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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Infrastructures for Enterprises and Governments
Niki Kyriakou • PhD Candidate
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Outline
• Introduction to Cloud Computing
‣ Characteristics
‣ Services
‣ Deployment Models
• Cloud Computing for Enterprises
• Cloud Computing in Governance
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Outline
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Short CV• PhD Candidate
- University of the Aegean - Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering
• Research Assistant
- University of the Aegean - Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering
- Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
• Lab Assistant
- University of the Aegean - Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering
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Introduction
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
A Golden Era in Computing4
Powerful multi-core processors
General purpose graphic
processors
Superior software methodologies
Virtualization leveraging the
powerful hardware
Wider bandwidth for communication
Proliferation of devices
Explosion of domain
applications
Golden Era
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Evolution of Internet Computing
• 1961: John McCarthy was the first one that suggest publicly (in his speech at MIT) that sharing technology can lead to a future in which compuCng power and specific applicaCons could be sold through a business (such as water and electricity)
• 1963: Created the idea of a computer network that allows communicaCon between computer users and IntergalacCc Computer Network
• 2002: Created a group of computers (PlanetLab) which is available as a test plaLorm for computer networking and distributed systems
• Cloud CompuCng: ‣ From personal computers
‣ Started to create computer networks
‣ CreaCng the first web services
‣ Today we have reached the creaCon of cloud compuCng
Publ
ish
Info
rm
Inte
ract
Inte
grat
e
Tran
sact
Disc
over
(in
tellig
ence
)
Auto
mat
e (d
iscov
ery)
time
scale
Socia
l med
ia an
d ne
twor
kingSemantic
discovery
Data-intensiveHPC, cloudweb deep web
Data
mar
ketp
lace
and
analy
tics
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Enter Cloud Computing• Cloud Computing is Internet-based computing for:
- shared resources,
- Software
- Information
• Provides computers and other devices on demand
• Cloud Computing is the culmination of numerous attempts for large scale computing with seamless access to virtually limitless resources
- on-demand computing, utility computing, ubiquitous computing, autonomic computing, platform computing, edge computing, elastic computing, grid computing, …
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Enter Cloud Computing
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
What is Cloud Computing?“A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to as hared pool of computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction*.”
“[…]computing services (both hardware and software) required by a firm are delivered by an external provider on an on-demand basis over the Internet, independent of device and location; users pay for the service as an operating expense, based on the real use of it, without having to make significant initial capital expenditures (e.g. fr servers and software), and also without having to incur operation, support and maintenance costs**.”
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*NIST:'National'Institute'of'Standards'and'Technology'
**Marston,'S.,'Li,'Z.,'Bandyopadhyay,'S.,'Zhang,'J.'&'Ghalsasi,'A.'(2011).'Cloud'Computing'–'The'Business'Perspective.'Definition(Support(Systems,(51(1),'176O189.'
Cloud Computing Definition
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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Characteristics of the Clouds• On-Demand Self-Service
• Broad Network Access
• Resource Pooling
• Rapid Elasticity
• Measured Services
• Per-usage based pricing model
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Characteristics
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Known Applications
Youtube Dropbox Facebook Google Drive
Watching a video on YouTube we are connected to a large network of computers that serve and provide all of this information
File hosting service. Large storage space, which does not belong to the user. Further access to data, regardless of geographical area.
User’s Facebook accounts are online and users can access them from anywhere.
Google’s service storage and synchronization service. Ability to create and save files in the “cloud” with access from everywhere.
Apps you use everyday…
They are a form of Cloud Compu4ng!
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Providers & Users
YouTube Facebook Wikipedia Twitter Paypal
Google Amazon SalesForce Apple Microsoft
Known Cloud Compu4ng Providers…
Large enterprises that are using Cloud Compu4ng…
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Computing Service Categories
IaaSNetwork Architects
PaaSApplication Developers
SaaSEnd Users
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User Cloud a.k.a. Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a service provider and are available to customers via the internet.
e.g.: Gmail, Hotmail, Picasa, etc.
