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Web Authoring Tools
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Overview
What are Web Authoring Tools? Available Web Authoring Tools FrontPage 98 - An Overview Web Authoring using FrontPage 98 Image Tools Being a Webmaster Advanced Web Contents
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What are Web Authoring Tools?
Web authoring tools enable the developers to develop appealing web sites faster by allowing them to work visually, for example, to create links, tables, frames, etc., while taking care of generating required HTML code for these operations
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Available Tools
Microsoft FrontPage’98» FrontPage 98 is a professional Web
publishing and development tool for the creation and maintenance of large and complex Web Sites
NetObjects Fusion Corel Webmaster Suite Several Others
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FrontPage’98 Features
It lets developers create appealing web pages without having the arcane knowledge of HTML
It provides Web Site content management
It also supports easy insertion of images, sound files, applets, ActiveX controls, etc.
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Features What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get (WYSIWYG)
HTML editor Support for creation of frames using a frame
wizard (Expert Assistant Tool) A number of Web site templates are available Ready-made Web sites can be customized using
a wizard HTML source editor for inserting unsupported tags Support for creating forms and tables
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Features Web Clip Art (backgrounds, buttons, lines,
images, animated images) Support for database connectivity Scripting using JavaScript and Visual Basic
script Cross Web Spell-Checker and Find-and-
Replace WebBot Components (Search, Timestamp,
etc)
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Features
Web Site management with folder, hyperlink, hyperlinks status, all files and navigation views
Automatic hyperlink recalculation and repair Full text index generation for search facility
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Components
Explorer Editor Personal Web Server Server Extensions Administrator
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FrontPage Explorer It is a tool for creating, viewing, and maintaining FrontPage
webs It is a graphical web site organizer providing different views
of the web site:» Folders view» All Files view» Navigation view» Hyperlinks view» Hyperlink Status view» Themes view» Tasks view
Test and repair hyperlinks automatically Import and export FrontPage webs
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FrontPage Editor Allows to create individual pages in a WYSIWYG editing
environment Helps in creating Web Pages from scratch or editing those
that are created by wizards and templates FrontPage editor supports:
» Normal, HTML, and Preview views» Text Formatting » Lists, Tables and Frames» Hyperlinks with Text, Images, Imagemaps» Insertion of Java applets, ActiveX Controls and WebBot components» Creation of forms with drag and drop ease for inserting text fields,
buttons, etc.
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FrontPage Personal Web Server
A small scale web server for publishing personal web site Provides assistance in testing different aspects of a Web site
locally Provides some security features
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Server Extensions
Server extensions are available for coupling FrontPage’98 with the following web servers:» Microsoft Internet Information Server (Win NT)» Netscape Web Servers (Win 95/NT, Unix)» Apache Web Server (Unix)» Several Others
Server extensions provide file and folder access, background services, browse-time services, security services.
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Administrator
» Allows the management and security aspects of FrontPage Webs
» Useful for installing, upgrading, uninstalling, and checking & fixing server extensions on a particular port for different types of web servers.
» Administrator is available on all platforms for which server extensions are available.
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Web Site Creation
Using Template Using Wizards From the Basics
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FrontPage Templates
Web Site Templates» Customer Support Web» Project Web» Personal Web» One Page Web» Empty Web
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FrontPage Templates
Web Page Templates» Normal, » Bibliography, » Guest Book, » Search Page, » Table of Contents, » Frequently Asked Questions, » Pages with frames and forms, and many more
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FrontPage Wizards
Web Site Wizards» Corporate Presence Web Wizard» Discussion Web Wizard
Web Page Wizard» Form Page Wizard
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Web Site Creation
Create One Page Web Add contents to it using FrontPage
Editor Add more pages and contents Link them using the Navigation view and so on
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Web Authoring using FrontPage
A developer can generate HTML pages using the FrontPage Editor
The FrontPage Editor provides the facility of inserting HTML tags using an easy to use graphical interface
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Web Authoring using FrontPage
Following features will be explored:» Text Formatting
» Links and Bookmarks
» Image Insertion
» Creating Tables
» Inserting an Applet
» Creating Frames
» Creating Forms
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Web Authoring using FrontPage
Advanced Web Authoring Features:» Themes» Navigation Bars» Shared Borders» Miscellaneous Features
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Text Formatting
Change Style Change Font
Increase/Decrease Font
Bold/Italics/Underline
Text Color
Alignment
Numbered/BulletLists
Decrease/IncreaseIndent
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Links and Bookmarks
Links can be created for» text» images» hot spots on images
In order to create bookmarks select the text and then go to “Bookmark” option in “Edit” menu
Bookmarks can also be specified as targets of the links
Select text or image and click this icon to create a link
