,34 K4 0,108 0,115 3,17 0,074 56,3 61,8
QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT 0,3 0, 30 0,2 -QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT 70
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr
Ghi ch :
QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT : Quy chun cho php i vi khng kh xung quanh.
QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n (t 6h n
21h).
Nhn xt: Kt qu o c phn tch hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh xung
quanh ti khu vc D n cn kh tt, hu ht cc thng s u thp hn Quy chun
cho php QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT v QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT.2.1.3.2. Hin trng cht lng nc cp ti khu vc D n
29
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
30/98
Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n
c trnh by trong bng sau :
V tr ly mu : Vi nc ca D n.
Ta ly mu : X = 1205309,67; Y = 608222,44.
Thi gian ly mu v phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc.
Bng 2.9 : Kt qu phn tch nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n
St
t
Thng s n v Kt qu QCVN 02 :
2009/BYT, mc I1 pH - 7,20 6,0 8,52 cng tng cng mgCaCO3/l 12 3503 Hm lng Amoni mg/l 0,004 34 Hm lng Clorua mg/l 6 300
5 Hm lng Florua mg/l 0,03 1,5
6 Hm lng Asen mg/l KPH 0,01
7 Coliform MPN/100ml KPH 50
8 St (Fe) mg/l 0,002 0,5
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr
Ghi ch : QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc
sinh hot.
Nhn xt : Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc cp phc v cho sinh hot ti khu vc
D n cho thy cc thng s o c u t quy chun QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT, mc I
iu ny cho thy cht lng nc cp ti khu vc thc hin Nh my t quy chun
cho php.
2.2. iu kin kinh tx hi
D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng thuc KCN Sng Thn 2, th
x D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Hin trng pht trin kinh t x hi ca a phng
c tm tt di y :
2.2.1. iu kin kinh t
Tnh hnh sn xut nng nghip
+ Trng trt : Hot ng sn xut nng nghip trong khu vc ch yu l
trng trt v chn nui. Ton vng gieo trng cc loi rau mu, khoai m, u
cc loi, bp,... phc v i sng ca cc khu dn c.
30
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
31/98
+ Chn nui : Chn nui ca khu vc ch yu l chn nui gia sc gia cm
vi quy m va v nh. Tuy nhin tnh hnh cm gia cm trn a bn c
nguy c ti pht nn nhu cu tiu th gim, b con chn nui gp nhiu kh
khn. Chnh quyn v b con chn nui thng xuyn kt hp vi cc Trm
th y tng cng cng tc kim tra nhc nh cc h chn nui git m gia
cm, c nhng bin php thit thc phng chng dch cm gia cm ti pht.
Nhn chung, do vic bin ng chuyn i mc ch s dng t nng nghip
sang th c ca cc h dn xy dng nh , phng tr v cc dch v ngy cng
nhiu do v lnh vc nng nghip khng pht trin v c chiu hng gim dn.
Cng nghip
Tc tng trng cng nghip trn a bn kh nhanh. Cc KCN gii quytvic lm cho hng ngn lao ng ti a phng v nhiu lao ng t cc khu vc
khc n. C hn 263 cng ty, x nghip hin ang hot ng ti cc KCN Sng Thn
1 v Sng Thn 2 v c hn 76 doanh nghip nm ngoi KCN vi tc pht trin
kh nhanh.
Thng mi dch v
Ngoi cc hot ng bun bn ti cc ch trong khu vc th khu vc rt pht
trin vi vic kinh doanh phng tr ca cc h dn a phng. Nhn chung, cc h
kinh doanh u chp hnh tt ni quy chnh sch ca nh nc. Tng gi tr thng
mi dch v tng 18 21%. Tnh hnh kinh doanh ti cc ch tng bc c sp
xp n nh, mua bn c trt t, gi gn v sinh mi trng.
2.2.2. iu kin x hi
Gio dc : Phn u vn ng 100% tr c a n trng. Hng nm u c
cng nhn t chun ph cp tiu hc ng tui, ph cp THCS v THPT.
Nhn chung c s vt cht cc trng lp c quan tm u t khang trang hn,
phong tro x hi ha gio dc c ch trng, l c s tin cho s pht trin
nhng nm tip theo.
Y t : m bo thc hin tt cng tc khm cha bnh, trc tip cp cu v
phng chng cc loi bnh dch. Cc chng trnh quc gia v y t c trin khaithc hin t 100%. Duy tr thng xuyn chin dch tim chng m rng phng 6
31
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
32/98
loi bnh cho tr em hng thng u t trn 90%, phn u 95% tr di 1 tui c
min dch c bn, t l tr suy dinh dng ngy cng gim, cng tc chm sc v bo
v sc khe cho b m tr em lun c quan tm. Chng trnh phng chng bu
c, mt, s dng mui it ngy cng c quan tm, thc hin tt cng tc kim tra an
ton v sinh thc phm, qun l tt vic khm BHXH.
2.3. Hin trng h tng KCN Sng Thn 2
KCN Sng Thn 2 c din tch khong 442 ha do Cng ty C phn Pht trin
KCN Sng Thn (tn mi l Cng ty C phn i Nam) lm ch u t. y l mt
khu cng nghip tp trung, thu ht cc ngun vn u t trong v ngoi nc nhm
phc v cc mc tiu kinh t pht trin t nc.
KCN Sng Thn 2 c thnh lp da trn Quyt nh s 796/TTg ngy
28/10/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt d n u t, quyt nh s 951/TTg
ngy 20/12/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic cho thu t v quyt nh s
16/BXD/KTQH ngy 11/01/1997 ca B Xy dng ph duyt quy hoch chi tit khu
cng nghip.
KCN Sng Thn 2 ta lc ti th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng l mt khu cng
nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B,
C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch : Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20 km v hng Ty Nam.
Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15 km v hng ng Bc.
Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20 km v hng Ty Bc.
Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15 km v hng Ty Nam.
Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy
hoch m rng thnh ng Xuyn ).
Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni
thng tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).
Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu.
t ai kh bng phng, dc dn t ng Bc xung Ty Nam, trung
bnh 1%, cao trung bnh 25 30m so vi mc nc bin, chu nn >
2kg/cm2 thun li xy dng c bn.
Cc ngnh ngh sn xut bao gm : Sn phm nha, chi, m phm, cc snphm bao b ng gi, sn xut v lp rp cc sn phm in, in t, my mc, thit
32
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
33/98
b vn chuyn, may mc, giy dp, sn phm da, lng th, len, dng c th thao, ch
bin thc phm, hng gia dng, cc sn phm g, my tre l v cc ngnh cng nghip
ch bin khc.