Development Cloud a.k.a. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platforms for which development tools are hosted in the “cloud” and accessed through a browser.
e.g.: Microsoft Azure, Google’s App Engine, etc.
Systems Cloud a.k.a. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Providers host virtual client machines or provide networks.
e.g.: Amazon EC2, etc.
Valu
e V
isib
ility
to
End
Use
rs
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
….
SaaS PaaS IaaS
CRM
Collaborative
ERP
Consume It
App Development
Decision Support
Web
Streaming
Build on It
Networking
Cashing
Security
System management
Migrate to It
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Audit per Level
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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Deployment Models
Private Cloud Public Cloud
Hybrid Cloud
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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
…Enterprises15
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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Benefits by Enterprise Size
SMEs Large EnterprisesStrategic Flexibility Easy and fast access to the market
CreaCon and development of new products/services without large increase in costs
Cost ReduceImportant payment by use in cases where there are no
available funds
Availability and immediate installaCon with low costs allow the creaCon of new products, without addiConal
hardware and staff
SoDware Availability
SaaS and PaaS provide the necessary soTware and equipment at low cost
The automaCon upgrades and hardware replacement, reduces the cost and staff training
ScalabilityApplicaCons that have been designed with scalability
can be extended without resource constraints
Companies with a lot of equipment, soTware and staff benefit from processes that consume large compuCng
power
Skills & StaffingWhile proper design of cloud applicaCons require a
high level of soTware development skills, maintenance and support is much simplified
The bulk of ICT cost is due to supporCng legacy soTware and hardware. The cloud waves such needs.
Energy EfficiencyReduce operaCng costs and increase environmental
benefitsEven huge sized data centres can not compete on the
energy efficiency of cloud providers
Back up Redundancy
The majority of SMEs are not properly prepared for disasters and recovery, which the cloud provides
The probability of data loss due to hardware failure is much smaller due to data fragmentaCon and storage in
many places in the cloud
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Disadvantages
• Privacy
• Security
• Portability between providers
• Internet ConnecCon
• Limited number of applicaCons
• Data LocaCon
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Challenges
The obstacles according to a survey
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University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Computing Adoption (1/2)
Sommers’ d Kendall’s tau-b Research Hypothesis
IT Inv_ Red_Strat .180 .186 H1
Prod_Innov .087 .097 H2a
Proc_Innov .134 .152 H2b
Mult_Prod_Loc .015 .015 H3a
Intern_Scope_Sales -.039 -.040 .H3b
Intern_Scope_Proc .053 -.056 H3c
Telework .074 .082 H4
Soph_IT_infra .115 .129 H5
Elect_Inter_Supp .156 .165 H6
Elect_Inter_Cust .135 .135 H6
Data_Ware .448 .460 H7
Mob_Serv .309 .348 H8
Employ_IT_Person .210 .217 H9
IT_Outs .087 .088 H10
Small Firms
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Computing Adoption (2/2)
Medium & Large Firms
Sommers’ d Kendall’s tau-b Research Hypothesis
IT Inv_ Red_Strat .120 .123 H1
Prod_Innov .092 .096 H2a
Proc_Innov .013 .013 H2b
Mult_Prod_Loc -.012 -.013 H3a
Intern_Scope_Sales -.002 -.002 .H3b
Intern_Scope_Proc -.108 -.108 H3c
Telework .001 .001 H4
Soph_IT_infra .123 .136 H5
Elect_Inter_Supp .090 .093 H6
Elect_Inter_Cust .113 .115 H6
Data_Ware .155 .163 H7
Mob_Serv .049 .053 H8
Employ_IT_Person .085 .088 H9
IT_Outs .128 .129 H10
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
…Governments21
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Community Cloud
Private Cloud Public Cloud
Community Cloud
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Governmental Cloud
