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Cabling Technology
and Standards
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Networks
• Data Communication
– Transfer of digital data between between 2 or more remotelyattached autonomous systems in a reliable and
understandable manner
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Networks
• Network – data communication between 2 or more devices with
the ability to access shared resources
• LAN local area network
• !AN wide area network
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Networks Topologies
Bus
Ring
Star
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• "ubs
• #witches
• $outers
Networks Components
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Switch provides a dedicated
communication channelbetween network devices
Hub connects multiple
devices on same network viaindividual dedicated cableruns (star topology)
Networks Components
(Cont.)
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Networks Components
(Cont.)• $outer connects between
entities residing ondifferent networks
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Cabling Standards
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AC$ Attenuation to CrossTalk $atio
%&AC$ %ower #um Attenuation to CrossTalk $atio
'($ 'it (rror $ate
)(*T )ar (nd CrossTalk
N(*T Near (nd CrossTalk
%&#& N(*T %ower #um Near (nd CrossTalk(L)(*T (+ual Level )ar (nd CrossTalk
%&#& (L)(*T %ower #um (+ual Level )ar (nd CrossTalk
#T% #hielded Twisted %air
T#' Telecommunications #ystems 'ulletin
,T% ,nshielded Twisted %air
Alien *T Alien Cross Talk
Common Abbreviations
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Standards Organizations
• (-A.T-A /,#A0
– (lectrical.Telecommunication -ndustries Association
• AN#-
– American National #tandards -nstitute
• -#1.-(C
– -nternational 1rganiation for #tandardiation
– -nternational (lectrotechnical Commission
• C(N(LC
– (uro3ean Committee for (lectrotechnical #tandardiation
• -(((
– -nstitute of (lectrical and (lectronic (ngineers
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orld Str!ct!red Cabling Standards
• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&7 and '&2ratified in 28879 CAT4 . CAT4(
• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&27ratified in 28829 CAT5
• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&278
finalied :ay 28869 CAT5a
• -#1.-(C 2nd edition genericcabling standard 77687 ratified in 2882
• C(N(L(C generic cabling standard (N 487;<7ratified in 2882
d d i
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Standards "istory
ANS# $ T#A $ %#A&'
• AN#-.(-A.T-A 456 3ublished in 7==7
The 7st Commercial 'uilding Telecommunications !iring #tandard
The original document9 together with T#'<5 > T#'?8 s3ecified the
basic transmission re+uirements of Category <9 ? > 4
• AN#-.(-A.T-A 456A 3ublished in 7==4
$ecognied Cables for "oriontal Cabling@? 3air 788Ω ,T% cables /including #.,T%0
2 3air 748 Ω #T% cables /-': T%(7A0
2 fiber 52&4.724B and 48.724B fibero3tic cable
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ANS#$T#A$%#A&'&* series
• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&7
eneral -nfrastructure re+uirements
Co33er and )iber
• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&2
Co33er re+uirements Cat<9 Cat49 Cat4(• AN#-.T-A.(-A456'&<
)iber re+uirements
ANS#$T#A$%#A ' * + i
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ANS#$T#A$%#A&'&*&+ series
,eneral -e!irements• '7&7 :inimum ? 3air ,T% and #cT% 3atch cable bend radius
• '7&2 'onding and rounding• '7&< #u33ortable distances and Channel Attenuation for ).1
a33lications by )iber ty3e
• *&+./ -ecognition o0 CAT and '1 nm 2aser&Optimized
'1$+3' 4m 55 6$O cabling
• '7&4 Cabling for Telecommunication (nclosures
• *&+. 7o% (7ower Over %thernet)
• '7&; ).1 connectivity :ethods for %olarity
ANS#$T#A$%#A ' * 3 i
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• *&3.+ Category speci0ications
• '2&2 'alanced Twisted%air Cabling Com3onents
• '2&< -L > $L %ass.)ail Determination
• '2&? #olderless Connection $eliability $e+uirements for Co33er
Connecting "ardware
• '2&4 Corrections to T-A.(-A456'&2
• '2&5 Cat 5 $elated Com3onent Test %rocedures
• '2&; $eliability #3ecification $e+uirements for Co33er Connecting"ardware
• '2&6 Additional Com3onent $e+& for DT( %ower
• '2&= Additional Cat 5 'alance $e+uirements > :easurement %rocedures
• *&3.+1 A!gmented Cat Cabling (+1,)0
• '2&77 increased ,T% and #cT% Cable Diameter
ANS#$T#A$%#A&'&*&3 series
Copper
ANS#$T#A$%#A ' * 8 i
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ANS#$T#A$%#A '&*&8 series
6iber
• '<&7 Laser 13timied /1:<0 :: – 78 igabit
