Diffusion Iodine and Starch Reaction
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=2Th0PuORsWY&f
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1. What caused the color change you observed?
• Starch solution inside the dialysis tubing
• Water outside the dialysis tubing
• Iodine added to the water• --- REACTION! Color
change! How?
2. What was able to diffuse across the membrane?
• Starch solution changed color• Water in the beaker didn’t have a reaction• What can you conclude:
– About the movement of starch molecules?– About the movement of iodine molecules?– About the movement of water molecules?
What molecules were able to diffuse in/out the membrane?
• Water• Iodine• Why couldn’t
starch move acrossthe membrane?
3. Was the beaker of water hypertonic or hypotonic compared to the starch solution in
the tubing?• Hypertonic = more solute (high concentration) • Hypotonic = less solute (low concentration)
• What’s a solute? – The substance you’re dissolving (starch)
• What’s a solvent? – The substance you’re dissolving the solute IN (water)
3. Where is the highest concentration of solute? The lowest concentration?
4. Why was the weight of your tubing different after adding iodine to the water?
• Water moves from high low concentration
• Water moved into the dialysis tubing due to … OSMOSIS!
• Would water still move across the membrane without using iodine?
How does the tubing represent a cell membrane?
• Selectively (semi) permeable – only certain molecules can cross the membrane– Water, iodine, NOT starch
• Normally, cells exist in isotonic solution– What’s isotonic? What’s the solution?
• Osmosis can cause cells to shrivel up, swell, or even burst!
How can water cause a cell to burst?• When cells are in a “freshwater” solution• Water rushes in, bursting the cell
What about plant cells?• What do plant cells have that animal cells
do not? • Notice the cell wall does not collapse (or
burst), but the cell membrane can collapse
What allows water molecules in/out of the cell?
• Aquaporins – water channel proteins– Type of facilitated diffusion, because it requires
“help” from a specific channel protein• Special protein channels are embedded in
the lipid bilayer – a double-layered sheet that forms a strong, flexible barrier called the …
• YOU GUESS IT! CELL MEMBRANE!
The Lipid Bilayer
2 sheets of lipids make the lipid bilayer
-- PHILIC = loving -- PHOBIC = hating
Why is the hydrophilic portion on the outside and the hydrophobic portion on the inside of
the two sheets?
Recap -• Osmosis is… movement
of WATER molecules from high to low concentration– This creates osmotic
pressure - a force produced by the net movement of water
• Diffusion is… movement of molecules from high to low concentration
Types of Transport• ACTIVE TRANSPORT• Moves materials
against concentration gradient
• Requires energy!• Endocytosis - import
– Phagocytosis• Exocytosis - export
PASSIVE TRANSPORT• Occurs due to
concentration gradient
• Requires no energy• Diffusion• Osmosis