Checkmates and Draws
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Checkmate Patterns
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Q+R vs K
Sunday, August 4, 2013
R+R vs K
Sunday, August 4, 2013
R+R vs K
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Q+K vs KThis is the winning position.
The other king is trapped on the edge of the board and can’t retreat.
The queen is on the row (or file) opposite the edge and attacking the king.
The king is guarding the queen.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
R+K vs KThis is the winning position.
The other king is trapped on the edge of the board and can’t retreat.
The king is directly opposite the king (guarding the door) and the rook is attacking the king on the same line as the other king.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Back Row MateThis is the winning position.
Black’s king is on the 8th rank (his back row) and blocked by pawns. A queen or rook can come down and checkmate him.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Support MateThis is the winning position.
Black’s king is trapped against the back row and under attack from the queen.No one can take the queen. The king can’t take her because the bishop guards her.
Black is not threatening the same checkmate because White’s knight protects h2.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Checkmate Review
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rookA queen and rook win by pushing Black’s king to the edge of the board and then attacking it.
The king will run out of squares to retreat to.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
White starts by making a fence.
White’s king can never move to c5, d5, e5, f5, g5, or h5. He’s already limited to just three rows.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 The king could only go to e7, or e6.
Wherever the king moves, White’s next move is the same.
Why couldn’t the king go to d7?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 The king could only go to e7, or e6.
Wherever the king moves, White’s next move is the same.
Why couldn’t the king go to d7?
The queen guards that square.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
We just built a new fence. Now the king can only move on the 7th and 8th rows.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7
Black knows that it’s dangerous to move the king to the side of the board here.
Can the king capture the rook?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7
Black knows that it’s dangerous to move the king to the side of the board here.
Can the king capture the rook?
No, because the queen guards it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7 3. Qb7+
The queen attacks the king. Can the king move to d6 or e6?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7 3. Qb7+
The queen attacks the king. Can the king move to d6 or e6?
No, because the rook is the fence.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7 3. Qb7+
Kd8
The king had to retreat to the 8th row.
What is the winning move for White?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5
Ke7 2. Rc6
Kd7 3. Qb7+
Kd8 4. Rc8#
The rook is attacking the king.
The king can’t capture the rook because the queen guards it.
The king can’t stay on the 8th row because of the rook.
The king can’t move to the 7th row because the queen is the fence.Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooksTwo rooks win with a similar technique.
The difference is that they can’t guard each other.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
White builds a fence on the 5th rank.
Could White have started by playing Rc5?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
White builds a fence on the 5th rank.
Could White have started by playing Rc5?
No, because the king would capture it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7
Black can’t move to the 5th rank or go to c6 because the rook on c2 attacks that square, so he makes a trap.
What happens if White plays Rc6 to make a new fence?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7
Black can’t move to the 5th rank or go to c6 because the rook on c2 attacks that square, so he makes a trap.
What happens if White plays Rc6 to make a new fence?
The king would capture it, because the other rook isn’t guarding it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
So White moves the first rook again to make a new fence.
Now the black king can only move on the 7th and 8th rows.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7
Black doesn’t want his king on that last rank.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Now there’s a rook attacking the 7th rank, and there’s another rook that’s a fence on the 6th rank.
The only place for the king to move is to the 8th rank.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8
White has a fence on the 7th rank now. All he has to do is attack the 8th rank, and he wins.
What is White’s next move?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Black’s king is attacking the rook on c7.
If White plays Rb8+, then Black will take the rook on c7.
Instead, White moves his fence too far away for Black to ever attack again.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Kc8
Is White ready to play Rb8 and win the game?
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Kc8 5. Rb8+
Not yet.If White plays Rb8+, then Black takes the rook — nothing is guarding it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Kc8 5. Rg6
First, White does the trick again where he runs to the other side of the board.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Kc8 5. Rg6
Kd8
Black still can’t get past the fence on h7.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5
Kd7 2. Rb6
Ke7 3. Rc7+
Kd8 4. Rh7
Kc8 5. Rg6
Kd8 6. Rg8#
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and KingStep 1. Decide which edge to push the king.
In this example, we’re going to push him to the 8th row.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Step 2. The queen becomes the fence.She doesn’t have to move near the king, but she creates a barrier that the king can’t pass.
We don’t have to check him if it’s not going to be a stalemate.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6
Any time the king retreats …
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
… it’s time for Step 3, move the fence.
In our example, the king can only move on 3 rows and can’t cross the 5th row.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Black quickly learns not to retreat the king unless he has to.
We’ll use our king to make the king retreat.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6
Black tries to keep the king away from any edge.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Step 4. White moves his king closer so he can help.
White does not move his king opposite Black’s king; White’s waiting for the black king to move across from him.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6
Black makes a mistake: he moves his king across from White’s king.
When this happens, it’s like White’s king is blocking the door.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Step 5. White can move the fence back when his king is guarding the door.
Black can’t stay on the 6th row, and he can’t move to any squares on the 5th row because White’s king guards them all.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4
Kd6 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7
The king had to retreat, and our queen is already on the 6th row. That’s the new fence.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
White moves his king closer again and chases Black’s king. Remember that he doesn’t want to move his king across from the Black king. He wants Black’s king to come to him.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 2. Qa5
Ke6 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7
Black’s played the game of moving across from White’s king and knows better. Instead, he’s going to run away — but he’s going to run out of squares very soon.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
White’s king chases the black king.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 3. Ke3
Kd6 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7
Black’s king can’t go to b7 because of the queen, and he doesn’t want to retreat.