H thng giao thng:H thng trc chnh rng 28m vi 4 ln xe. H thng
giao thng trc ni b rng 22m vi 2 ln xe.
Cp in :Ngun cp in c ly t li in quc gia 22Kv thng qua li
in th x D An i vo trm bin th 110/220 KV 2*25MVA cung cp cho KCN.
Cp nc : KCN c nh my cung cp nc sch. Cng sut ca nh my cp
nc KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000 m3/ngy ph hp vi cht lng tiu chun,
quy chun Vit Nam.
Thot nc : H thng thot nc thi tch ring vi h thng thot nc ma.
Ton b nc thi ca cc nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c tp trung v h
thng x l nc thi tp trung x l, cng sut x l ca h thng ny l khong
4.000 m3/ngy.m. Nc thi pht sinh trong KCN c x l theo hai cp : Cp 1
x l cc b ti tng nh my thnh vin t gii hn u vo l quy chun QCVN
24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B. Cp 2 x l ti H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN
t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi
thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.Thng tin lin lc : H thng thng tin lin lc cho KCN c ghp ni vo
mng vin thng ca bu in th x D An. H thng ni b l mt mng cp in
thoi c dung lng ln, p ng y cc yu cu v vin thng cho KCN Sng
Thn 2 vi cc loi hnh a dch v.
33
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
34/98
CHNG 3
NH GI TC NG MI TRNG
3.1. nh gi tc ng
3.1.1. Ngun tc ng lin quan n cht thi
3.1.1.1. Giai on lp t my mc thit b
Nh my sn xut ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c din tch t
c thu li t din tch ca Cng ty TNHH Tn Hon Cu. V vy m D n s
khng c giai on xy dng m ch c cng on lp t my mc thit b phc v
cho hot ng sn xut ca Cng ty (Hp ng thu Nh xng c nh km trong
phn ph lc ca bo co). Cc hot ng v ngun gy nhim chnh trong qu trnhlp t my mc thit b nh sau :
Bng 3.1 : Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong giai on lp
t my mc thit b
Stt Cc hot ng Ngun gy tc ng1 Xy dng h thng cp thot
v x l nc,...
Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b,
Qu trnh lp t c gia nhit : Ct, hn, tnng chy.
2 Vn chuyn nguyn vt liu,
thit b my mc phc v D
n.
Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b,
3 Hot ng d tr, bo qun
nguyn vt liu phc v D
n.
Cc thng cha xng du
4 Sinh hot ca cng nhn ti
khu vc lp t
Sinh hot ca 30 cng nhn vin ti khu vc
lp tNgun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
Ngoi ra, do giai on lp t my mc thit b tng i ngn, nn cc tc
ng ca cc cht nhim n mi trng trong giai on ny ch l tm thi.
a. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn ti, my mc thit b
34
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
35/98
Ngun pht sinh t cc phng tin thi cng nh xe ti, xe nng,... Theo s liu
thng k t cc cng trnh khc th s lng my mc, thit b cn thit cho qu trnh
lp t ca D n c thng k nh sau :
Bng 3.2 : Thit b, my mc cn thit cho qu trnh lp t ca D n
Stt Loi thit b S lng (chic)
1 Xe ti 6
2 Xe nng 6
3 My pht in 1
Tng cng 13
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
Cc phng tin vn chuyn, my mc thi cng s dng nhin liu ch yu ldu Diesel lm pht sinh cc kh nhim cha sn phm t qu trnh t nhin liu
nh : NOx, SO2, CO, VOC.
Bng 3.3 : Thnh phn v tnh cht du DO (1%)
Tn ch tiu n v Ch sHm lng lu hunh, max mg/kg 10.000Ch s cetan, min 46
Nhit ct, max 0C, 90% th tch 370
im chp chy cc kn, mino
C 55 nht ng hc 40oC mm2/s 2 5Khi lng ring 15oC Kg/m3 820 870im ng c, max oC +6Cn cacbon ca 10% cn chng ct,
max
% 0,3
Lu hunh (Cp) % 1 tro (Ap) % 0,01
Ngun : Petrolimex.com.vn
Lng nhin liu du (DO) tiu th ca cc phng tin th khc nhau, nhngtheo thc t vn hnh ca cc thit b th bnh qun lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy
lm vic 8 ting ca mt phng tin thi cng khong 15 lt/ngy.
Lu lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy ca cc phng tin thi cng l :
13 phng tin x 15 lt/ngy/phng tin = 195 lt/ngy
Khi lng du DO s dng trong mt ngy (vi khi lng ring ca du DO =
0,85 kg/lt) l :
m = 195 lt/ngy x 0,85 kg/lt= 165,75 kg/ngy = 20,72 kg/h
35
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
36/98
Theo Vin k thut nhit i v bo v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh, ta
c th tch kh pht sinh do t 1kg du DO iu kin chun khong 22 24 m 3 kh
thi/kg du DO. Lu lng kh thi ca cc phng tin thi cng :
Qk= 22 x 20,72 = 455,84 (m3/h iu kin chun)
Bng 3.4 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim pht thi
Stt H s nhim (*)
kg/tn
Ti lng
g/h
Nng
mg/Nm3QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT,
ct B (Kp = 1, Kv = 1)
1 Bi 4,3 89,096 200
2 SO2 20S 4,144 500
3 NOx 55 1.140 850
4 CO 28 580,16 1.000
5 VOC 12 248,64 -
(*) Ngun : Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution WHO 1993
(Ghi ch : Kt qu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%).
Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc kh nhim trong khi thi do
t nhin liu du DO ca cc phng tin trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b
hu ht u t quy chun cho php QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B ch c nng
NOx vt quy chun 1,34 ln. Tuy nhin, do khu vc D n c din tch rng, cc thitb my mc khng tp trung mt ch do kh thi c khuch tn theo din rng.
b. nhim bi t, ct
Trong qu trnh vn chuyn cc loi nguyn liu, my mc thit b th kh nng
pht sinh bi l st thp vn, g,... Ty theo iu kin cht lng ng x, phng
thc bc d v tp kt nguyn liu m nhim pht sinh nhiu hay t. Nng bi
tng cao trong nhng ngy kh, nng gi. Bi do nguyn liu ri vi hoc t cc bi
cha cun theo gi pht tn vo khng kh gy nn nhim cho cc khu vc xung
quanh. Mt thc t khch quan l nhim bi trn ng vn chuyn v tp kt
nguyn liu rt ph bin. Kt qu tnh ti lng bi trong qu trnh vn chuyn, tp kt
vt liu my mc nh sau :
L = 1,7k[-- ---- ----]x[---------]x[----------]0,7
x [--- --- --- --]0,5
x[------------]s 365 p
3654
wW
2,748
S
12
Trong : L : Ti lng bi (kg/km/lt xe/nm)36
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
37/98
k : Kch thc ht; 0,2
s : Lng t trn ng; 8,9%
S : Tc trung bnh ca xe; 20 km/h
W : Trng lng c ti ca xe; 10 tn
w : S bnh xe; 6 bnh
p : S ngy hot ng trong nm
Thay s ta c : 0,15 kg/km/lt xe/nm.
