coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits
signals between different parts of the body The decision and
communication center The Nervous System
Slide 2
Slide 3
Central Nervous System (CNS) Makes decisions Brain and Spinal
Cord Happens in the center (middle) of your body Fun Facts: -
Average adult brain weighs about 3 lbs -Contains about 100 billion
neurons - The spinal cord is about 43 cm long in adult women and 45
cm long in adult males
Slide 4
The Brain Top part of the brain (forebrain) Cerebral Cortex:
outer layer of nerve tissue of the two cerebral hemispheres (left
and right), regulates most complex behaviors, cerebral cortex plays
a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought,
language, and consciousness Thalamus: relays and translates
incoming messages from the sense receptors except for smell
Hypothalamus: Governs motivation and emotional responses, controls
secretion of pituitary hormones, maintains homeostasis (eating,
drinking, sexual behavior, sleeping, and body temp). Central role
during stress
Slide 5
Slide 6
The Brain Hindbrain Cerebellum: controls certain reflexes and
coordinates body movement (reflexes, balance, and coordination)
Damage = jerky movements, loss of balance, lack of coordination
Pons: connects cerebral cortex to the cerebellum, chemicals
produced here help maintain sleep/wake cycle Medulla: controls
vital functions like breathing, heart rate and blood pressure
Slide 7
Slide 8
The Lobes Frontal Lobe Behind your forehead Involved in:
Speaking Muscle Movements Making plans and judgments Emotions
Problem Solving
Slide 9
The Lobes Parietal At the top and back of your head Receives
sensory input for: Touch Pain Body position Movement
Orientation
Slide 10
The Lobes Temporal Lies roughly above the ears Includes the
Auditory areas Each receiving information primarily from the
opposite ear Regulates hearing, balance and equilibrium and certain
emotions (anxiety, pleasure and anger) and motivations Ability to
understand and comprehend langauage
Slide 11
The Lobes Occipital lobe At the back of the head Receives and
interprets information from the visual fields https://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=QPLZ _WUsK88
Slide 12
Slide 13
Peripheral Nervous System Gathers info and sends it to the rest
of the body Made up of nerves Motor Neurons (efferent): transmit
information from the brain to the muscles of the body Sensory
Neurons (afferent): carry information from the sensory receptor
cells throughout the body to the brain
Slide 14
Autonomic Nervous System Carries messages between CNS and
internal organs, fight or flight Has two major subsystems
Parasympathetic Nervous System: rest and digest; brings peace to
the body, calms and relaxes the body after an emergency EX: eye
pupil will constrict, slows heartbeat Sympathetic Nervous System:
fight or flight; reacts to stress, prepares the body for quick
action in an emergency EX: eye pupil will dilate, increased heart
rate
Slide 15
Slide 16
Somatic Nervous System Send sensory information to the central
nervous system AND motor nerve fibers that project to skeletal
muscle. Afferent nerves are responsible for relaying sensation to
the central nervous system while efferent nerves are responsible
for stimulating muscle contraction
Slide 17
Slide 18
Wernickes Area Located in the Left Temporal lobe behind the
auditory cortex. Functions: Language Comprehension Semantic
Processing Language Recognition Language Interpretation
Slide 19
Wernickes Apasia Aphasia A deficit in understanding and/or
producing language Damage = problems with output of speech, word
salad https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKTdMV6cOZw
Slide 20
Brocas Area Located in the lower portion of the left frontal
lobe Functions: Speech Production Facial Neuron Control Language
Processing
Slide 21
Brocas Apasia Aphasia A deficit in understanding and/or
producing language Damage = not being able to comprehend and
produce proper sentences and language
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2IiMEbMnPM
Slide 22
The Nervous Security System How does the Nervous system relate
to a modern day security system? What does each part exactly relate
to? Give an overall sense of the organization and function of
nervous system. Tell how it acts as security system complete with
sensors that tell the body there is something wrong. Your brochure
must include the following vocabulary: cell body, dendrites,
neuron, axon, impulse, central nervous system, cerebellum, and
peripheral nervous system.