IBM Research | Cloud Center of Excellence
Session ICloud Computing: Introduction & Overview
Aditya ThatteIBM Research
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IBM Research | Cloud Center of Excellence 2
Objectives
• Evolution of Computing (How we got here?)• What is Cloud Computing?• Why Cloud Computing?• Virtualization• Cloud Computing Postulates & Building Blocks• Cloud Delivery Models• Public Cloud Demo
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Evolution of Computing
Time
Mainframes
ENTERPRISE 1.0 ENTERPRISE 2.0
Centralized model
Shared model
ENTERPRISE 3.0
Self service, mobile, event driven model
“Necessity breeds Innovation”
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The need of the hour
• Drop in hardware costs• Data Explosion• Business Agility• Mobility
Time Time
Cost Agility
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Business Drivers for Cloud Computing• “For every $ spent on hardware, 8 $ are spent on maintenance and 0.5 $
spent on its cooling” – [IDC, 2007]• Purchasing hardware and maintenance. A typical server runs at 425W. • Traditional methods created Server sprawl resulting in inefficient
management and associated costs (power, labor)• Business agility is growing and time to live of data is becoming smaller• Ability to scale with ease
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History of Virtualization
• Pioneered by IBM to ‘partition’ mainframes for better h/w utilization in 60s
• Enabled multitasking in the real sense • Virtualization resurfaced in ‘90s after VMware enabled x86 servers for
virtualization• An Industry research statistic quotes that servers run at only ~10-15% utilization
Low % Util Low costs Server Sprawl CAPex, OPex
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Virtualization• Interoperability
• Abstraction / decoupling of physical hardware resources (Virtual Machine Kernel)
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• Mapping ‘virtual’ resources to ‘physical’ resources (Hypervisor)
• Dynamic Data Center
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Server Consolidation
Server Sprawl (heterogeneous)
[Costs]
Efficient IT Datacenter ManagementAvailability and Scalability of resourcesIT Resource Optimization (CAPEX, OPEX)
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Virtualization - Terms
Hosted Virtualization
Hypervised Virtualization
Full Virtualization
Para Virtualization Hypervisor
Network Virtualization
Storage Virtualization
Server Virtualization P2V / V2V
Desktop Virtualization
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Virtualization - PoVs1. Create request
2. Submit request
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Virtualization – End User PoV
Development Scalability
Perf Testing
Rapid Deployment
Control $
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Virtualization – Admin Perspective
Capacity
PerformanceSecurity
Optimization Support
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Defining Cloud Computing• “A style of computing in which scalable and elastic IT-enabled capabilities
are delivered as a service using Internet technologies” – Gartner• “Cloud computing is the use of computing resources (hardware and
software) that are delivered as a service over a network” – Wikipedia• “A pay per use model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction” – NIST
• “Clouds are hardware based services offering compute, network and storage capacity where: Hardware management is highly abstracted from the buyer, buyers incur infrastructure costs as variable OPEX and infrastructure capacity is highly elastic - McKinsey
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Cloud Computing Postulates
• Pay-per-use / Pay-as-you-go (utility based, no contracts)• Self service model• Elasticity (scale up, scale out)• Multi-tenancy• Resource / infrastructure abstraction (on-premise / remote)• Rapid deployment, easy management• Automation & re-usability• No CAPEX, variable OPEX
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Cloud Management Layer
WEB 2.0 USER INTERFACEREST API
Service Request Manager
Service AutomationTemplates
Provisioning Engine
ProvisioningWorkflowsServerNetworkStorageApplication
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Cloud Computing Building Blocks
Virtualization Network Storage Web Services
Hypervisor Virtual Switch
DAS RESTSOAP-XMLVirtual Machines
MemoryCPU
Virtual NICs
VLAN VPN
NAS
ISCSi
SAN
FiberNFS
Virtualization + Service Automation + Standardization + Self Service
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Commonly Used Cloud Computing Terms
• VM Provisioning • Elasticity• Pay-as-you-go (PAYG)• Hypervisor• Hypercall• Nested Virtualization• Image Management• Public Cloud• Private Cloud• Hybrid Cloud• Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)• Cloud Broker• EC2• SalesForce
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Cloud Delivery Models
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
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Delivery models
IaaS PaaS SaaS
Infrastructure-as-a-Service Platform-as-a-Service Software-as-a-Service
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Public-Private-Hybrid
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Players
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Public Private Hybrid
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The Cloud Ecosystem
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IBM Cloud Delivery Models
24 IBM Confidential
EnterpriseEnterpriseData Center
Private Cloud
EnterpriseData Center
IBM Operated
Managed Private Cloud
Hosting Center
Hosted Private Cloud
Enterprise A
Shared Private Cloud
Cloud
Enterprise owned and operated
Enterprise owned IBM operated
Customer/IBM owned and IBM operated (single
tenant)
IBM owned and operated
(multi-tenant)
Enterprise BEnterprise
C
1 2 3 4
Public Cloud
Cloud
IBM owned and operated
(multi-tenant)5
User A
User B
User C
User D
User …
Private Cloud Shared Private Cloud Public Cloud
Cloud Services delivered publicly toend users / secure, enterprise-class
Cloud Servicesdelivered privately toEnterprises / virtualseparation of tenants
Customer owns and pays for infrastructureand has unlimited exclusive access
IBM owns infrastructure and customer has shared access and pays by usage
Private Managed Private Hosted
IBM Smart Business Services - Standardized Services on the IBM CloudIBM Smart Business Services – Private Cloud
Services, behind your firewall
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Smart Cloud Enterprise
• IBM’s Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)• Enterprise grade public cloud• 6 Data centers worldwide• Pre-configured Software Images (Bundles)• PAYG / BYOL • KVM based Virtual Machines• NAS based persistent storage• SCE provides managed services at the hardware and below the hypervisor• API support
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Private Cloud Solutions – IBM’s Mandate
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WEB 2.0 USER INTERFACEREST API
Service Request Manager
Service AutomationTemplates
Provisioning Engine
ProvisioningWorkflowsServerNetworkStorageApplication
KVM
HyperV
Xen
ESX
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Thank You