DELIVERINGANEFFECTIVEJOURNALCLUBPRESENTATION
Amanda Preston, PhDScientific Editor
Children’s Foundation Research Institute [email protected]; 287 5368
WHATISTHEPOINTOFJOURNALCLUB?
• Keepupwithscien-ficliterature
• Learnhowtocri-callyreviewscien-ficpapers
• Iden-fyareasofcollabora-onwithfellowJournalClubbers
• Shareknowledgeandideaswithscien-stsbothinandoutofyourfieldofresearch
• Learnhowtopresentyourideasandpar-cipateinscien-fic
debate
TALKOUTLINE:
Howtofulfillthetwo“jobs”oftheJournalClubpresenter
1.Selec-ngthepaper(s)topresent
2.Presen-ngthepapertotheJournalClubaudience
PresentaKonbasics
AudienceresponsibiliKes
JOB1:SELECTINGAPAPERTOPRESENT
" Selectthreescien-ficjournalar-clessuitableforpresenta-onandforwardthepdfstoDrAmaliSamarasinghe.
" DrSamarasinghewillhelpguideyourchoiceofar-cle
JOB1:SELECTINGAPAPERTOPRESENT
" Choose“good”papers-
" Peerreviewed
" Exploresandadvancesknowledgeaboutanimportantarea
" Approachestheproblemusinginnova-vemethodsandmul-pletechniques
" Mechanis-c,notpurelydescrip-ve
" Noreviews!Originalresearchonly
" Donotchooseanar-clethathaslotsofobviousflaws,purelyforthefactthatitwillbeeasytocri-cize
" Implica-onsformul-plefields
" WheretofindJournalClubar-cles:
" Fromyourownreadingoftheliterature,PubMed
" Colleagues,professors,friends
" Conferenceabstractbooks
" SciencePerspec-ves,NatureNewsandViews,Journal’ssocialmedia
" Reliablejournals-highimpactfactorjournals,nichejournalsforyourfield
JOB1:SELECTINGAPAPERTOPRESENT
" Yourjobistotellthestoryofthepaper
" Itiscri-calyouunderstandthepaperyouarepresen-ng
" Beprepared!
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffiliaKons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
OUTLINETHESTORY-GIVESUFFICIENTBACKGROUND
" Howdidyoucomeacrossthisar-cle?
" Whatinforma-ondoestheaudienceneedtounderstandthisstudy?
" Whyisthestudyimportant?
" Rememberthatnoteveryoneisfromyourfieldofresearch
" Avoidjargon
" Beguidedbytheinforma-onintheIntroduc-on
SOS
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PKCα Akt
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GAGp85
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NIK
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Akt
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SOCS3Shc
NINIKKNNGRB2GRB2
IRS-1Fyn
GRB10
Ras
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MEK1/2
ERK
PDE3B
PKA
SGK
JNK
SHP2
IRS-1
PTENPTEN
SHIPCAPCbl
PPFlotillinn
Cav
blAPSSynip
ASIPPP2A
Bad
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p70 S6K
4E-BP1
eIF4BeIF2BI
ATP citratelyase
PP1
PP GlycogenSynthase
RaptorGSK3
Akt SGK
T 1T 1
Tsc2
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FKHR AFXX FKHR1 ERK
C3CC3CrKII
TC10TC10TC10
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Lipid Rafts
GLUT-4
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SodiumTransport
LipolysisGrowth
GlycogenSynthesis
Fatty AcidSynthesis Protein
SynthesisApoptosis
Apoptosis
GLUT-4 Translocation
Key
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Phosphatase
TranscriptionFactor
Ligand
Insulin pathway
Discover more at abcam.com/insulin
• Redraw if necessary
IR
IRS1
PI3K
PIP3
Cav APS
SIMPLEISBETTER!
Figure reference: http://docs.abcam.com/pdf/rabmab/insulin-pathway.pdf. Accessed 1/7/2017
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorquesKonsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
EXPLICITLYSTATETHEAIMS/MAJORQUESTIONSOFTHEPAPER
" Fairlyself-explanatory
" UsuallyfoundintheIntroduc-onofthepaper
" Helpstodrawbackinaudiencememberswhomayhavedridedoff
" Givesyoua“measurings-ck”toassessifthestudyachievesitsstatedaims
" Itisfinetostatefindingsrightatthestartofyourpresenta-on
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
PRESENTINGFIGURES
" Onlinear-cles-downloaddirectlyintoPowerpoint.ForPDFfiles-AdobePro
" Whenresizingfigures–donotstretch
" SlideTitle=findingofthefigure
" Allfiguresshouldfillscreenandbereadablefromthebackoftheroom
" Mul--partorcomplicatedfigures Splitupondifferentslides Useanima-onto“build”complicatedslides
PRESENTINGFIGURES
" Alwaysdescribetheassayorexperimentfully
" YoudonothavetopresentEVERYfigureortable
" Forcomplexstudies,simplifyresultswithbasicillustra-on
PRESENTINGTABLES
" Makesurethetablesarelegible Considerre-typing
" Forverylargedatatables,re-typeonlytheimportantinforma-on
" SimplifywherepossibleRoundoffnumbersUsecolorstoshowrela-veincreasesordecreases
METHODS
" Giveabriefoutlineoftechniqueswherenecessary
" Rememberyouraudiencehasadiversescien-ficbackground
" Donotforgetsta-s-calanalysis
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
– Whichconclusionsaredirectlydrawndirectlyfromtheanalysisoftheresults?Whicharemorespecula-ve?
