Protect the castle from the insideProtect the castle from the insideCreated by William Tabor and Howard HellmanCreated by William Tabor and Howard Hellman
CASTLE TECHNOLOGYCASTLE TECHNOLOGY
• Walls (Firewalls)Walls (Firewalls)
• Draw Bridge (Tunnels)Draw Bridge (Tunnels)
• Moats (DMZs)Moats (DMZs)
HISTORYHISTORY
HISTORYHISTORY
The battle for TroyThe battle for Troy
proved thatproved that
this this does notdoes not work work
HISTORYHISTORY
80% of all theft80% of all theft
occurs from theoccurs from the
insideinside
INTERNALINTERNAL COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION
Is data clear text?Is data clear text?
INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONINTERNAL COMMUNICATION
PROBLEMS WITH CLEAR TEXT COMMUNICATIONPROBLEMS WITH CLEAR TEXT COMMUNICATION
• Instant messagingInstant messaging
• EmailEmail
• Accounting informationAccounting information
INTERNAL COMM – INSTANT MESSAGINGINTERNAL COMM – INSTANT MESSAGING
EXAMPLE #1EXAMPLE #1
The CEO and personnel director of a medium-sized company were messaging each The CEO and personnel director of a medium-sized company were messaging each other about potential layoffs.other about potential layoffs.
This information exchange was detected by individuals within the IT department, This information exchange was detected by individuals within the IT department, and news of the discussion spread through the enterprise unchecked, well before and news of the discussion spread through the enterprise unchecked, well before any decisions could be made.any decisions could be made.
INTERNAL COMM – INSTANT MESSAGINGINTERNAL COMM – INSTANT MESSAGING
EXAMPLE #2EXAMPLE #2
Two writers for a well-known daytime drama were messaging each other regarding a Two writers for a well-known daytime drama were messaging each other regarding a significant plot change.significant plot change.
A tabloid reporter intercepted their conversation and printed his scoop.A tabloid reporter intercepted their conversation and printed his scoop.
The show subsequently dropped 15 ratings points. Each point translates into The show subsequently dropped 15 ratings points. Each point translates into advertising revenue of between $10 and $15 million. advertising revenue of between $10 and $15 million.
INTERNAL COMM – EMAILINTERNAL COMM – EMAIL
EXAMPLE #3EXAMPLE #3
A car manufacturer spent $240 million on researching and developing an innovative, A car manufacturer spent $240 million on researching and developing an innovative, advanced engine design.advanced engine design.
The company emailed the design to production plant, but the email was intercepted The company emailed the design to production plant, but the email was intercepted by a competing manufacturer. by a competing manufacturer.
The competitor promptly put the new engine design into production, beating the The competitor promptly put the new engine design into production, beating the developer to market – without having to pay a single euro into R&D!developer to market – without having to pay a single euro into R&D!
PROVIDER OF SECURE SYSTEM SOLUTIONSPROVIDER OF SECURE SYSTEM SOLUTIONS
• Virtual Security ApplianceVirtual Security Appliance
• FirewallFirewall
• SSL VPN TunnelSSL VPN Tunnel
• Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) ServicesPublic Key Infrastructure (PKI) Services
• Biometric Secure IdentificationBiometric Secure Identification
• Consulting ServicesConsulting Services
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Virtual Security Appliance - FirewallVirtual Security Appliance - Firewall
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Virtual Security Appliance - FirewallVirtual Security Appliance - Firewall
• Built on a lightweight version of SELinuxBuilt on a lightweight version of SELinux• Turn any server into a hardened platform .Turn any server into a hardened platform .• Application server becomes undetectable on the network.Application server becomes undetectable on the network.
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Virtual Security Appliance – SSL VPNVirtual Security Appliance – SSL VPN
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Virtual Security Appliance – SSL VPNVirtual Security Appliance – SSL VPN
• Works with and in Conjunction with Linux FirewallWorks with and in Conjunction with Linux Firewall• Provides non clear text access to the ApplicationProvides non clear text access to the Application• Encryption greater then 2048bitEncryption greater then 2048bit• Can exist in a P5 PartitionCan exist in a P5 Partition
PKIPKI
Public/Private Key InfrastructurePublic/Private Key Infrastructure
idTRUST – PKI INFRASTRUCTUREidTRUST – PKI INFRASTRUCTURE
WHY IS A PKI INFRASTRUCTURE NECESSARY?WHY IS A PKI INFRASTRUCTURE NECESSARY?• Optional key generationOptional key generation
• Validate initial identitiesValidate initial identities
• Issuance, renewal and termination of certificatesIssuance, renewal and termination of certificates
• Certificate validationCertificate validation
• Distribution of certificatesDistribution of certificates
• Secure archival and key recoverySecure archival and key recovery
• Generation of signatures and timestampsGeneration of signatures and timestamps
• Establish and manage trust relationshipsEstablish and manage trust relationships
WHAT HAS BLOCKED PKI FROM GLOBAL USE?WHAT HAS BLOCKED PKI FROM GLOBAL USE?