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Image Insertion
Place the cursor where the image is to be insertedand click this icon
Once an image is inserted click the right mouse button on it and then select the “Properties” to adjust its properties
Tip: In most contexts an easy way to get the property sheet is to press the right mouse button and then select the “Properties”
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Creating Tables This is one of the most powerful feature of
FrontPage which relieves the developer from inserting complicated table tags in HTML fileTip: Always use tables to make good looking/formatted pages; this is
mostly to circumvent the limitations of HTML’s formatting capabilities
Click this icon to insert a table with specified number of rows and columns
Once a table is inserted click the right mouse button andthen select the “Properties” on it to set its properties
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Inserting an Applet
Place the cursor where the applet is to be inserted and click this icon
Fill the Applet Properties Form
J for Java applet
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Creating Frames
FrontPage provides different types of frames to select
Select “New” from “File” Menu of FrontPage Editor, pick Frames tab and then select one of the frame types
FrontPage will load that frame into the FrontPage Editor with the option of either creating a new page or loading an existing page into each frame
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Creating Forms
Forms can be created in FrontPage using the Form Page Wizard or using one of the Form Templates or using the Form Toolbar to make a fully custom form.
Form Toolbar:One line text box
Scrolling text box
Checkbox
Radio button
Drop down menu
Push button
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Advanced Web Authoring Features
Themes Navigation Bars Shared Borders Miscellaneous Features
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Themes
Themes provide an assortment of professionally designed Web page styles
Themes can be applied a page at a time or throughout an entire Web
Used for consistent style and colors Themes overrides many of the
formatting options
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Navigation Bar
Navigation bars uses the information in Navigation view to construct menu bars on individual pages, ensuring that the user’s view and the Navigation view are always in sync.
The content and appearance of navigation bars can be controlled through the property sheet.
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Shared Border
Shared borders » provide a facility for standardizing content
and appearance across an entire Web.» provide a way to insert standard content at
the top, bottom, left, or right edges of pages in the same Web.
» can be applied at the Web level or at the individual page level.
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Miscellaneous Features
Hit Counter Hover Buttons Timestamp Banner ad Manager Marquee Others
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Image Tools Microsoft Image Composer Paint Shop Pro Corel:
– Web Draw– Web Photo Paint
Animated GIF Tools» Corel Web Move» GIF Construction Set» Microsoft GIF Animator
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Being a Webmaster
Who is a webmaster? Responsibilities
» Collaboration» Advertising» Maintaining Web Contents up to date» Miscellaneous
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Who is a webmaster?
A Webmaster is the person who designs the overall structure of the web, implements it and administers its on-going developments
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Responsibilities of a Webmaster
Collaboration Advertising Maintaining Web Contents up to
date Miscellaneous
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Collaboration
A good web site is constructed with the cooperation of all the concerned information providers, like individuals and departments, with the webmaster
The information that a department wants to publish on the Intranet/Internet should be made available to the webmaster
The webmaster is responsible for upholding any policies of an organization while publishing documents
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Advertising
The webmaster is responsible for advertising the contents of the web site
Visitors should be able to find the required documents easily by using a search facility or catalog
New contents should also be linked to a page called “What’s New?” dedicated for browsing new contents (this is particularly helpful for regular visitors)
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Maintaining Web Contents Upto Date
A web site looses its usefulness if its contents are not maintained up to date
Among the continuously changing information are:» Calendar of events» Announcements» Newsletters» Product updates» Job opportunities» Bug fixes
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Miscellaneous Responsibilities
Automating routine tasks Making templates available for pages
commonly required by large number of people or for standarization
Periodic hunting/fixing for dangling links On-going effort in educating information
providers Security aspects
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Advanced Web Contents
Java Applets Servlets VRML Worlds JavaScripts/VBScript Others
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Advanced Web Contents (Cont’d)
Applets» Applets are compiled Java programs that are
downloaded and executed on the client Servlets
» Servlets are server side equivalent of applets» Servlets are compiled Java programs that are
executed on the server on request and return the results
» As a replacement for CGI but with high performance» Platform independent» Provides security and safety
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Advanced Web Contents
Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)» VRML is the tool for creating 3D experiences on
the WWW» Allows one to visualize his visions and make them
available on the Web
JavaScript/VBScript» JavaScript is a programming language that allows
scripting of event, objects and actions to create Internet applications
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Introduction to Java
Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1991.