Theo c tnh s b c khong 4 lt xe hot ng chuyn ch vt liu my mc
thit b phc v cho D n, on ng chu nh hng 5 km. S lt xe l 4
lt/ngy. V vy, ti lng nhim bi do vn chuyn l 0,15 x 5 x 4 x 120 = 360
kg/nm hay l 30 kg bi/thng tng ng 1,15kg bi/ngy trong sut qu trnh lp
t my mc thit b cho Nh my.
Thng thng gi tr hm lng bi l lng o c ti khu vc bc d thng
dao ng trong khong 900 2.700 g/m3 cao hn quy chun khng kh xung quanh
3 9 ln (QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT, quy nh bi : 300 g/m3). nhim bi gim
khi cht lng ng x c nng ln v Ch d n p dng cc bin php phng
nga nhim nh v sinh mt bng, cch ly ngun nhim hoc to m cho
nguyn liu, Tuy nhin, c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 c hon thin
nn hm lng bi ny thp hn nhiu.
i tng b tc ng chnh : Ton b dn c v sinh vt dc cc tuyn ng
xung quanh D n m cc xe ch nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b. Hot ng vn
chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b cho Nh my din ra trong thi gian ngn
(01 thng), khng lin tc v ti lng khng ln (c nh gi phn ngun gy tc
ng). Mc tc ng ln nht trong giai on ny l bi t hot ng vn chuyn
v lp t my mc thit b cho nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2. i tng chu tc
ng ch yu l cng nhn trc tip tin hnh lp t.
M t tc ng : i vi con ngi th tc ng ca bi ch yu l tch ly trong
phi v cc c quan ca ng h hp trn. Cc ht bi kch thc >10 m c
gi li bi lng khoang mi, sau thi ra ngoi. Kh nhim v cc ht bi nh
tip tc i vo su trong cc c quan h hp v cc ht bi c kch thc
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
38/98
Bi trong khng kh c tc hi ch yu n h h hp ri mt, da,... sau ty
theo tnh cht ca bi m n c tc ng n cc c quan khc ca c th. Bi bm
trn mt da c th gy vim da, ty , nga, rt xt. Vo phi, bi gy kch thch c
hc v sinh phn ng x ha phi, gy ra cc bnh v ng h hp : Vim phi, kh
thng phi, ung th phi, vim mi d ng, hen ph qun, bnh bi phi. Tuy nhin,
tc ng ca bi c gim nhiu do D n p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng
ca bi trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c nu chng 4.
Cc cht gy nhim khng kh khc giai on ny l CO, NO2, SO2, tuy c
pht sinh nhng vi ti lng rt nh (nu phn ngun gy tc ng) nn khng nh
hng ln n mi trng khng kh.
c. nhim do khi hn, ct kim loi
Khi hn pht sinh t qu trnh hn in, ct kim loi c cha mt lng bi kim
loi v cc kh thi NO2, SO2, CO. Lng bi kim loi v kh thi NO 2, SO2, CO thot
ra ph thuc vo trnh hn ca cng nhn. Nhiu cng trnh nghin cu cho thy,
hm lng bi kim loi v nng cc kh thi pht sinh thp thng mang tnh cht
gin on nn khng gy tc ng nghim trng cho mi trng khng kh xung
quanh. Tuy nhin, khi hn nh hng nhiu n cng nhn lm vic trc tip. Lng
bi kim loi v kh NO2, SO2, CO pht sinh t l vi lng que hn.d. nhim mi trng nc
Ngun gy nhim nc trong giai on ny ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca
cng nhn v nc ma chy trn trn b mt din tch hin hu ca Cng ty TNHH
Tn Hon Cu.
Nc ma chy trn
Nc ma chy trn qua khu vc D n trong thi gian lp t cng l mt trong
nhng tc nhn gy nhim mi trng nu dng chy cun theo st thp vn, g,
xng du v cc loi rc thi sinh hot. H thng cng thot nc ma ti D n c
l iu kin thun li cho vic khng ch nhim nc ma chy trn.
Nc thi sinh hot
Ngun pht sinh nc thi ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn lp t.
Theo kinh nghim thc t, ty theo thi im m s lng cng nhn lm vic trong
D n s khc nhau, theo quy m ca D n th vo thi im ng nht c khong 30cng nhn tham gia lp t ti Nh my.
38
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
39/98
Nhu cu s dng nc sinh hot ca mi cng nhn bnh qun theo TCXDVN 33
2006 l 45 lt/ngi/ngy. Lng nc thi pht sinh chim khong 80% lng nc
s dng.
Qthi= 30 ngi x 45 lt/ngy/ngi x 80% = 1,08 m3/ngy
Nc thi sinh hot c cha nhiu cht hu c, cn l lng v cng vi cc cht
bi tit c cha nhiu loi vi khun gy bnh. Cht bi tit c nh ngha l phn v
nc tiu trong c cha nhiu mm bnh truyn nhim d dng ly lan t ngi
bnh n ngi khe mnh. Nhn chung, nc thi sinh hot v cc cht bi tit l
ngun c cha nhiu loi virus, vi khun, giun sn gy bnh cho ngi, lng cht
hu c ca phn v nc tiu c th nh gi qua cc ch tiu BOD 5 hoc cc ch s
tng t (COD v TOC) : Nc tiu c BOD5 khong 8,6 g/l v phn c BOD5
khong 9,6 g/100g.
