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COMMUNITY HEALTH AND THEEXPANDED PROGRAM ONIMMUNIZATION
By: Hoang Tran
PCM II
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Expanded Program on Immunization
(EPI)
The program was launched in July 1976 by
the Department of Health in cooperation withthe WHO and UNICEF
The original objective was to reduce the
morbidity and mortality among infants and
children due to the six immunizable diseases
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Six Immunizable Diseases
1. Primary Complex
2. Diptheria3. Pertussis
4. Polio
5. Measles6. Tetanus
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Program Principles
The program is based on the epidemiologic studies the immunization schedules are based on the occurrence and
characteristics of the epidemiological features of the diseases
The whole community is the target of EPI Mass approach, not individuals based
Immunization is a basic health service and as such it
is considered the first line health unit
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Elements of EPI
Use of healthcare process to evaluate the
program performanceUse surveillance and epidemiological
approaches
Education and Information based
Cold chain management
Target setting
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Legal Codes Related to EPI
PPC No.996 (September 16, 1976) – Compulsory immunization for children below the age of
eight
PPC No. 6 (April 3, 1986) – UN’s goal to dessimentate Universal Child Immunization by
1990
PPC No. 46 (September 16, 1992) – Reaffirming the commitment of the Philippines to the
universal Child and Mother Immunization goal of the World
Health Assembly
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Legal Codes Related to EPI
PPC No. 147 (March 3, 1993) – Declared in April 21 and May 19, 1993 and every third
Wednesday of January and February thereafter, for 2 years,as National Immunization Days
RA 7846 (December 30, 1994) – Compulsory hepatitis B for children below eight years old
PP No. 773 (March 28, 1996) – Declaring April 17 and May 15, 1996 and every 3rd
Wednesday of April and May from 1996 to 2000 as “Knock
Out Polio Days”
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Legal Codes Related to EPI
PP No. 1066 (August 26, 1997) –
National Tetanus Elimination starting 1997 PP No. 1064 (August 27, 1997)
– All sectors are invited to join the eradication of
polio in the Philippines
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Immunization Schedule for Infants
Vaccine Min Age at1st dose
Doses Mininterval
Reasons
BCG Birth or anytime after
birth
1 Protectinfection from
family
DPT 6 weeks 3 4weeks
Reduces thechance of
severepertussis
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Immunization Schedule for Infants
accine Min Age at 1
st
dose Doses Mininterval Reasons
OPV 6 weeks 3 4 wks. Protection againstpolio
Hepa. B 6 weeks 3 4 wks. Reduces chancesof being infected
Measles 9 months 1 80% of measles
can be preventedat this age.
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Fully Immunized Children
Child is considered fully immunized if he or
she completed 1 dose of BCG,3 dose of hepa B, 3 dose of DPT,3 dose of OPV and 1
dose of measles before reaching the 1st
birthday
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THANK YOU