James Gosling is the principal designer of Java.
Java is developed for the Internet with a heavy network centric view
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Introduction to Java (Cont’d)
Sun Microsystems originally developed Java as a language to control television boxes.
Project began in 1991 and was referred to as the “Green” team headed by James Gosling.
By the end of 1991, Gosling had a beta version called Oak.
With the explosion of Internet and Web, the Green team realized that Oak can be used for programming Web applications.
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Introduction to Java (Cont’d)
Java did not get much attention until it was paired with the WWW browser HotJava.
When Netscape incorporated HotJava’s ability in its own browser, Java really took off and started to generate much excitement.
In early 1995, the language was renamed as Java.
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Java Development Environment
Java compilers convert Java source code into class files of byte code. Java byte code is not specific to a particular microprocessor architecture. Its native architecture is the Java Virtual Machine.
Java transcends from being a language to that of a software platform because of the Java Virtual Machine.
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Java Development Environment
Java class files are portable to any hardware platform that has a Java run-time environment.
Java run-time environment consists of:» the Java Virtual Machine,» standard class libraries,» a byte-code interpreter.
The interpreter runs the class files on the virtual machine without any recompilation.
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Java Applets and Applications
Java applets are Java programs that run within a Java-enabled browser. A Java-enabled browser provides the Java run-time environment.
Java applications are standalone Java programs that can be run on any platform on which Java run-time environment is available.
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Java Applets and Applications (Cont’d)
Java Applets
Web Browser
Stand-aloneJava
Applications
Stand-aloneJava
Applications
Java Run-time Environment:• Byte code interpreter• Java Virtual machine• Java class libraries
Windows/0x86MacOS/PowerPC
Unix/RISCOther platform
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Java Applet inclusion
Use the tags <APPLET> … </APPLET> Specify parameters such as speed, color (for
background and text, etc.)
<applet code=“Blink.class” width=300 height=30>
<param name=lbl value = “Welcome”>
<param name=speed value=“6”>
</applet>
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Introduction to Scripting
In the context of the Web, the scripting languages extend the capabilities of the Web browser (client-side scripting) or the Web server (server-side scripting).
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Introduction to Scripting
Client-side scripting are normally used:» To provide improved user interface in the
browser» To perform data validation» Make browsing interactive
Server-side scripting are normally used:» To implement business rules» To provide access to data (for example,
databases)
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Introduction to Scripting (Cont’d)
Examples: Client-side scripting languages:
» JavaScript» VBScript
Server-side scripting languages:» Netscape LiveWire Script (JavaScript for
Netscape servers)» VBScript
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Illustrative JavaScript Code The following code display a form button and displays a
message in a pop up window whenever a user presses that button.
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>An Illustrative JavaScript Example</TITLE><SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"><!--function dontclickme() { // button click handleralert("I told you not to click me");}<!-- end script --></SCRIPT></HEAD><BODY><FORM><INPUT TYPE="button" NAME="mycheck" VALUE="Do not Click Me!"
onClick="dontclickme()"></FORM></BODY></HTML>
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Illustrative VBScript Code The following code displays a message “Hello World!”
when the user clicks on a form button.
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>An Illustrative VBScript Example</TITLE><SCRIPT LANGUAGE="VBScript"><!--Sub Command1_OnClick() MsgBox "Hello World!"End Sub<!-- end script --></SCRIPT></HEAD><BODY><FORM><INPUT TYPE="button" NAME="Command1" VALUE="Click Me!"></FORM></BODY></HTML>
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Summary of Appendix-A
Web Authoring Tools - FrontPage 98
Image Tools Being a Webmaster Advanced Web Contents
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Appendix-B
Electronic Commerce
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ObjectivesObjectives
In the following slides we will:
Learn about E-Commerce and New Technologies such as:» Digital cash» Malls» Virtual Companies
Learn how to build your Intranet for business
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RationaleRationale
A recently published report by Ernst & Young entitled Internet Shopping reported that 41 percent of US households have computers, 20 percent are online, with 11 percent more planning to go online within the next twelve months, bringing the total up to 1 in 4 US households online. 32 percent of those online have purchased online with another 30 percent interested in web shopping. Computer products, books, travel, clothing and music are the most commonly purchased online products.
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Some Recent Statistics
USD 1.2 Trillion in E-commerce by 2001 Over 320 million pages on WWW Sales Growth are attributed to the Internet Traditional Media is dying 24% of US Web users are online shoppers
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What is Electronic Commerce?