Do khi nc thi sinh hot thm vo t v thot vo knh rch th y chnh
l ngun nhim ch yu cho mi trng t, nc ngm v nc mt ca khu vc.
nh gi mc nhim do ngun thi ny, ti lng cht pht sinh v nng
cht nhim, c th xc nh da trn h s pht thi ca WHO thit lp nh sau :
Bng 3.5 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
Stt Cht nhim H s(g/ngi.ngy)
Ti lng(kg/ngy)
Nng (mg/l)
1 BOD5 45 54 1,35 1,62 1.250 15002 COD 72 102 2,16 3,06 2.000 2.8333 Cht rn l lng (SS) 70 145 2,1 4,35 1.944 4.0274 Du m 10 30 0,3 0,9 278 8335 Tng Nit 6 12 0,18 0,36 167 3336 Amni 2,4 4,8 0,072 0,144 67 1337 Tng Pht Pho 0,8 4,0 0,024 0,12 22 111
Ngun : T chc Y t Th gii WHO, 1993Theo kt qu tnh ton bng trn nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi
sinh hot kh cao, nu khng c bin php qun l tt s gy nhim mi trng xung
quanh khu vc D n. V vy, Ch u t p dng cc bin php hiu qu thu gom v
x l nc thi sinh hot ti khu vc D n theo ng quy nh.
e. Cht thi
Cht thi pht sinh trong giai on ny ch yu t hai ngun : Cht thi sinh
hot t hot ng ca cng nhn v cht thi nguy hi, khng nguy hi pht sinh t
qu trnh lp t my mc thit b ti D n.39
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
40/98
Cht thi sinh hot
Cht thi sinh hot pht sinh t hot ng n ung, sinh hot ca cng nhn vi
thnh phn ch yu l cm canh tha, v tri cy, ti nilon, v hp cm,... H s pht
sinh khong 0,3 0,5 kg/ngi/ngy. Vi s lng cng nhn lm vic 30 ngi th
khi lng cht thi rn pht sinh trong giai on ny khong 9 15 kg/ngy.
Cht thi sinh hot ch yu cha cc thnh phn hu c, lu ngy c th thi
ra, bc mi nh hng n sc khe ca ngi lao ng, pht sinh cc bnh truyn
nhim do sinh vt trung gian nh rui, kin, gin, chut mang li.
Cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b
Cht thi pht sinh t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b gm c thnh phn
nguy hi v khng nguy hi.Cc thnh phn khng nguy hi trong qu trnh ny nh st thp vn, carton,
g, nha, nylon,... T thc t lp t ti cc nh my khc th khi lng pht sinh c
tnh khong 150 kg.
Thnh phn nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh ny thng l du cn t qu
trnh chy cc my mc thit b, gi lau, bao b dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi, bng
n hunh quang thi,... y cng l mt ngun gy nhim cn c thu gom v x
l. Lng cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong sut qu trnh ny c tnh khong 20 kg.Tuy nhin, D n p dng cc bin php qun l cht thi thch hp nn trn thc t,
mc tc ng xu t cht thi giai on ny n mi trng l thp.
Cht thi sinh hot c Cng ty Dch v Cng ch th x D An thu gom hng
ngy, cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c vn chuyn v thi b ng
ni quy nh ngay khi pht sinh, cht thi nguy hi c cha vo bn, thng cha,
bao b chuyn dng trong khu vc lu tr cht thi nguy hi v Cng ty hp ng vi
n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l CTNH n x l CTNH ny theo
ng quy nh.
f. Tc ng ca cc ngun gy nhim mi trng t
Hot ng ca my mc thit b, vic tp kt, lu tr nguyn nhin liu phc v
cho cc hot ng ti D n v cc hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn lm pht sinh
cc cht thi gy nhim mi trng t nh : Nc thi, cht thi rn, nguyn vt
liu, du m ri vi, r r,... Tuy nhin, mt bng d n nm trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c nh gi tc ng mi trng tng th v khi lng cht thi pht sinh
40
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
41/98
khng ln, thi gian lp t ngn nn cc tc ng tiu cc n mi trng t l
khng ng k.
3.1.1.2. Giai on hot ng sn xut
Ngun pht sinh tc ng c nu c th trong bng sau :
Bng 3.6 : Ngun pht sinh cht thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n
Cc loi cht thi Ngun pht sinh Dng cht thi
Kh thi
Qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d
nguyn liu sn phm v cc qu
trnh giao thng khc
Bi t li cun t mt t,
cc kh thi sinh ra do t
nhin liu vn hnh xe nh
NOx, SO2, CO, bi.Qu trnh t du DO chy my
pht in d phng
Bi v kh thi nh SO2,
NOx, CO, nhit thi,Cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp
rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm
- Bi.
- Ting n.
- Kh thi.
- Nhit thi.Cng on pha ch ha cht Hi dung mi hu cMi hi pht sinh trong ton b
qu trnh
l mi hi c trng t
nc thi sinh hot v ccngun kh thi
Nc thi Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b
v cng nhn vin hot ng
trong D n
nhim ch yu cc cht
hu c BOD5, COD, SS v
vi sinh vt gy bnh
Cht thi khng
nguy hi
Giy vn ph liu pht sinh t
vn phng
Ch yu cha cc thnh
phn nh Xenluloza,
EminxenlulozaBao b ng nguyn vt liu v
thnh phm
Bao b khng dnh cc thnh
phn c hi
Cht thi sinh hot Nhiu thnh phn, ch yu l
hu c
Cc hp mc in v mc my
photo s dng trong vn phng,
bng n, pin c quy h hng,
than hot tnh qua s dng,
Thnh phn ch yu l nha
tng hp, kim loi, thy tinh
c dnh cc cht nguy hi
nh kim loi nng, thy
41
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
42/98
Cht thi nguy hi ngn, ch,
Cc loi thng, phuy c cha
hoc nhim du, ha cht
Bao gm cc loi thng,
phuy st v nha cha duDO, ha cht s dng ti
Nh my
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi
a. nhim mi trng khng kh
Kh thi t qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d nguyn liu, sn phm
Cc phng tin giao thng ra vo D n khng ch gy ra s xo trn li cun
bi mt t m qu trnh t du vn hnh xe cng pht sinh ra cc ngun nhim.
Cc phng tin ny thng s dng nhin liu ch yu l xng v du Diezel, qu
trnh vn hnh cc phng tin ny thi vo mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi
c cha cc cht nhim nh : bi, NOX, SO2, CO,... Hng ngy c tnh c khong
10 lt xe hi v xe ti, 200 lt xe gn my ra vo d n v thi gian ti a cho mi
ln n my l 10 pht. Vi khong thi gian , xe ti v xe hi s dng khong 1 lt
nhin liu, xe gn my s dng ht khong 0,1 lt nhin liu. T c th tnh tonc mi ngy c khong 30 lt nhin liu c cc phng tin s dng ra vo d n.