– T#' 7?8 – Additional uidelines for )ieldTesting Length9
Loss and %olarity of 13tical )iber Cabling #ystems
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C%2%N%C %N '1+98&+ Series
• (N 487;<7 eneral $e+uirements
• (N 487;<2 1ffice /Commercial0 %remises• (N 487;<< -ndustrial %remises
• (N 487;<? $esidential %remises
• (N 487;<4 Data Centers
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Testing 7arameters
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2ink : Channel de0initions
Commercial 'uilding Telecommunications
Cabling #tandard Link The transmission between any two interfaces of generic cabling
without e+ui3ment > work area cables /where an o3tional transition
connection is allowed0
:aimum Link length is =8 :trs
Channel The endtoend transmission 3ath connecting any two 3ieces of
a33lication s3ecific e+ui3ment with e+ui3ment > work area cables
:aimum Channel length is 788 :trs
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CAT' +11 5"z Testing
Link %erformance of ,T% cables in horiontalcabling
)ield test 3arameters@
• ire 5ap• 2ength
• Atten!ation
• Near&%nd Cross Talk (N%;T)• Characteristic -m3edance is not tested
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CAT'%&+11 5"z & Testing
CAT&3'1 5"z & Testing
CATa&'11 5"z & Testing
Attenuation
NEXT
Powersum NEXT
Wire Map
Length
ELFEXT
Powersum ELFEXT
Return Loss
Delay
Delay Skew
CAT'%< CAT< CATa
i d l
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Categories and Classes
• Category s3ecification for com3onents – cables9
3atch 3anels9 communication outlets
• Class s3ecification for system a33lication on full
channel
– CAT4 . Class D
– CAT5 . Class (
– CAT5a . New Class (
– CAT; . Class )– CAT6 . Class
C i S
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Categories &S!mmary
• CAT< – 78 :bit9 75 :"
• CAT? – 75 :bit9 28 :"
• CAT4 – 78.788 :bit9 788 :"
• CAT4( – 78.788.7888 :bit9 788 :"
• CAT5 – 78.788.7888 :bit E 78bit 44m channel9
/#T%09 248 :"
• CAT5A – 78.788.7888 :bit E 78bit ,T% and #T%9 488 :"
• CAT; – 78.788.7888 :bit E 78bit9 588 :"0
• CAT;A – #T%9 Tera connector9 7 "
• CAT6 – #1"19 7288 :"9 48m channel
Cl S
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Classes & S!mmary
• A – 788 k" /voice0
• ' – 7 :" /-#DNF0• C – 75 :" /Token $ingF0
• D – 788 :" /fast (thernet9 igabit (ternet0
• ( – 288 :" usage . 248 :" testing• ) – 588 :" usage . ;48 :" testing
• – 7288 :" usage . 7488 :" testing
C t i d 7 t l
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Categories and 7rotocols
• 78'aseT
• 788'aseT /? 3airs CAT?0• 788'aseT* /2 3airs CAT4 – 3ins 792 and <950
• 7888'aseT /? 3airs CAT4( full du3le0
• 7888'aseT* /? 3airs CAT5 – 2 3airs Tand 2 3airs $0
• 78'aseT /? 3airs CAT; full du3le0
• :aimum channel length 788m
C t
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Category
• #tandard ratified in 2882
• 'andwidth 248 :"
• 7'it (thernet a33lications
• %rotocol running 7888'aseT
• )ull ,T%.#T% solutions
Category a
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Category a
• #tandard ratified in 2886
• Augmented CAT5• Channel u3 to 788 m
• 'andwidth 488 :"
• ,T% and #T% solutions• New cable design /"oriontal and 3atch cords0
• -ssues with Alien CrossTalk /A*T0
Category 9
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Category 9
• Addressing broadbanda33lications such as Gideo
• #tandadied by -#1.-(C and
Cenelec /(N0
• 'andwidth 588 :"• #T% solution only
• %ro3osed connectors
– #iemon Tera – not com3atible with $H?4
– Neans ?4
CAT; – draft stage
Category 9 Connectors
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Category 9 Connectors
• New connector design
• Two com3liant interfacedesigns currently eist
• Gery little is installed9 or
3roIected to be installed9 over
the net two years
NEXANS - GG45 Jack and GP45 Plug
The Siemon Company - Tera™
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6!t!re developments
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p(#ncreasing need 0or speed)
-((( 682&< "## /higher s3eed study grou30
• ?8.788 b.s /design goal0
– #m o3tical fibre9 78 km
– :: o3tical fibre /1:<09 788 m
– Co33er9 78 m9 #T% cabling eight 3airs
Develo3ment 3lan with schedule for standard
in November 288=
ire 5ap Standards
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568A 568B
Pair 3(Green)
Pair 4(Brown)
Pair 2(Orange)
Pair 1(Blue)
Pair 2(Orange)
Pair 4(Brown)
Pair 3(Green)
Pair 1(Blue)
ire 5ap Standards
O00icial Certi0ications
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O00icial Certi0ications
• $iT 3roducts are officially a33roved by the
following institutions@– D(LTA /Denmark0
– (TL /,#A0
– #(G /#witerland0