Electronic commerce is using the networks to facilitate the selling and buying of goods and services and related activities involved in the transaction of business.
Big business has been conducting electronic commerce for several years using Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
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What is Electronic Commerce?
Now wide scale electronic commerce over the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) is becoming possible.
Global electronic commerce and payments business on the Internet will reach $800 billion within five years.
An annual growth rate of 16 percent
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Advantages
Cut the cost of finding customers and suppliers
Expand trading areas from local to global Speed the time it takes to purchase and
receive goods and services Pay for and receive goods as they are
needed without having to rely on large inventories
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Disadvantages
The perception that transacting business is risky for both buyers and sellers
The lack of standards for digital money and other electronic payment systems
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Conventional Electronic Commerce
Online catalogs in hypertext format Fax, telephony, imaging Electronic orders
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New Technologies
Digital cash Malls Virtual companies
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CashCash
Characteristics:» Anonymity» Liquidity
Weaknesses» High risk of robbery» Expensive to store and move
– $60 billion a year in USA for transportation
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Electronic PaymentsElectronic Payments
Agents: buyer, seller, intermediary Steps
» buyer initiate transaction with the seller» seller demands payment» buyer obtains a certification from intermediary» buyer gives the certification to the seller» the seller gives the certification to intermediary
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Advantages of Electronic Fund Transfer
Advantages of Electronic Fund Transfer
Saved time Reduced costs for paper handling Flexibility
» ATM
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Disadvantages of Electronic Fund Transfer
Disadvantages of Electronic Fund Transfer
Non-anonymity Low Liquidity
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Prepaid CardsPrepaid Cards
Advantages» Anonymity» Security
Disadvantages» Liquidity
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Digital CashDigital Cash
Steps» Withdrawal of the digital cash from client’s
digi-cash account» Transfer of the digi-cash to client and storing
it in an electronic format» Transfer of digi-cash from client to seller
using Internet services (ftp, e-mail, ..)» All transferred digit-cash should be encrypted
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Digital CashDigital Cash
Advantages» Anonymity (cash)» Security (ETF)» Low risk of robbery (ETF)» Non Expensive to store and move (ETF)
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Digital CashDigital Cash
Problems» Liquidity
– more people should have access to the Internet
» US. Export restrictions on advanced encrypted systems.
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Example: EcashExample: Ecash
Developed by Digicash Co. of Amsterdam
Implemented by Mark Twain Bank in US.
Ecash accounts:» Funds are not deposits in the bank» Funds are not insured
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EcashEcash
Procedure» Withdraw Ecash using Internet» Store Ecash in hard disk (electronic wallet)» Ecash is stored electronically and encrypted» Transfer Ecash to others using Internet» Encryption
– Asymmetric RSA– 768 bits key size
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Internet MallsInternet Malls
More than 600 Malls on WWW housing some seventy-five hundred retailers
The number of malls growing by fifty per month
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Shopping Malls
List of some established online shopping malls:» http://www.homeport-sd.com/marketplace/» http://www.industry.net» http://www.interwebinc.com» http://www.cts.com» http://www.shoppping2000.com
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First Virtual Companyhttp://www.fv.com/pubdoscs/fv-austin.txt
First Virtual Companyhttp://www.fv.com/pubdoscs/fv-austin.txt
Four Founders lived in San Diego, Orange county, Silicon Valley, and Northern New Jersey.
Formed early 1994, first product announced October 1994
No Physical offices until 15 months after the company was founded (eight months after system became operational)
The servers were setup in Cleveland The data 800 numbers were in Portland
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First Virtual CompanyFirst Virtual Company
The voice 800 numbers were in Oregon Marketing from Washington Public relations in San Diego Most of transactions, marketing, public
relations, maintenance of machines are done through the Internet.
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PaymentPayment
Internet payment system» Intermediary payment system» Does not relay on encryption» Sensitive information (postal service)
– Credit card numbers, PIN numbers (buyer)– Bank account (seller)
» Non sensitive information (Internet)
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PaymentPayment
Steps» The buyer issues a transaction using Internet
protocols (web pages, email, ftp ,…)» The server check for the PIN number» An email message is sent to the buyer to
confirm transaction» Transaction is initiated by the payment
system
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ImpactsImpacts
Velocity of money flow» credit cards (ETF)» Digi-cash
Evolutionary steps» gold coins to fiat currency» bills in wallet to electrons on hard disk
Interest rate margins» 40% of interest charged on loans is for branch
delivery and management costs (Citicorp).