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Global change, marine resources and biodiversity

Advanced course

Work load Contacthours:40hoursIndependentstudy:60hours

Lecturers Prof.HenriqueQueiroga,UniversityofAveiro,PortugalProf.SteveSwearer,UniversityofMelbourne,AustraliaProf.EsterSerrão,UniversityofAlgarve,PortugalDr.FernandoLima,ResearchCentreinBiodiversityandGeneticResources,Portugal

Science Cafés Prof.JesusDubert,UniversityofAveiroProf.UlissesAzeiteiro,UniversityofAveiroParticipanttobeannouncedDr.ElenaOjea,UniversityofVigoDr.IsabelTeixeira,UniversityofAveiro

Dates September26toOctober1,2019(exceptSunday,September29)

Venue UniversityofAveiro,withvideoconferenceconnectiontotheremainingDo*Marcampi.

Timetable and rooms (Portuguese time) Morningsessions:9h00-13h00,lecturesanddiscussion,roomtobeannouncedAfternoonsessions:14h00-16h30,paperreadinganddiscussion,roomtobeannouncedLateafternoonsessions:17h00-18h30,sciencecafé,roomtobeannounced

Background and objectives Most macroscopic marine organisms, from algae to fish, are sessile or sedentary organismsreproducingthroughpropagules(spores,vegetativefragments,larvae)thatspendminutestomonths

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intheplankton.Theexistenceofaplanktonicpropaguleinthelifecycleoftheseorganismshastwomajorconsequencestothedynamicsofthepopulations:i)manymarinespeciesformmetapopulationsandii)smallvariationsinthemortalityfactorsduringthedispersalphaseoriginatelargechangesinsupply to the adult habitat. Recorded and expected changes in ocean climate are increasedtemperatures,increasedstratification,changesinoceaniccurrents,andacidification.Thesechangesimpact on the dispersal, growth, feeding and mortality of planktonic propagules, resulting ingeographical shiftsof thepopulationalunits.Understanding the factors that affect thedispersalofpropagules, themortality ratesand factors towhich theyaresubjected, thedegreeof connectivitybetweenlocalpopulations,andthespatialorganizationofmetapopulationsisachallengingtask,butonethatisessentialtounderstandtheeffectsofglobalchangeandforanecosystemicapproachtothemanagementofmarineenvironment.

Course structure Themorningsessionsarebasedonlecturesreviewingthemajorrecordedandexpectedchangesintheoceanclimateandaddressingtheecologicalconceptsandmechanismsunderpinningthedispersalofmarine propagules and themortality factors that affect different phases of the life cycle. Theselecturesarefollowedbydiscussionsofpreviouslydistributedpapers,emphasisingthebasicdispersalandmortalityprocessesand thepatternsofchange in themetapopulationsofmarinespecies.Theresearch methodologies and the implications of the ecology of early life-history stages for themanagement of marine populations and ecosystems are also explicitly addressed. The afternoonsessionsareallocatedtoreadingofthesuggestedpapers.Thesciencecafésincludeshortpresentationsoffurthercasestudies,followedbydiscussions.

Syllabus (provisional) 1. Climatictrendsintheoceanandimpactsonmarinebiodiversity(Queiroga) Abriefreviewofglobaltrendsandimpacts,andafocusintheIberianPeninsula2. Regulationofmarinepopulationsandcommunities(Queiroga,Swearer) Significanceofaplanktonicphasefortheecologyofmarinemeta-populations3. Thepatternsandprocessesinthehorizontaldispersalofplanktonicpropagules(Queiroga) Biophysicalinteractions4. Measuring dispersal and population connectivity in marine organisms (Swearer, Serrão,

Queiroga) Methods:elementalmarkers,molecularmarkers,biophysicalmodels5. Climatechange,dispersalpathwaysandrangeshifts(Lima,Serrão,Swearer) Casestudies,coveringadiversityoftaxaandgeographicalregions6. DesignationandmanagementofMarineProtectedAreas(Queiroga,Swearer)

HowdoesknowledgeonthedispersivephaseinformimplementationandmanagementofMPAnetworks

7. Biologicalresourcesmanagement(Lima,Ojea,Swearer) Howdoesknowledgeonthedispersivephaseinformmanagementofexploitedpopulations

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Science Cafés ModellingthefutureIbericocean,Prof.JesusDubert.September26.Climate-relatedchangesinestuarinezooplankton,Prof.UlissesAzeiteiro.September27.Topictobeannounced.September28.Trophicwebsofthefutureocean,Dr.IsabelTeixeira.September30.Smallscalefisheriesandadaptationtoclimatechange,Dr.ElenaOjea.October1.