• CostCost
• PKI Integration with vertical application basePKI Integration with vertical application base
• CA portability and interoperabilityCA portability and interoperability
idTRUST – PKI INFRASTRUCTUREidTRUST – PKI INFRASTRUCTURE
PUBLIC/PRIVATE KEY GENERATIONPUBLIC/PRIVATE KEY GENERATION
LOCAL APPLICATIONLOCAL APPLICATION
• ERP, CRM, SCM….ERP, CRM, SCM….
BROWSERBROWSER
• WebSphere PortalWebSphere Portal
• Linux (PHP)Linux (PHP)
REMOTE SERVER COMMUNICATIONSREMOTE SERVER COMMUNICATIONS
Generate aPublic/Private
Key Pair
WHY USE CRYPTOGRAPHY?WHY USE CRYPTOGRAPHY?
Cryptography can be applied to the following information categories:Cryptography can be applied to the following information categories:
• Information at restInformation at rest
• Information in transitInformation in transit
Cryptography is used to enable information:Cryptography is used to enable information:
• Privacy – information cannot be readPrivacy – information cannot be read
• Integrity – information cannot be modifiedIntegrity – information cannot be modified
• Authentication – information proof of ownershipAuthentication – information proof of ownership
• Non-repudiation – cannot deny involvement in transactionNon-repudiation – cannot deny involvement in transaction
ASYMETTRIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHYASYMETTRIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
Different keys (secrets) are used for both the encryption and decryption processes:
Public KeyCipher Ciphertext
information
CleartextPublic Key
CipherJ9%B8^cBt
Ciphertext
Asymmetric key“public key”
Asymmetric key“private key”
Decryption ProcessEncryption Process
Asymmetric key cryptography is characterized by the use of two independent but mathematically related keys
J9%B8^cBt
DIGITAL RIGHTSDIGITAL RIGHTS
WHAT IS DIGITAL RIGHTS?WHAT IS DIGITAL RIGHTS?
Gives us the ability to . . . Gives us the ability to . . .
• Assign ownership to documents or dataAssign ownership to documents or data
• Ensure that data has not been altered during transferEnsure that data has not been altered during transfer
• Provide authenticationProvide authentication
CURRENT METHODCURRENT METHOD
• Username and passwordUsername and password
• Card and PINCard and PIN
• RSA TokenRSA Token
• BiometricsBiometrics
USER IDENTIFICATIONUSER IDENTIFICATION
TOMORROW’S SECURITY TODAYTOMORROW’S SECURITY TODAY
• Secure user authenticationSecure user authentication
• PKIPKI
• Virtualized SecurityVirtualized Security
• SSL VPN TunnelsSSL VPN Tunnels
NEXT GENERATION SECURITYNEXT GENERATION SECURITY
USER IDENTIFICATIONUSER IDENTIFICATION
• Crypto-processor cardCrypto-processor card
• Biometrics on cardBiometrics on card
• ACLU friendlyACLU friendly
DATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONSDATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONS
SECURE IDENTITY TRUST CARDSECURE IDENTITY TRUST CARD
BIOMETRIC CARD FEATURES & CHARACTERISTICSBIOMETRIC CARD FEATURES & CHARACTERISTICS
• Similar to credit card-sized “Smart Card,” but also contains on-card crypto processorSimilar to credit card-sized “Smart Card,” but also contains on-card crypto processor
• Maintains protected storage for public/private keys, digital certificates and digital Maintains protected storage for public/private keys, digital certificates and digital
signatures to be used during authentication processsignatures to be used during authentication process
• Executes cryptographic operations (verifies fingerprint) Executes cryptographic operations (verifies fingerprint)
• Works in conjunction with card operating system (COS)Works in conjunction with card operating system (COS)
BIOMETRIC SECURE IDENTITY CARDBIOMETRIC SECURE IDENTITY CARD
HOW THE IDENTITY TRUST CARD WORKSHOW THE IDENTITY TRUST CARD WORKS
• User enrolls in the Biometric process Card maintains encrypted hash copy of User enrolls in the Biometric process Card maintains encrypted hash copy of
