Cenozoic LifeAge of Flowers &
Mammals
Oceans
Similar to Mesozoic……with new predators
Sharks Diversify:Megalodon
Sharks Diversify:Megalodon
Birds: Diatry
maphororhachids
Diatrymidae
Titanis & Hipparian
Birds Move to the Water
Angiosperm Diversifica
tion
The Oligocene Rise of Grass
Grasses/Herbsled to coevolution of:
1. Grazers - modifications to:1. Teeth2. Four-chambered stomach3. Shape of the Head4. Legs - faster runners (hooved animals)
2. Predators - adapted to hunting in the open (speed)3. Rodents and Songbirds - grain eaters4. Snakes - predators adapted to hunting in burrows
Grass, Rodents & Birds
Mammal Evolution
Monotremes
Multituberculates
MarsupialsEutheria
(Placentals)
Placenta
Live Birth
Early Mammals
Late Jurassic
Cretaceous
Cretaceous
MonotremesEgg-Laying Mammals
EchidnaPlatypus
Multituberculates:Extinct Line of
MammalsTaeniolabis
Placenta:Modified Amniotic
Membrane
Marsupials
Pouched Mammals
Cretaceous Marsupials: Alphadon
Pliocene Marsupials: Procoptodon
Convergent
Evolution
Ungulates (Hooved Animals)
Perissodactyls(Odd-Toed Ungulates)
Horses - Tapirs - Rhinos
Wooly Rhino - Coelodonta
Artiodactyls (Even-toes Ungulates)
Cows - Camels - Deer - Hippos - Pigs - Giraffe
Proboscids
Elephants - (Gomphotheres)
Wooly Mammoths & Platybelodon
Mammals Return to the Sea:
Cetaceans, Pinepeds & Sirenians
Pakicetus &
Ambulocetus
Primate Ancestor - Tree Shrew
Primate Relations
Paleocene Primate- Plesiadapis
Eocene Primate- Notharctus