Suggested reading 1-2paperspereachchapter.Listtobeupdated.Thesepaperswillbedistributedbeforethecourse.

Teachers CVs HenriqueQueiroga(AssociateProfessor,DepartamentodeBiologia&CESAM-CentrodeEstudosdoAmbienteedoMar,UniversityofAveiro,henrique.queiroga@ua.pt)Henrique is Professor ofMarine and Estuarine Ecology and of Biological Oceanography.Hismainresearch interests are the interactions between behaviour of larval forms and physical forcingcontrolling the dispersal and recruitment of marine species and the integration of multiple tools(numeric biophysical models, genetic markers, elemental fingerprinting) to assess populationconnectivity. Henrique is also interested in the processes that regulate large scale biodiversitypatterns,marineconservation,andmarineecosystemservices.HenriqueisamemberoftheScientificBoard of the National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change, and Director of the doctoralprogrammesonMarineScience,TechnologyandManagement-Do*Mar.Hecoordinatedthesuccessfulapplication of the Berlengas Archipelago to the Biosphere Reserves Network (UNESCO), and is amemberoftheStrategicCounciloftheReservaNaturaldasBerlengas.HenriquehasbeenPrincipalInvestigator or team member of several national and international research projects on marineecologyandonmarineecosystemservices.Editoroftwobooksandauthorof>90papersinleadinginternationaljournalsintheareaofMarineBiology.Researchadvisorof22M.Sc.students,19Ph.D.students and 7 post-doc researchers. Has been referee of several leading journals in the fields ofzoologyandmarineecology,andmemberoftheorganizingorscientificcommitteesof6internationalconferences.Prof. Steve Swearer (Full Professor, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne)s.swearer@unimelb.edu.au)StephenisProfessorofmarinebiologyattheUniversityofMelbourne.Hebeganhiscareerasalarvalfish biologist and his research in this field has focused on understanding how larval dispersal,settlement and recruitment influence population replenishment and connectivity in marineecosystemsandtheecologicalandenvironmentalfactorsthatinfluencetheseprocesses.In2015,hebecameDirectoroftheNationalCentreforCoastsandClimate.Sincethen,hisresearchhastakenabroaderfocusintodevelopingsolutionsforaddressingtheimpactsofoverabundantspecies,habitat

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loss and climate change in marine and coastal ecosystems in partnership with government andindustry.Prof. Ester Serrão (Associate Professor, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, CCMAR – Centro deCiênciasdoMar,UniversityofAlgarve,eserrao@ualg.pt)EstercoordinatestheteamBEE(Biogeography,EcologyandEvolution)atCCMAR,researchinghowmarinepopulationspersist,disperseandevolveasspeciesrangesshift, inresponse tohabitatandclimaticchanges.Shepublished>220indexedscientificpapersandcoordinated>10largenationaland international research projects. She develops conservation and marine habitat restorationprojectsandsocietaloutreach,whichreceivedinternationalprizes.TheseincludediverseactionssuchasaPewMarineFellowawardforconservationofgeneticbiodiversityofmarineforestsaroundtheworld,habitatrestorationattheMarineProtectedAreasoftheArrábidaNaturalPark(Portugal)andscientific advisory to the Natural Park of Banc d’Arguin (Mauritania). She contributes to trainingstudents(18PhD,46MSc,21BSc)andyoungresearchers(18postdocs),taughtmanyundergraduateand graduate courses and initiated and coordinated international graduate study programs at theUniversityofAlgarve.Dr. Fernando Lima (Assistant Researcher, CIBIO- Research Centre on Biodiversity and GeneticResources,fplima@gmail.com)Fernando’s main research interest is the study of marine biodiversity and biogeography, withparticularemphasisontheprocessesgoverningspeciesdistributions.Mostofmyrecentworksfocuson the study of alterations in species distributions and their relation with climate change. I likemultidisciplinaryapproaches,andmycurrentprojectscombineaspectsfromexperimentalecology,behavioranalysis,physiology,climatology,electronics,andmodelling.