– Doallconclusionsdrawnmakesensebasedontheresults?
– Hasthisar-clesupportedtheacceptedthinkingonthistopicorhasitrefutedit?
– Howhasthisar-clefurtheredthinkinginthefield?
STATETHECONCLUSIONSOFTHESTUDYANDPUTTHERESULTSINTOCONTEXTOFTHELARGERFIELD
Adaptedfrom:hjp://evolu-on.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/teach/journal/journal-ps.php.Accessed1/7/2017
JOB2:PRESENTINGTHEPAPERTOJOURNALCLUBAUDIENCE
" InformaKontoinclude:
" Title,authorsandaffilia-ons
" Outlinethestory–givesufficientbackground
" Explicitlystatetheaims/majorques-onsofthepaper
" Explaintheresults,includingthemethodsused
" Statetheconclusionsofthestudyandputtheresultsintocontextofthelargerfield
" Commentonthevalidityofthemethods,resultsandtheconclusions
CRITIQUE
• Givetheauthorscreditforelegantexperiments
• Beforebeinghighlycri-cal,considerthelimita-onsweallworkunder
• partofcri-calanalysisisunderstandingandapprecia-nggoodexperimentaldesign
Adapted from: http://umanitoba.ca/faculties/health_sciences/medicine/units/immunology/Journal%20Club%20Requirements%20and%20Instructions.html Accessed 1/7/2017
CRITIQUE" Peer-reviewgenerallydoesaprejygoodjobofweedingout“badscience”–howevertheys-llexist!
" Lookfor
" Sensa-onalistheadlines
" Misinterpretedresults
" conflictsofinterest
" Correla-onconflatedwithcausa-on
" Specula-velanguage
" Samplesizetoosmall
" Inappropriatesta-s-calanalysis
Adaptedfrom:ParsonsECMandWrightAJ(2015)Thegood,thebadandtheuglyscience:examplesfromthemarinesciencearena.Front.Mar.Sci.2:33.doi:10.3389/fmars.2015.00033Brunning,A.(2014).ARoughGuidetoSpo7ngBadScience.Availableonlineat:hjp://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/02/a-rough-guide-to-spoqng-bad-science.
" Unrepresenta-vesamples
" Nocontrolorinappropriatecontrol
" Noblindtes-ng
" “Cherry-picked”results
" Unreplicatedresults
" Hasthepaperbeencited?
CRITIQUE• Arethereanymajoroutliersinthedata?Arealloftheresults
obtainedconsistentwiththehypothesisbeingtested?
• Whatevidencewouldmaketheauthors'casestronger?
• Whatevidencewouldargueagainsttheauthors?
• Canyoumakeacaseagainsttheauthors'interpreta-onoftheirresults?
Adaptedfrom:hjp://evolu-on.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/teach/journal/journal-ps.php.Accessed1/7/2017
QUESTIONSANDDISCUSSION
" Ques-onsfromtheaudiencewillbedirectedtothepresenteratfirst–bepreparedtofieldques-ons
" Youarenotexpectedtoknoweverythingaboutthepaper
PRESENTATIONBASICS
" arrivetotheloca-onatleast15minutesearlytogetsetuponthecomputer
" Haveyourpresenta-ononaflashdrive
" Alaserpointerwillbeprovided
• Prac-ceyourpresenta-onoutloud
• Speakinaloudclearvoice,donotrushthroughyourslides
• speakerevalua-onsheetasguide
PRESENTATIONBASICS
• Keepslidesunclujeredwithlogosandfancybackground
• Makesureyourtextcontrastswiththeslidebackground–egblacktextonawhitebackground
• Textshouldbeatleast26ptandsanserif
• Bolding,colorandspacingcanbeusedforemphasis
AUDIENCEMEMBERS:READTHEPAPER!!
" Youareexpectedtopar-cipateintheJournalClubdiscussion
" Asyoureadthepaper,askthesameques-onsthatthepresentermight
" PleasebepreparedtoexchangeideasinJournalClub
QUESTIONS?