Da vo lng nhin liu s dng v h s nhim khi t nhin liu t cc
phng tin do C quan bo v mi trng M (US EPA) v T chc Y t Th gii
(WHO) thit lp, ta c th tnh ton c ti lng ca cc cht nhim do hot ng
ca cc phng tin giao thng ti khu vc Nh my a vo mi trng khng kh
nh sau :
Bng 3.7 : Ti lng nhim kh thi t nhin liu t cc phng tin giao thngStt Cht nhim H s nhim
(kg/1.000 lt)
Ti lng nhim
(kg/nm)1 Hydrocacbon 33,2 363,542 SO2 0,90 9,853 NOx 11,30 123,74 CO 291 3.186,455 Aldehyde 0,4 4,38
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton
42
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
43/98
Nh vy, t kt qu trn cho thy ti lng cc cht nhim trong kh thi t cc
phng tin giao thng ra vo Nh my l khng ln. Khu vc d n c cht lng
mi trng nn kh tt nn c th t lm sch ngun nhim ny.
nhim kh thi pht sinh t my pht in d phng
ch ng trong hot ng sn xut ca Nh xng, Cng ty c b tr d
phng 01 my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t
khong 15 lt/h vi khi lng ring ca du l 0,85 kg/lt th khi lng du DO s
dng l 12,75 kg/h. Nhit khi thi 200oC (473oK). Cc thng s nhim chnh t
my pht in l bi, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC.
Theo ti liu nh gi nhanh ca t chc Y t th gii WHO th ti lng cc cht
nhim t qu trnh s dng du DO ca my pht in nh sau.
Bng 3.8 : Ti lng cc cht nhim t my pht in d phng
Stt Cht nhimH s ti lng nhim
(kg/tn du)
Ti lng tnh ton
(g/h)
1 Bi 0,71 9,052 SO2 20S 2,553 NOX 9,62 122,6554 CO 2,19 27,92
5 VOC 0,791 10,08
Ngun : Pollution World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993
(Ghi ch : S liu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%).
Th tch sn phm chy thu c trong qu trnh t 1 kg du DO iu kin
chun, [Trn Ngc Chn nhim khng kh v x l kh thi Nxb KHKT, 2001] :
V = 0,683.10-2.S + 1,865.10-2 .C + 1,853.10-2(1 )C + 0,111.H + 0,0124.W +
0,0016.d. (1 + 0,0016.d).[0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,8.10-2
.N +0,79 (1 + 0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,21( 1). (1 +
0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] 0,5.1,723.10 -3/ NO2
Trong :
C-Thnh phn Cacbon trong du DO : 76,26%
S-Thnh phn Lu hunh trong du : 0,5%
O-Thnh phn Oxy trong du DO : 0,22%
N-Thnh phn Nit trong du : 0,24%
43
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
44/98
H-Thnh phn Hydro trong du : 22,72%
W-Thnh phn m trong du : 0,05%
A-Thnh phn tro : 0,01%
-H s khng kh tha : 1,3
-H s chy khng hon ton : 0,05
d- cha hi : 17 g/kg
NO2-Khi lng ring ca NO2 : 2,054 kg/Nm3
Th tch sn phm chy nhin liu du DO iu kin chun V = 18,7232 m3
chun/kg.du. Nhit kh thi cao nht 200oC (473oK), lng kh thi thc t l:
18,7232 x (273 + 200)/273 = 32,4398 m3/kg du.
Nh vy, ta c lu lng kh thi t my pht in nh sau : iu kin chun (25oC, 1atm) : 18,7232 x 12,75 = 238,72 m3/h.
nhit 200oC : 32,4398 x 12,75 = 413,61 m3/h.
Nng tnh ton cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in nh sau
(mg/Nm3) :
Bng 3.9 : Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in
Stt Cht nhim
Nng
(mg/Nm3)
QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT,
ct B (Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0)1 Bi 37,91 2002 SO2 10,68 5003 NOX 513,8 8504 CO 116,96 1.0005 VOC 42,22 -
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton
Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi
my pht in u thp so vi gii hn cho php ca quy chun k thut quc gia vkh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B
(Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0).
nhim khng kh t khu vc pha ch ha cht
Trong quy trnh sn xut ti Nh my c cng on pha ch ha cht v vy s
lm pht sinh hi dung mi hu c nh Toluen, Xylen, Axeton, Vic pha ch ha
cht c s dng dung mi hu c trong iu kin bnh thng d dng phn tn vo
mi trng xung quanh km theo cc mi rt c trng ca Toluen, Xylen, Axeton,
44
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
45/98
do tnh c th cc mi ny l d nhn bit bng khu gic d nng rt b v
thng gy cm gic kh chu.
Theo s liu tham kho o hm lng hi dung mi hu c ti cng on pha
ch ha cht ca nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t l Cng ty TNHH Scancom
Vit Nam ti KCN Sng Thn 1 th nng cc cht nhim ti cng on ny c
trnh by trong bng sau.
Bng 3.10 : Nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh ti cng on pha ch
ha cht
Stt Cht nhimNng (mg/m3)
TCVS theo Q 3733/2002/Q BYT
1 Toluen 5,12 300
2 Xylene 7,05 3003 Axeton 0,4 1.000Ngun : Trung tm Quan trc Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Bnh Dng
Nhn xt : Kt qu o c cho thy nng cc cht hu c ti cng on pha
ch dung mi hu c thp hn so vi gii hn cho php ca tiu chun v sinh lao
ng km theo Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT.
nhim bi v kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch
nhm v sn sn phmTheo kt qu tham kho ca Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH
Scancom Vit Nam ti Bnh Dng c cng ngh tng t cho thy, hm lng bi
v kh thi ti cc phn xng sn xut ny thay i trong khong 0,204 n 3,033
mg/m3 v u thp hn tiu chun v sinh lao ng km theo Quyt nh s
3733/2002/Q BYT (6 mg/m3). n v ly mu, o c v phn tch l Trung tm
quan trc ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Bnh Dng. Bng kt qu phn tch o hin
trng khng kh ti Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit
Nam nh sau :
Bng 3.11 : Kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti Nh my c cng ngh tng t
Ch tiuim o
Bi NO2 SO2 COmg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3
Khu vc ct 0,824 - - -Khu vc sn sn phm 3,033 - - -
Khu vc lp rp 0,704 - - -Khu vc ch nhm 2,109 0,135 0,272 1,310
45
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
46/98
Ch tiuim o
Bi NO2 SO2 COmg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3
Khu vc lm mu, trang tr 0,690 0,342 0,128 634
TCVSL 3733/2002/Q/BYT 6 10 10 40Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
Nhn xt : Qua kt qu phn tch bng trn cho thy nng bi v kh thi ti
cc cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm thng thp hn
tiu chun cho php. Tuy nhin m bo nng bi trong cc phn xng lun
t tiu chun quy nh, Cng ty tin hnh lp t thit b Cyclone kh kt hp vi lc
bi tay o x l trit lng bi v kh thi pht sinh ny.
nhim khng kh do kh thi pht sinh t hot ng giao thng vn ti
Trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my, vic vn chuyn, phn phi nguyn liuv hng ha c thc hin bi cc phng tin vn ti. Cc phng tin ny ch yu
s dng nhin liu du DO nn thi ra mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi kh
ln cha cc cht nhim nh NO2, CxHy, CO, Ngun pht sinh kh thi do t du
DO ca cc phng tin ny th khng tp trung v khng lin tc.
c im ca ngun pht sinh kh thi do cc phng tin giao thng vn ti l
ngun nhim dng thp, cht c hi pht tn cc b v nng cc kh thi thng
khng qu cao, do vy tc ng ca chng khng ng k.
