Breast HealthMary Haley-Emery, RNNurse Navigator
www.SpringfieldClinic.comwww.SpringfieldClinic.com
Breast Health
• What is a Nurse Navigator?– Someone that assists the patient through
the healthcare system from the time of diagnosis to the end of treatment or survivorship
• I am also responsible for community education regarding breast health
Objectives
• Educate you regarding breast health
• Educate you regarding mammograms
• Make a lasting impression regarding why you should get a mammogram
Malcolm Knowles
• What does he have to do with breast health?
• Nothing, really. He found that effective adult learning works best when certain principles are followed (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2005).
Adult Learning Principles
• Adult Educators state people retain– 20% of what they HEAR
Adult Learning Principles
• Adult Educators state people retain– 20% of what they HEAR – 30% of what they SEE
Adult Learning Principles
• Adult Educators state people retain– 20% of what they HEAR – 30% of what they SEE– 50% of what they SEE and HEAR
Adult Learning Principles
• Adult Educators state people retain– 20% of what they HEAR – 30% of what they SEE– 50% of what they SEE and HEAR– 70% of what they SEE, HEAR & SAY
Adult Learning Principles
• Adult Educators state people retain– 20% of what they HEAR – 30% of what they SEE– 50% of what they SEE and HEAR– 70% of what they SEE, HEAR & SAY– 90% of what they SEE, HEAR, SAY & DO
• Pay close attention tonight… There may be a quiz later!!
Breast Cancer Statistics
• According to the American Cancer Society there will be:
– 57,650 cases of in-situ carcinoma and
– 230,480 cases of invasive breast cancer diagnosed in 2011 (www.cancer.org).
Ductal Carcinoma in-situ
www.breastcancer.org
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
www.Breastcancer.org
• National Cancer Institute. www.cancer.gov
Breast Cancer Statistics
• The American Cancer Society also states that breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women, other than skin cancer.
• Breast cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death in women, after lung cancer
Breast Cancer Statistics
• A female’s chance of developing breast cancer are 1 in 8
• There are currently more than 2.5 million breast cancer survivors in the United States
Probability of Developing Breast Cancer• Table 5. Age-specific Probabilities of Developing Invasive Female Breast
Cancer*
• The probability of developing breast cancer in the next 10 years is: • If current age is … † or 1 in:• 20 0.06% 1,760• 30 0.44% 229• 40 1.44% 69• 50 2.39% 42• 60 3.40% 29• 70 3.73% 27• Lifetime risk 12.08% 8
• *Among those free of cancer at beginning of age interval. Based on cases diagnosed 2004-2006.
• Percentages and ”1 in” numbers may not be numerically equivalent due to rounding.
• † Probability derived using NCI DevCan Software, Version 6.4.0.• (American Cancer Society, Breast Cancer Facts and Figures, 2009-2010)
Risk Factors
• Risk Factors are divided into 2 categories
– Those you cannot change
– Those that are lifestyle choices/changeable
Risk Factors
• Non-changeable– Gender– Age– Inherited gene mutations– Family History– Race– History of Lobular Carcinoma in-situ– Menstrual cycle that started before the age
of 12 or menopause after the age of 55 (American Cancer Society, 2011)
Risk Factors
• Lifestyle Choices/Changeable– Not having children or having them later in life– Use of hormone therapy after menopause– Not breast feeding– Alcohol intake – 2-5 drinks per day may increase
the risk 1.5 times compared to women who don’t drink at all
– Overweight/Obese– Lack of exercise
(American Cancer Society, 2011)
What can You do?
• Self Breast Exam – perform monthly – choose a date that is easy for you to remember
• If you do not perform this on a monthly basis then at least be “Aware” of your own body
What can You do?
•Clinical Breast Exam– This should be performed by a clinician at
least once per year
What can You do?
• GET YOUR MAMMOGRAM!!– This should be a yearly screening beginning
at the age of 40
– You may begin mammography before the age of 40 depending on your medical and family history
What can You do?
• Get out and EXERCISE!– Engaging in at least 30 minutes of exercise per
day may help reduce the risk of breast cancer
– Exercise should be moderate in intensity… This means you have to sweat!
(Facts for Life/Healthy Living, 2011. Susan G. Komen Foundation. www.komen.org)
What can You do?
• The American Institute for Cancer Research recommends changes in dietary consumption of certain foods to help reduce your risk of developing breast cancer
What can You do?
• Simple dietary changes can make a healthy impact– Consume more fruits, vegetables, whole
grains and beans– Limit red meat– Limit alcohol to one drink per day– Don’t use supplements as a substitute for a
healthy diet (The American Institute for Cancer Research. Stopping Cancer Series.
Questions and answers about breast health and breast cancer. Publication #E7B-QC)
What is not a Normal finding?
• A single lump that is soft or hard
• A change in the shape of the breast
• A change in the color or texture of the breast
• A change in the location or appearance of the nipple
• Bloody or cloudy discharge
• Sores on the breast that do not heal
A single lump in the breast that is hard or soft
A change in the shape, color or texture of the breast
Nipple Retraction
Surprise!!
• What age should you begin getting mammograms and how often?
• How often should you have a clinical breast exam?
• What type of drink should be limited to one per day?
• How many minutes of exercise should you get per day?
• Name one abnormal finding that would prompt you to seek medical attention?
• When are you going to schedule your mammogram?
MAMMOGRAMS
DON’T MISS ONE …
NOT EVEN ONCE