• The Cloud services are private (single tenancy), community (agreed set of tenants) or public (mulC tenancy) to host processes and/or store data, to run eGovernment services that can be controlled/monitored locally or in a centralized way by the public body reducing the required capital investment in ICT
• It provides a set of “building blocks” reusable services to create eGovernment services for public administraCon, ciCzens and private companies
• Fast development
• It can be owned and managed by central governments and/or external providers/ bodies. The central government or local bodies have the end responsibility (private or community deployment model)
• There is a business model that allows operaCng the infrastructure, the plaLorm and the services and in a way guarantees efficiently and low cost scalability
• The infrastructure, the plaLorm and the services are compliant with state Governments and EU legislaCons on privacy, security and resiliency (locaCon of the Gov- Cloud: on premises or off premises Cloud)
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Computing - Governance
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Cloud Computing - Governance
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
G-Cloud
Greek g-Cloud• E-Government services only
• RaConally administer and take advantage of available InformaCon Systems in the public sector
• Achieve scalable economy for
• The cost of InformaCon and CommunicaCon Systems (Hardware)
• OperaConal expenses
• The project includes supply, installaCon and operaCon of infrastructure to host computer related services
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Publications‣ E. Loukis, S. ArvaniCs, N. Kyriakou, A. Famelou, M. Chatzianastasiadis, F. Michailidou, The Effects of Enterprise Systems on the AbsorpCve
Capacity of Greek Firms, 10th Mediterranean Conference on InformaCon Systems (MCIS 2016), September 2016, Paphos, Cyprus
‣N. Kyriakou, E. Loukis, S. ArvaniCs, Enterprise Systems and InnovaCon - An Empirical InvesCgaCon, Hawaii InternaConal Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) 2016, January 5-8 2016, Maui, Hawaii, (to appear), January 2016, Maui, Hawaii
‣ E. Loukis, N. Kyriakou, Cloud CompuCng AdopCon MoCvaCon in the European North and South, 9th Mediterranean Conference on InformaCon Systems (MCIS 2015), October 2015, Samos
‣N. Kyriakou, E. Loukis, Firm CharacterisCcs and Propensity for Cloud CompuCng AdopCon, Twenty-first Americas Conference on InformaCon Systems, Puerto Rico, 2015, August 2015, Puerto Rico
‣ E. Loukis, N. Kyriakou, K. Pazalos, OperaConal and InnovaCon CollaboraCon and Cloud CompuCng, European, Mediterranean & Middle Eastern Conference on InformaCon Systems 2015 (EMCIS2015), June 2015, Athens, Greece
‣ E. Loukis, N. Kyriakou, OrganizaConal Factors AffecCng Propensity to Adopt Cloud CompuCng, Hawai, January 2015, Grand Hyai Kauai
‣N. Kyriakou, E. Loukis, The Effect of ICT Infrastructure SophisCcaCon and InterconnecCon on the Propensity for Cloud CompuCng AdopCon, European, Mediterranean & Middle Eastern Conference on InformaCon Systems 2014 (EMCIS2014), October 2014, Doha, Qatar
Conferences
https://gr.linkedin.com/in/nkyriakou
[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Publications
‣N. Kyriakou, M. Maragkoudakis, E. Loukis, M. Themistocleous, PredicCon for Enterprise Cloud CompuCng AdopCon, Hawaii InternaConal Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) 2017, January 4-7 2017, Maui, Hawaii, (to appear), January 2017, Hilton Waikoloa Village, Hawaii
Conferences
Journals
‣ S. ArvaniCs, N. Kyriakou, E.N. Loukis, Why Do Firms Adopt Cloud CompuCng? A ComparaCve Analysis Based on South and North Europe Firm Data. TelemaCcs and InformaCcs, 2016.
Pending Publica4ons
Journals
‣ E. Loukis, N. Kyriakou, K. Pazalos, S. Popa, Inter-organizaConal InnovaCon and Cloud CompuCng, Electronic Commerce Research.
‣N. Kyriakou, E. Loukis, Task, Technology, Personnel and Propensity for Cloud CompuCng AdopCon in European Glass, Ceramics and Cement Sectors, Industrial Management & Data Systems
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[email protected]@n_kyr
University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Information Systems Laboratory (ISLab)
Thank You!Niki Kyriakou
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