Bng 3.12 : Nng cht nhim o ti cng Nh my c cng ngh tng t
Stt Cht nhim Nng (mg/m3) QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT1 Bi 0,204 0,32 SO2 0,262 0,353 NO2 0,075 0,24 CO 0,359 30
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
Nhn xt : Hu ht cc ch tiu khng kh u rt thp so vi quy chun k thut
quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT.
Tc ng ca kh thi
Qua phn tch cc ngun gy tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n thy
cc ngun gy nhim khng kh ch yu l bi v kh thi trong qu trnh vn
chuyn; kh thi ti my pht in d phng; hi dung mi hu c t khu vc pha ch
ha cht v bi, kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm,
sn sn phm.
46
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
47/98
Cc tc nhn gy tc ng ch yu c trong kh thi l bi, cc kh axit (SO2,
NO2, CO), THC. i tng chu tc ng ch yu l cng nhn vin ca Nh my, dn
c, mi trng v ng thc vt xung quanh D n, c bit l khu vc c hng gi
thi chnh.
Cc tc ng ca cht gy nhim khng kh c m t trong bng sau.
Bng 3.13 : Tc hi ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh
Stt Thng s Cc tc ng1 Bi i vi con ngi v ng vt, bi gy kch
thch h hp, x ha phi, ung th phi, gy tn
thng da, gic mc mt, bnh ng tiu ha,
che chn tm nhn khi giao thng.
i vi thc vt : Bi lm gim kh nng h
hp ca l cy, nh th lm cho cy ho a, gim
nng sut nng th lm cho cy cht.
i vi mi trng : Bi lm cho nh sng
khc x, lm nhim bn nc ma v lm tng
nhit khng kh do n c kh nng gi nhit.2 Cc oxyt axit (SOx, NOx)
c trong kh thi ng c
i vi con ngi v ng vt : Gy nh
hng h h hp, phn tn vo mu, SO2 c th
nhim c qua da, lm gim d tr kim trong
mu.
i vi thc vt : Cc kh axit lm tn thng
l cy, to ma axt nh hng xu ti s pht
trin thm thc vt v cy trng.
Tng cng qu trnh n mn kim loi, phhy vt liu b tng v cc cng trnh nh ca.
nh hng xu n kh hu, h sinh thi v
tng zn.3 Oxyt cacbon(CO) Gim kh nng vn chuyn xy ca mu n cc
t chc, t bo do CO kt hp vi Hemoglobin
thnh cacboxyhemoglobin.4 Kh cacbonic (CO2) Gy ri lon h hp phi.
Gy hiu ng nh knh.
47
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
48/98
Tc hi n h sinh thi.5 Hydrocarbons c trong
ha cht bay hi t cht
thi
Gy nhim c cp tnh : Suy nhc, chng mt,
nhc u, ri lon gic quan c khi gy t vong
6 Kh H2S t qu trnh
phn hy cc cht hu
c (ch yu c trong rc
thi v nc thi sinh
hot)
H2S l kh c mu lc, d lan truyn trong
khng kh v c mi trng thi c trng.
H2S c oxy ha nhanh chng to thnh
cc Sulfat, cc hp cht c c tnh thp hn.
H2S c ch men Cytochromoxydaza (men h
hp WARBURG) cho nn c tc ng mnh ti
h h hp. Ngay nng thp, H2S c tc dng
kch thch ln mt v ng h hp. Khi tip xcko di s lm gim khu gic, nht l tip xc
nng cao lm t lit khu gic.
H2S nng 5 ppm gy nhc u kh chu,
nng 500 ppm c th gy t vong. Trong mi
trng lao ng, H2S c quy nh nng ti
a l 10 mg/m3 trung bnh 8 gi.
7 Kh CH4 t qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu
c (ch yu c trong rc
thi v nc thi sinh
hot)
Kh CH4 l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnhln men k kh. N t gy c hi, nu ch tn ti
mt nng thp hn kh nng c th pht chy.
Mi e da ch yu nht lin quan n kh sinh ra
l vn chy n khi CH4 tn ti nng 5
15%.Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi
Cc tc ng ca kh thi t qu trnh hot ng c khng ch bng cc binphp xut trong chng 4 do trn thc t cc tc ng trn c kim sot v
khng ch.
b. nhim mi trng nc
Nc ma chy trn
Theo cc ti liu Cp thot nc Nh xut bn Khoa hc K thut, 1996 v
Mng li thot nc Nh xut bn xy dng, 1996 th lng nc ma chy trn
qua khu vc nh xng c tnh theo cng thc sau :
48
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
49/98
Q = x q x S
Trong
S : Din tch nh my = 1,2943 ha
: H s dng chy (d n i vo hot ng chn = 0,95)
q : Cng ma (l/s.ha), q = 166,7 x i
166,7 : Modul chuyn t cng ma tnh theo lp nc sang
cng ma tnh theo th tch.
i (mm/pht) : Cng ca trn ma l t s gia chiu cao lp
nc vi thi gian. Theo s liu thy vn ca khu vc vo nm
2010, th i = 1,2 mm/pht.
q = 166,7 x 1,2 = 200,04 (l/s.ha)Tng lng nc ma pht sinh ln nht t Nh my :
Q = x q x S = 0,95 x 200,04 x 1,2943 = 0,246 (m 3/s)
Nc thi sinh hot
Theo d kin ca Ch u t, khi D n i vo hot ng n nh s dng
khong 450 lao ng. Trung bnh mi ngi lm vic ti Nh my s dng khong
100 lt nc/ngy trong nc v sinh c thu qua b t hoi (nc en) khong 60
lt/ngi/ngy, lng nc cn li trung bnh mi ngi s dng khong 40
lt/ngi/ngy v sinh thng thng nh ra mt, ra tay chn, v sinh sau khi n
(nc xm), s khng c thu qua b t hoi.
Do vy, lng nc thi sinh hot thi ra i vo b t hoi trung bnh khong
21,6 m/ngy m; lng nc thi sinh hot cn li khng i qua b t hoi trung
bnh thi ra mi ngy khong 14,4 m/ngy.m. i vi nc thi sinh hot nh v
sinh ra tay chn, mt mi, kh c tnh c nng n nh v ph thuc nhiuvo c tnh sn xut ca mi nh xng. Nc thi ny c Cng ty thu gom v u
ni vo h thng thot nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2.
i vi nc v sinh i qua b t hoi, c trng ca loi nc thi ny l c
nhiu cht l lng, nng cht hu c cao (t nh v sinh) nu khng c tp trung
v x l th cng nh hng xu n ngun nc mt. Ngoi ra, khi tch t lu ngy,
cc cht hu c ny b phn hy gy ra mi hi.