user’s fingerprint in EEPROMuser’s fingerprint in EEPROM
• When user wishes to authenticate him/herself, he/she simply places the correct When user wishes to authenticate him/herself, he/she simply places the correct
finger on the e-field sensorfinger on the e-field sensor
• The fingerprint is scanned, hashed and encryptedThe fingerprint is scanned, hashed and encrypted
• The crypto processor compares the fingerprint sample to the stored valueThe crypto processor compares the fingerprint sample to the stored value
• Card typically returns success or failure status to systemCard typically returns success or failure status to system
CRYPTO-PROCESSING CHIP LAYOUTCRYPTO-PROCESSING CHIP LAYOUT
VCC
Reset
Clock
GND
I/O
32-bit
Microprocessor
(Microcontroller)
RAM 2K Bytes
ROM 32K+ Bytes
EEPROM 64K+ Bytes
Crypto
Accelerator
(Processor)
ISO 7816 Family of
Smart/Crypto Card
Standards, i.e., power,
Clock & I/O Bus
BIOMETRIC SECURE IDENTITY TRUST CARDBIOMETRIC SECURE IDENTITY TRUST CARD
CARD CUSTOMIZATION CAPABILITIESCARD CUSTOMIZATION CAPABILITIES
• Multiple processors (4,6,8, etc.)Multiple processors (4,6,8, etc.)
• Mix and match 8, 16 and 32 bit processors for focused tasksMix and match 8, 16 and 32 bit processors for focused tasks
• Memory (inter-processor and processor specific)Memory (inter-processor and processor specific)
• Multiple custom data structure (application and processor)Multiple custom data structure (application and processor)
• Potentially contact-based and contact-less cardsPotentially contact-based and contact-less cards
BIOMETRIC READERSBIOMETRIC READERS
● Optical Sensor
● Capacitive Sensor
● E-Field Sensor
USER IDENTIFICATION SUMMARYUSER IDENTIFICATION SUMMARY
• Crypto-processor cardCrypto-processor card
• Biometrics on cardBiometrics on card
• PKI data on cardPKI data on card
DATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONSDATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONS
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Certificate Authority SoftwareCertificate Authority Software
INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC APPLICATIONSINDUSTRY-SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS
MasterTrustCenters
Organizations
Departments,Groups,RegionalCenters
DataQuestMaster Trust
Center (Security Level 1, 2, 3)
Smallbusiness
Level 1, 2Finance
Level 1Level 1, 3
Level 1, 2, 3
Level 1 Level 1, 2
Healthcare
Medical recordsdatabase
Level 3
Level 1, 2, 3
Level 1
Third Party Master Trust
Center Certificateinteroperability
(depends on level of trust)
Trust CenterTrust Center
Trust Center
Smallbusiness
Smallbusiness
Geographic(Regional)
Trust Center
Trust Center Trust Center
Trust Center Trust Center
Trust Center
VST SOLUTIONSVST SOLUTIONS
Works in P5 SystemWorks in P5 System
P5
Firewall SSL VPN
Certificate Authority
Applications
PROFESSIONAL SERVICESPROFESSIONAL SERVICES
• Biometric smart card, trust center and PKI integrationBiometric smart card, trust center and PKI integration
• Secure application design, development and implementationSecure application design, development and implementation
• Enterprise security servicesEnterprise security services
• Custom software and consulting servicesCustom software and consulting services
• Project managementProject management
• Training and educationTraining and education
• Security Inventory Security Inventory
• Security Policies and Procedures Guide DevelopmentSecurity Policies and Procedures Guide Development
• IT Governance Audit/AssessmentIT Governance Audit/Assessment
• Penetration TestingPenetration Testing
• Disaster Recovery Planning and ImplementationDisaster Recovery Planning and Implementation
SECURITY SERVICESSECURITY SERVICES
DATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONSDATAQUEST TECHNOLOGIES’ SOLUTIONS
Questions?Questions?