Dr Peter KlugDr Peter KlugMood DisordersMood Disorders
Trauma-related DisordersTrauma-related Disorders
Forensic PsychiatryForensic Psychiatry
Occupational PsychiatryOccupational Psychiatry
ANXIETYANXIETYAND HOW TO MANAGE AND HOW TO MANAGE
ITIT
ANXIETY AND ANXIETY AND FREUDFREUD
IN EVERYDAY LIFEIN EVERYDAY LIFE
ObjectivesObjectives
Relate Freud’s structure of the mind to Relate Freud’s structure of the mind to yourselvesyourselves
Use Freudian theory to understand the Use Freudian theory to understand the nature of anxietynature of anxiety
Understand excessive anxiety and its Understand excessive anxiety and its typestypes
Understand the management of Understand the management of anxiety and aggressionanxiety and aggression
How to use these strategies for How to use these strategies for yourselfyourself
Three Great Insults to Three Great Insults to MankindMankind
Copernicus : The sun, not the earth, Copernicus : The sun, not the earth, is the centre of the solar systemis the centre of the solar system
Darwin : We evolved from animalsDarwin : We evolved from animals Freud : We don’t know what we’re Freud : We don’t know what we’re
thinkingthinking
EGO
ID
SUPEREGO
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
When you got up When you got up this morning this morning what did you what did you
consciously not consciously not have to think have to think
about?about?What is the same What is the same about you every about you every
day?day?
EgoEgo
OrganizedOrganized Mediates between the person and Mediates between the person and
realityreality TasksTasks
Perception - including self perception Perception - including self perception and self awarenessand self awareness
Adaptation to realityAdaptation to reality Uses anxiety to ensure safetyUses anxiety to ensure safety Action, memory, expression/emotion,Action, memory, expression/emotion,
SuperegoSuperego
The last function of the psyche to The last function of the psyche to developdevelop
The representative of the society within The representative of the society within the psychethe psyche
Conscience or moralityConscience or morality Ideal aspirations [ ego-ideal ]Ideal aspirations [ ego-ideal ] Mainly unconsciousMainly unconscious Develops from the ego by identifying Develops from the ego by identifying
with parentswith parents
SuperegoSuperego
Approves or disapproves of the ego’s Approves or disapproves of the ego’s actionsactions
Critical self-observationCritical self-observation Self-punishmentSelf-punishment Demands repentance or reversing a Demands repentance or reversing a
wrongwrong Provides self-love or self-esteem for Provides self-love or self-esteem for
having done righthaving done right
EGO
ID
SUPEREGO
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
IdId
Completely unconsciousCompletely unconscious Develops from the primitive Develops from the primitive
unformed psycheunformed psyche Precedes the ego and the superegoPrecedes the ego and the superego Represents our instinctual drivesRepresents our instinctual drives
Hunger/ThirstHunger/Thirst AggressionAggression SexSex
Dreams: The Royal Road Dreams: The Royal Road to the Unconsciousto the Unconscious
A psychic phenomenon that occurs A psychic phenomenon that occurs during sleep in which thoughts, during sleep in which thoughts, images, emotions etc. present images, emotions etc. present themselves to the dreamer, usually themselves to the dreamer, usually with a definite sense of realitywith a definite sense of reality
They fulfill a vital purposeThey fulfill a vital purpose They foster solution in fantasy of They foster solution in fantasy of
needs and conflicts too dangerous for needs and conflicts too dangerous for solution in realitysolution in reality
DreamsDreams
They work through destructive and They work through destructive and traumatic experiences that defy the traumatic experiences that defy the coping capacities of the waking statecoping capacities of the waking state
It is one of the ways in which It is one of the ways in which impulses from the unconscious reach impulses from the unconscious reach the level of consciousnessthe level of consciousness
It is a universal psychic function It is a universal psychic function which is typical of the human mindwhich is typical of the human mind
Anxiety and GuiltAnxiety and Guilt
SUPEREGO
EGO
ID
Anxiety and GuiltAnxiety and Guilt
SUPEREGO
ego
ID
Anxiety and GuiltAnxiety and Guilt
SUPEREGO
ID
Anxiety and Excessive Anxiety and Excessive AnxietyAnxiety
Anxiety is normal and necessary to Anxiety is normal and necessary to function on a daily basisfunction on a daily basis
Anxiety does not cause distress or Anxiety does not cause distress or dysfunctiondysfunction
Excessive anxiety is associated with Excessive anxiety is associated with symptomssymptoms
Symptoms can be gathered into Symptoms can be gathered into syndromessyndromes
Fear vs AnxietyFear vs Anxiety
Fear is the Fear is the response to an response to an immediate threatimmediate threat
Anxiety is the Anxiety is the response to an response to an anticipated threatanticipated threat
Primitive FearsPrimitive Fears
Personal InjuryPersonal Injury AbandonmentAbandonment
The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living
What are some of What are some of the symptoms of the symptoms of fear and anxiety?fear and anxiety?