Bng 3.14 : Tnh cht c trng ca nc thi sinh hot
49
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
50/98
Stt Cht nhim Nng trung bnh (mg/l)1 pH 6,8
2 Cht rn l lng 220
3 Tng cht rn 720
4 COD 5005 BOD5 250
6 Tng Nit 40
7 Tng Phospho 8Ngun : Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi Trn Vn Nhn & Ng Th Nga, NXB
Khoa Hc K Thut, 1999
Cc cht hu c c trong nc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc loi Carbonhydrate,
Protein, Lipid l cc cht d b vi sinh vt phn hy. Khi phn hy th vi sinh vt cnly oxy ha tan trong nc chuyn ha cc cht hu c ni trn thnh CO2, N2,
CH4, Nng cc cht nhim c trong nc thi sinh hot u vt quy chun
QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B Tiu chun thu gom nc thi ca KCN Sng
Thn 2 nhiu ln. V vy, nc thi sinh hot phi c x l cc b ti cc b t hoi
03 ngn ca Nh my trc khi u ni dn nc thi sinh hot v h thng x l
nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 x l t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct
A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo knh Ba B. Nc thi sn xut
Trong ton b quy trnh cng ngh ca Nh my khng s dng nc v vy
hot ng ca Nh my khng lm pht sinh nc thi sn xut. Nc thi pht sinh
ti D n ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin ca Nh my.
Tc ng ca nc thi
Nh phn tch trn ngun nc thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n ch
yu l nc thi t hot ng sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin trong Nh my.
Nc thi pht sinh c Ch d n thu gom v x l cc b trc khi thi vo h
thng thu gom v x l nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2, do i tng chu
s tc ng chnh l h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Trong
trng hp h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 gp s c m
nguyn nhn l do khng kim sot c ht nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi
u vo th i tng chu tc ng gin tip l knh Ba B.
50
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
51/98
Da vo cc ngun nhim c trng ca nc thi, Chng ti a ra cc tc
hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi nh sau.
Bng 3.15 : Tc hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi
Stt Thng s Tc hi
1 Nhit ca nc thi th thng x l kh thi v
nc thi sinh hot
Lm nh hng n ng thc vt c trongngun tip nhn nc thi nh cy ci v
ng vt sng trn t, c th y c th
lm gim nng sut ca cy hay lm cht cy
v cc loi cn trng sng trong t ti cc h
thot nc ca d n.
nh hng n tc v dng phn hy
cc hp cht hu c trong nc thi.
Lm tng kh nng bc hi ca cc cht
thi c trong nc, c bit l cc hp cht d
bay hi nh Amonia.
51
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
52/98
2 Cc cht hu c t nc
thi sinh hot (BOD5,
COD).
Gim nng xy ha tan trong nc. Cc
hp cht ny phn hy gy ra mi kh chu
cho cng nhn vin hot ng trong nh my.
Cc hp cht hu c c trong nc thi
cn lm cho nhim nc ngm v t khu
vc tip nhn ngun nhim ny, l mi
trng pht trin cc vi sinh vt gy bnh
cho con ngi v ng vt lm vic ti d n
v xung quanh d n.
Cc cht hu c qu cao nu khng c
x l s lm nh hng n cht lng ncu vo ca h thng x l nc thi tp
trung KCN Sng Thn 2 v cc qu trnh x
l tip theo. Tuy nhin mc nh hng
khng cao do khi thit k h thng x l nc
thi tp trung, nh u t tnh n cc ch
tiu ny c th vt Quy chun QCVN 24 :
2009/BTNMT, ct B.3 Cht rn l lng c trong
nc thi sinh hot
Lm bt cc mao dn trong t khu vc t
thm, gim kh nng thm nc.
Cc cht l lng thm vo nc ngm cn
lm gim cht lng nc ngm khu vc D
n, nh hng n trong ca nc.
4 Cc cht dinh dng (N,P)c trong nc thi sinh
hot
Gy hin tng ph dng, m y l t trongkhu vc D n, gy ra hin tng pht trin mnh
mt s loi ru v thc vt khng c ch.
52
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
53/98
5 Cc vi khun gy bnh c
trong nc thi sinh hot
Nc c ln vi khun gy bnh l nguyn
nhn ca cc dch bnh.
Coliform l nhm vi khun gy bnh
ng rut.
E.coli (Escherichia Coli) l vi khun thuc
nhm Coliform, c nhiu trong phn ngi.
Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi
Tc ng ca cc yu t c trong nc thi sinh hot trong qu trnh hot ng
c khng ch v kim sot bng cc bin php m t trong chng 4 do trn thc
t, cc tc ng gim nhiu so vi nhng m t ti bng trn.
c. Cht thi
Cht thi sinh hot
Cht thi thng thng pht sinh t D n bao gm mt s giy vn ph liu
pht sinh trong hot ng ca vn phng, cc bao b ng nguyn vt liu khng dnh
cc thnh phn c hi v rc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin : Giy vn ph
liu t vn phng c tnh lng ph liu ny pht sinh khong 2 3 kg/ngy. Thnh
phn ch yu ca ngun ph thi ny l Xenluloza, Heminxenluloza.
Vi tng s lng cng nhn vin lm vic khi D n i vo sn xut n nhkhong 450 ngi v trung bnh mi ngi mi ngy thi ra khong 0,3 0,5 kg, th
khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot c tnh l 135 225 kg/ngy. Thnh phn thng
thng ca cht thi rn sinh hot nh sau :
Bng 3.16 : Thnh phn ca cht thi sinh hot
Stt Thnh phn T l (%)
1 Thc n tha 50,27
2 Giy cc loi 2,72
3 Que, g vn 6,27
4 Cao su, nha 0,71
5 V c, v s 1,06
6 Thy tinh 0,317 Gch , t,si, snh s 7,43
53
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
54/98
8 Kim loi 1,02
9 Rc vn kch c di 10 mm 30,21
Tng cng 100%Ngun : PTS. Nghim Xun t Nng cao hiu qu qun l cht thi rn thnh
ph NXB chnh tr quc giaCht thi sinh hot phn ln l c hm lng cht hu c d phn hy sinh hc.
y l mi trng thun li cc vt mang mm bnh sinh si, pht trin nh : Rui,
mui, chut, gin, lm mt v sinh v m quan ca Nh my, nh hng n sc
khe ca ngi tip xc trc tip vi ngun nhim ny. Ngoi ra, nu khng c
bo qun tt, nc ma chy trn qua khu vc cha cht thi rn sinh hot cun theo
cc cht nhim thm vo t lm nh hng n mi trng t, nc mt, nc
ngm. Qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c cn sinh ra mi hi thi nh hng n mi
trng khng kh khu vc. Qua bng trn th cc cht thi rn loi ny cha nhiu cht
hu c d phn hy v pht sinh vi khi lng kh ln, v vy nu khng c thu
gom v x l sinh ra mi hi thi lm nh hng n sc khe v lm mt v p m
quan ca Nh my.
