Class 9th all subjects 9/6/20English:- active & passive voice rules.Rule7: Direct and Indirect ObjectIf a sentence contains two objects namely Indirect Object and Direct Object in the Active Voice, two forms of Passive Voice can be formed.Active: She brought me a cup of coffee.Passive: (I) I was brought a cup of coffee by her.Passive: (II) A cup of coffee was brought to me by her.Object Complement: When made passive, these objects complements become subject complements; they come after the verb.Active: They elected him their leader.Passive: He was elected their leader.

Rule 8: Cases where ‘by’ is not usedWith: use with in place of ‘by’ to talk about an instrument used by the agent/subject.Active: Somebody hit the dog with a stick.Passive: (I) The dog was hit by with a stick.Passive: (II) The dog was hit by a boy.Impersonal Passive: In scientific / technical / business writing, the emphasis is usually on the action or process. So the ‘by’ phrase is generally omitted.Active: One finds mosquitoes everywhere.Passive: Mosquitoes are found everywhere.

1.) Use preposition ‘At’ instead of ‘by’For the sentences with ‘surprised, annoyed, shocked, alarmed, disappointed, displeased, distressed, astonished, laughed’ as main verb.

Ex. Active: His behavior annoyed me.Passive: I was annoyed at his behaviour.2.) Use preposition ‘to’ instead of ‘by’For the sentences with ‘married , known, obliged’ as the main verbs.Ex. Active: Karan married Bipasha.Passive: Bipasha was married to Karan.3.) Use preposition ‘with’ instead of ‘by’For the sentences with ‘pleased, disgusted, impressed, charmed, etc.’ as the main verbs.Ex. Active: Her performance impressed us.Passive: We were impressed with her performance.4.) Use preposition ‘in’ instead of ‘by’For the sentences with ‘interested, consisted, absorbed, contained, etc.’ as the main verbs.Ex. Active: This topic might interest studentsPassive: Students might be interested in this topic.5.) Use of ‘when’For the sentences with ‘smell, taste, feel, etc.’ as the main verbs.Ex. Active: Honey tastes sweet.Passive: Honey is sweet when tasted.