Symptoms of Fear and Symptoms of Fear and AnxietyAnxiety
Somatic = BodilySomatic = Bodily Psychic = Mental or Psychic = Mental or
PsychologicalPsychological
Symptoms of Fear and Symptoms of Fear and AnxietyAnxiety
SomaticSomatic Headaches, neck aches, back aches Headaches, neck aches, back aches TremorTremor Breathing changesBreathing changes SweatingSweating Nausea and vomitingNausea and vomiting Diarrhoea and urinary frequencyDiarrhoea and urinary frequency Ringing in the earsRinging in the ears Blurred visionBlurred vision
Symptoms of Fear and Symptoms of Fear and AnxietyAnxiety
PsychicPsychicFlightFlightDreadDreadApprehensionApprehensionFreezingFreezingConfusion and IndecisivenessConfusion and IndecisivenessSense of unrealitySense of unrealityObsessionalityObsessionalityAvoidanceAvoidance
What kinds of What kinds of anxieties do I anxieties do I currently deal currently deal
with?with?-At home?-At home?
-At work?-At work?
What kinds of What kinds of strategies do I strategies do I use to manage use to manage
these anxieties?these anxieties?
Strategies for Managing Strategies for Managing AnxietyAnxiety
Becoming aware of being anxiousBecoming aware of being anxious Identifying symptomsIdentifying symptoms Identifying stressesIdentifying stresses Addressing stressesAddressing stresses Relaxation techniquesRelaxation techniques DistractionDistraction ExerciseExercise
Managing AnxietyManaging Anxiety Managing recreational timeManaging recreational time
Planning aheadPlanning aheadHolidaysHolidaysSchool holidaysSchool holidaysWeekendsWeekendsLong weekendsLong weekendsEveningsEveningsLunch breaksLunch breaksDon’t take work away with youDon’t take work away with you
Strategies for Managing Strategies for Managing AnxietyAnxiety
Active hobbies/interestsActive hobbies/interests CraftsCrafts ArtsArts GardenGarden ShedShed
Avoid screens at every opportunityAvoid screens at every opportunity Read books unrelated to workRead books unrelated to work Cultivate friends from other walks of lifeCultivate friends from other walks of life Spend time outdoorsSpend time outdoors Spend less time managing moneySpend less time managing money
Strategies for Managing Strategies for Managing AnxietyAnxiety
Sexual activity planningSexual activity planning More frequent sexMore frequent sex Spend longer having sexSpend longer having sex
Strategies for Managing Strategies for Managing AnxietyAnxiety
Slow Food MovementSlow Food Movement Slow Life vs Cult of SpeedSlow Life vs Cult of Speed The World Institute of SlownessThe World Institute of Slowness CittaslowCittaslow
Strategies for Managing Strategies for Managing AnxietyAnxiety
Drugs and AlcoholDrugs and Alcohol Alcohol - gramsAlcohol - grams Caffeine - coffee, Coke, Diet Coke, energy Caffeine - coffee, Coke, Diet Coke, energy
drinksdrinks NicotineNicotine Prescribed drugs: Stilnox, Xanax, Valium, Prescribed drugs: Stilnox, Xanax, Valium,
Temaze, Mogadon, etc, etc, etc….Temaze, Mogadon, etc, etc, etc…. Smack, speed, dope, ekkies, acid, special K, Smack, speed, dope, ekkies, acid, special K,
ice, etc, etc, etc…..ice, etc, etc, etc…..
Sleep HygieneSleep Hygiene
What you can and cannot do What you can and cannot do in bedin bed
Identifying and Identifying and challenging challenging unhelpful unhelpful thinkingthinking
A cognitive approachA cognitive approach
BIOBIO PSYCHOPSYCHO SOCIALSOCIAL
THE LATE GEORGE ENGEL
ANX EXCESSANX
1. ACUTE2. CHRONIC3.3. TRAUMATICTRAUMATIC
• Generalized
• Panic
• Pan/Ag
• OCD
• Phobias
• PTSD
SYMPTOMANXIETY
BIO
PSYCHO
SOCIAL
DEPRESSION
BIO
SOME TYPES OF SOME TYPES OF THERAPYTHERAPY
EducationEducation Supportive psychotherapySupportive psychotherapy Psychodynamic psychotherapyPsychodynamic psychotherapy Inter-personal therapy - IPTInter-personal therapy - IPT Cognitive behaviour therapy - CBTCognitive behaviour therapy - CBT Relaxation techniquesRelaxation techniques Group therapyGroup therapy
MORE TYPES OF MORE TYPES OF THERAPYTHERAPY
Narrative therapyNarrative therapy Gestalt therapyGestalt therapy Art therapyArt therapy Music therapyMusic therapy PsychodramaPsychodrama Encounter groupsEncounter groups Humour therapyHumour therapy Play therapyPlay therapy Dream interpretationDream interpretation