Cht thi khng nguy hi
Thnh phn cht thi rn sn xut ca Nh my ch yu l cc loi ph liu gvn, da trang tr tha, khng dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi. Khi lng cht thi rn
ny pht sinh khong 50 kg/ngy. Cc loi cht thi ph liu c kh nng ti ch c
thu gom lu cha vo khu vc ring v bn li cho cc c s c nhu cu mua cc loi
ph liu ny. i vi cht thi khng nguy hi khng c kh nng ti ch c Ch d
n hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom v x l.
Cht thi nguy hi
Cht thi rn nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my ch yu l pin c
quy, bng n hunh quang thi, gi lau dnh du m, cn du m, than hot tnh
qua s dng,... Khi lng pht sinh khong 80 kg/ngy. Khi lng cht thi rn
nguy hi trn c Cng ty thu gom hng ngy v lu cha vo khu vc lu cha tm
thi CTNH ng theo Ngh nh 59/2007/N CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph v
qun l cht thi rn v Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B
trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh v qun l cht thi nguy hi.
54
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
55/98
Ngoi ra, Cng ty tin hnh lm h s ng k S ch ngun thi cht thi nguy
hi pht sinh ti Nh my v Cng ty cng hp ng vi n v c chc nng thu gom,
vn chuyn, x l CTNH x l CTNH theo ng quy nh.
M s ca cc cht thi nguy hi trn c lit k trong bng sau :
Bng 3.17 : Danh mc cc cht thi nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca d n
Stt Tn CTNHTrng thi tn
ti thng thng
S lng
(kg/thng)M CTNH
1 Bng n hunh quang thi Rn 1 16 01 06
2Du nhin liu v du Diesel
thiLng 5 17 06 01
3Than hot tnh qua s dng
t qu trnh x l kh thi
Rn 60 12 01 04
4Gi lau, vi bo v thi b
nhim cc thnh phn nguy hiRn 10 18 02 01
5 Pin, cquy ch thi Rn 2 19 06 016 Hp mc in vn phng Rn 2 08 02 04
Tng cng 80Ghi ch : M CTNH theo Thng t 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B
trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi.
3.1.2. Ngun tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi
3.1.2.1. Giai on lp t my mc thit b
a. nhim ting n
Ting n trong giai on lp t my mc thit b ch yu l do hot ng ca
cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng lp t. Mc n cch ngun 1m ca cc
phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng c trnh by trong bng sau. Mc n gim dn
theo khong cch nh hng v c th d bo nh sau :
Lp(x) = Lp(xo) + 20 log10(xo/x) Lp(xo) : Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA)
xo = 1m
Lp(x) : Mc n ti v tr cn tnh ton (dBA)
x : V tr cn tnh ton (m)
Bng 3.18 : Mc n ti a t hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng
Stt Cc phng tin
Mc n cch ngun 1m
(dBA)
55
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
56/98
Mc n
cch ngun
20m (dBA)
Mc n
cch ngun
50m (dBA)
Khong Trung bnh
1 My ko 77,0 96,0 86,5 60,5 52,5
2 Xe ti 82,0 94,0 88,0 62,0 54,03 My nn kh 75,0 87,0 81,0 55,0 47,0QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : 70 dBA (T 6 21h)
Tiu chun ca B Y T i vi khu vc sn xut : 85 dBA
(vi thi gian tip xc 8 gi)Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
Nhn xt : Mc n ti a do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v lp t my
mc thit b ti v tr cch ngun 20 m v 50 m nh hn gii hn cho php ca quy
chun QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.Ngoi ra, hot ng lp t my mc thit b cho Nh my ch thc hin vo
ban ngy, v vy tc ng do ting n n khu dn c xung quanh l khng ng k.
b. nh hng ca rung
Cc thit b, my mc dng trong qu trnh lp t thng sinh ra nhng rung
ng ln nh hng trc tip ti sc khe ca cng nhn cng nh lan truyn trn nn
t mi trng ra mi trng xung quanh.
nh hng n cng nhn trc tip vn hnh : Mc gia tc rung c xc nh
theo cng thc : La = 20 log (A/A0) (dB)
Trong A : Gi tr gia tc rung tnh my m/s2
A0 : Gia tc ngng chun (A0 = 10-5 m/s2)
Ty thuc vo chng loi v cng sut ca cc thit b my mc m mc
rung ng sinh ra s khc nhau.
nh hng n mi trng xung quanh : Rung ng sinh ra trong qu trnhhot ng lm vic ca cc thit b dng trong giai on lp t my mc khng
nhng ch gy nh hng ti mi trng lao ng, ti sc khe ngi cng nhn vn
hnh, thao tc my m cn lan truyn di dng sng mt trn nn t gy nhng tc
ng nht nh ti mi trng xung quanh.
c. Tp trung cng nhn trong giai on lp t my mc thit b
Vic tp trung cng nhn lao ng trong giai on ny c bit i vi nhng
cng nhn t ni khc n c th nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh trt t ca khu vc.
56
8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua
57/98
Tuy nhin, vi s lng cng nhn trong giai on ny khng cao d kin khong 30
ngi phn chia theo tng giai on, do mc tc ng ny khng ng k.
d. Gia tng s lng phng tin giao thng
Vic vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b s lm nh hng n hot
ng giao thng trn cc tuyn ng vn chuyn : Gia tng s lng phng tin
giao thng, ri vi vt liu,...
3.1.2.2. Giai on hot ng
Do Nh my s dng t v c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 nn cc tc
ng xi mn, trt, st l, ln t, thay i nc mt, nc ngm, xm nhp mn,
phn, bin i kh hu, suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng,... c nh gi trong
qu trnh quy hoch v nh gi tc ng mi trng cho ton th KCN Sng Thn 2.
V vy, qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my tun th y theo cc quy hoch v cc
quy nh qun l ca KCN Sng Thn 2.
T hot ng cc phng tin giao thng trong khun vin Nh my : Hot
ng