Drinking water projects in Drinking water projects in developing countries developing countries
Factors of success and failureFactors of success and failure
Luc HensHuman Ecology Department Free University of BrusselsLaarbeeklaan 103, 1090 [email protected]://www.vub.ac.be/MEKO/
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Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
ContentContent
• Water qualityWater quality• Water quantityWater quantity• Managing a drinking water projectManaging a drinking water project• Gender balance Gender balance • The economic value of waterThe economic value of water
Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
Water quality Water quality • Biological pollutantsBiological pollutants
Eye infections Eye infections Penetrating skinPenetrating skinTyphusTyphusDIARRHOEADIARRHOEA
• Chemical pollutionChemical pollutionAs skin pigmentation + cancerAs skin pigmentation + cancerFF- - dental effects + fluorosisdental effects + fluorosis
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Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
Water quantityWater quantity
• Drought Drought • DeforestationDeforestation• IrrigationIrrigation• Population growthPopulation growth
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Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
Managing a drinking water projectManaging a drinking water project
• Building mutual trustBuilding mutual trust
• Mapping Mapping
Community management
Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
• Semi-structured interviewSemi-structured interview• Household sketchesHousehold sketches• Seasonal changesSeasonal changes• Institutions: roles and responsibilitiesInstitutions: roles and responsibilities• Local knowledgeLocal knowledge• Conflict management: ‘select a water committee’Conflict management: ‘select a water committee’
select members among clear criteriaselect members among clear criteria• Assessment of satisfactionAssessment of satisfaction
Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
Gender balanceGender balance
Increase participation of womenIncrease participation of women
Create an environment that encourages women
Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
The economic value of water The economic value of water Willingness to payWillingness to pay
Improve serviceImprove serviceThreats to the existing serviceThreats to the existing serviceImprovement of the economic situationImprovement of the economic situation
Reasons for not paymentReasons for not paymentPoor management tariff systemPoor management tariff systemLack of community ownershipLack of community ownershipPerception of water as a free resourcePerception of water as a free resourcePovertyPovertyGovernment’s responsibilityGovernment’s responsibility
Transparent tariff system
Human Ecology DepartmentHuman Ecology Department
ConclusionConclusionDeveloping countriesDeveloping countries
Poor water qualityPoor water qualityPoor water quantityPoor water quantityTechnical assistance Technical assistance
EducationEducationCommunity managementCommunity managementGender balanceGender balanceTransparent tariff systemTransparent tariff system
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