Cognitive ArchitecturesFor Physical Agents
Sara BolducSmith College CSC 290
Overview
• Background & Motivation• Example Cognitive Architectures• Capabilities• Properties• Evaluation Criteria• Open Issues
Background & Motivation
• What is a cognitive architecture?• Why create a cognitive architecture?• Emerging architectural classes
– Psychological phenomena– Representation, organization, utilization, and
acquisition of knowledge
• Entering the commercial sector• The need for integrated systems
Example Cognitive Architectures
• Soar (Laird, Newell, & Rosenbloom, 1987; Newell, 1990)
• ACT-R (Anderson & Lebiere, 1998; Anderson et al., 2005)
• PRODIGY (Carbonell, Knoblock, & Minton, 1990)
• ICARUS (Langley, Cummings, & Shapiro, 2004)
• The 3T Architecture (Bonasso et al., 1997)
Capabilities
• What is a well-defined architecture?– Recognition & Categorization– Decision Making & Choice– Perception & Situation Assessment– Prediction & Monitoring– Problem Solving & Planning– Reasoning & Belief Maintenance– Execution & Action– Interaction & Communication– Remembering, Reflection, & Learning
Properties
• Knowledge:– Representation– Organization– Utilization– Acquisition & Refinement
Evaluation Criteria
• How does one evaluate cognitive architectures?– Generality, Versatility, & Taskability– Rationality & Optimality– Efficiency & Scalability– Reactivity & Persistence– Improvability– Autonomy & Extended Operation
Open Issues
• Episodic Memory & Reflective processes• Natural Language• Emotions• Enhanced learning• And many more…
ReferencesLangley, P., Laird, J.E., & Rogers, S. (2006). Cognitive Architectures:
Research Issues and Challenges (Technical Report). Computational Learning Laboratory, CSLI, Stanford University, CA.
http://www.isle.org/~langley/archs.html