He’s hoping that White will forget what to do when his king guards the door.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7 8. Qa7+
White moves the fence, and his king is guarding the door
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 4. Ke4
Ke6 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7 8. Qa7+
Ke8
Black’s king retreats again and tries to stay away from the queen.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7 8. Qa7+
Ke8 9. Ke6
Step 6. When Black’s king is on the edge, that’s the only time White moves across from it.
Whichever way Black goes, he’s about to lose.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7 8. Qa7+
Ke8 9. Ke6
Kf8
There’s no escape.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a Queen and King 5. Qa6+
Kd7 6. Ke5
Kc7 7. Kd5
Kd7 8. Qa7+
Ke8 9. Ke6
Kf810. Qf7#
Step 7. Move the queen next to Black’s king, on the other side of the edge, guarded by the king.
Checkmate.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and kingThe idea is very similar with a rook and king.
The difference is that the king can attack the rook, so you may have to move it to the other side of the board.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
This time the rook is the fence.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6
You have to be careful with the rook. The king can come attack it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
When that happens, just move to the other side of the board.
But the fence stays on the same row; don’t let his king out.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Just like last time, we want him to move the king across from our king.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6
When he does, it means our king is guarding the door …
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
… and we’re ready to move the fence. Now Black’s going to have to retreat.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7
He’ll try to confuse us by going to attack the rook.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
And remember that we don’t move across from him. We want him to move across from us.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5
Rc6 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7
Be ready to move the rook away when he attacks it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 2. Rh5
Kd6 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7
And he wants to stay away from our king.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
And we’re chasing him.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 3. Ke4
Ke6 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7
He’s hit the side of the board and he doesn’t want to retreat, so he has to come back towards our king.
Here’s where lots of people get confused. Since we never want to move our king across from his, what can we move?Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
We moved the rook just to waste a move. Now it’s his turn.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 4. Rh6+
Kf7 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7
And he doesn’t want to move across from our king, so he turns around again.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
And our king chases his.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 5. Ke5
Kg7 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg7
Finally, he has to move across from our king. Our king guards the gate, so we’re ready to move the gate.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
He’s being pushed to the 8th row and close to checkmate.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 6. Ra6
Kh7 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg8
Black tries to make a tricky move.
Are you going to play:
a) Kf6
b) Kg6
c) Kh6
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg811. Kf6
Kg6 is wrong; we never want to move across from his king.
Kh6 is okay, but it’ll take longer. We’ll chase his king until it reaches the rook, and we’ll have to move the rook.
Kf6 is the fastest way to win. Now we’re chasing him — that’s what we want.Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 7. Kf5
Kg7 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg811. Kf6
Kh8
He tries not to go opposite our king.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg811. Kf6
Kh812. Kg6
We chase him.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 8. Rb6
Kh7 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg811. Kf6
Kh812. Kg6
Kg8
And now it’s over. He faces our king, and we’re guarding the gate.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Winning with a rook and king 9. Kg5
Kg710. Rb7+
Kg811. Kf6
Kh812. Kg6
Kg813. Rb8#
It’s not hard to checkmate with a king and a rook, but you have to be patient and don’t jump ahead. Be careful not to let the king out by moving the fence too soon.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Draws
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Insufficient MaterialThis game is a draw.
Neither side has enough pieces to checkmate the other side.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
3-Time RepetitionThis game will be a draw.
Black is winning by a lot. Black threatens to play a1/R#.
But it’s White’s turn, and White can check Black.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
3-Time Repetition1. Qh6+
This isn’t checkmate because Black has one way to stop it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
3-Time Repetition1. Qh6+
Bh7
Black will still win if he gets a chance to move his pawn, but White can check Black again.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
3-Time Repetition1. Qh6+
Bh72. Qf8+
Black’s in check. Once again, he only has one way to stop it.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
3-Time Repetition1. Qh6+
Bh72. Qf8+
Bg8
And we’re back where we started.White could go back and forth all day, checking Black.
As soon as we get to the exact same position 3 times, either side can call the game a draw.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
50-Move RuleWhite can win if he can get his pawn to the other side and make it a queen.
Black can win if he can get his pawn to the other side and make it a queen.
But if it goes 50 moves without a pawn moving or anything captured, then either side can call it a draw.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
StalemateThis game is a draw.
White is way ahead and has several checkmates threats.
But it’s Black’s turn. Black has no legal move. So it’s a draw.
Sunday, August 4, 2013
AgreementMaybe both sides think they can’t win. Maybe they’re running out of time.
They can decide amongst themselves that this is a draw, no one wins, and the game is over.
To do this, make your move, and ask your opponent if he wants a draw. He can either accept your offer or make a move to reject it.Sunday, August 4, 2013
Play a chess gameWhite moves first.You win if you checkmate your opponent.
Shake hands and tell your opponent “good game.”
After your game, write the first and last name of each player on a Results sheet. Circle the name of the winner. Circle both names if it’s a draw.
Trade sides and play again.
Sunday, August 4, 2013