OContentsUnit Reading strategy Vocabulary Listening strategy Grammar
Writing/Speaking
strategyFun break Page
Sports Previewing
Magazine article
Vocabulary about sports Listening for main ideas Simple past tense
Present perfect tense
Nouns with and without
articles
Writing a magazine article
Using the appropriate tone
Idioms from sports 2
Teen issues Identifying what
pronouns refer to
Drama script
Vocabulary about teen
issues
Listening for specific
information
Comparative and superlative
adjectives
As…as, the same as,
different from, like
Too many, too much, too
few, too little, enough
Writing a drama script
Using adverbs and adjectives
to enrich descriptions
Board game about some
good and bad behaviour of
teenagers
14
Mystery stories Predicting
Column
Vocabulary relating to
mystery stories
Making inferences Reporting statements
Connectives of reason
Connectives of result
Starting and ending a
discussion
Word search puzzle with words
relating to mystery stories
26
Wonderful
people
Scanning and skimming
Invitation letter
Vocabulary about some
inventions and their
inventors
Listening for comparisons
and preferences
Relative pronouns
Defining relative clauses
Non-defining relative
clauses
Writing an invitation letter
Using formal language
Matching the wonderful people
with the correct descriptions
38
Endangered
species
Identifying facts and
opinions
Argumentative essay
Vocabulary about threats
to the environment
Listening to complete
charts and graphs
Conditionals: Type 0
Conditionals: Type 1
Conditionals: Type 2
Writing an argumentative
essay
Establishing facts to support
an argument
Word scramble game about
endangered species
50
The individual
and society
Paraphrasing
Speech
Vocabulary about rights
and responsibilities
Listening to follow
spoken instructions
Passive voice
Present participles and past
participles as adjectives
Modal verbs: should, ought
to, must, have to
Agreeing and disagreeing Crossword puzzle about
discrimination
62
Appendices 74
• Sports Communication •
• Social Issues •
• Drama •
• Drama •
• Short Stories • • Popular Culture •
• Workplace Communication •
• Workplace Communication •
• Social Issues •
• Debating •
• Debating •
• Social Issues •
• Debating •
1
5
4
3
2
6
Sample
Unit Reading strategy Vocabulary Listening strategy GrammarWriting/Speaking
strategyFun break Page
Sports Previewing
Magazine article
Vocabulary about sports Listening for main ideas Simple past tense
Present perfect tense
Nouns with and without
articles
Writing a magazine article
Using the appropriate tone
Idioms from sports 2
Teen issues Identifying what
pronouns refer to
Drama script
Vocabulary about teen
issues
Listening for specific
information
Comparative and superlative
adjectives
As…as, the same as,
different from, like
Too many, too much, too
few, too little, enough
Writing a drama script
Using adverbs and adjectives
to enrich descriptions
Board game about some
good and bad behaviour of
teenagers
14
Mystery stories Predicting
Column
Vocabulary relating to
mystery stories
Making inferences Reporting statements
Connectives of reason
Connectives of result
Starting and ending a
discussion
Word search puzzle with words
relating to mystery stories
26
Wonderful
people
Scanning and skimming
Invitation letter
Vocabulary about some
inventions and their
inventors
Listening for comparisons
and preferences
Relative pronouns
Defining relative clauses
Non-defining relative
clauses
Writing an invitation letter
Using formal language
Matching the wonderful people
with the correct descriptions
38
Endangered
species
Identifying facts and
opinions
Argumentative essay
Vocabulary about threats
to the environment
Listening to complete
charts and graphs
Conditionals: Type 0
Conditionals: Type 1
Conditionals: Type 2
Writing an argumentative
essay
Establishing facts to support
an argument
Word scramble game about
endangered species
50
The individual
and society
Paraphrasing
Speech
Vocabulary about rights
and responsibilities
Listening to follow
spoken instructions
Passive voice
Present participles and past
participles as adjectives
Modal verbs: should, ought
to, must, have to
Agreeing and disagreeing Crossword puzzle about
discrimination
62
Appendices 74
• Sports Communication •
• Social Issues •
• Drama •
• Drama •
• Short Stories • • Popular Culture •
• Workplace Communication •
• Workplace Communication •
• Social Issues •
• Debating •
• Debating •
• Social Issues •
• Debating •
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •62
The individual and societyO6 • Social Issues •
ODid you know?id you know?
Get your hands dirty
Most young people may have done voluntary work visiting hospitals, centres
for the elderly or orphanages. Since 2010, The Hong Kong Federation of Youth
Groups has organised something different for young people to be volunteers
at an organic farm. This programme allows volunteers to learn about organic
farming and how to lead a sustainable life. Through helping out in the farm, they
can embrace nature. It is very worthwhile.
Paraphrasing
You may be asked to locate some factual information in a text but the question is often
paraphrased. Paraphrasing is a way to rewrite a text using different words but the
meaning is still the same. When paraphrasing, synonyms are always used. The voice,
word forms and the order of the main ideas may be changed. Here is an example.
We should discuss the laws concerning animal cruelty first because some people have
mistreated their pets.
Animal cruelty laws should be a top priority for discussion because some animals have
been abused.
In the example, synonyms ‘a top priority’ and ‘abused’ are used to replace ‘first’ and
‘mistreated’, and the subordinate clause is written in the passive voice.
Your turnYour turn
Read the text and paraphrase it in the space below.
The government should provide more resources for teenagers. They are less competitive
if they do not have enough international exposure.
Reading strategyeading strategy
Useful website
O O
Check the following
website to know more
about this programme:
organicfarm.hkfyg.org.
hk/page.aspx?corpnam
e=organicfarm&i=1739
Sample
Unit 6 • The individual and society • O63
Read the following extract of a speech delivered by President Obama.
OReading comprehensioneading comprehension
Answer the following questions.
1. Use ONE word to fill in each blank.
Believing in (i) and (ii) , the United States
leads other countries to work together to end modern-day (iii)
though it has a long history in this country.
HKDSE
• Debating •
For more than two centuries, the United States has worked to advance the cause of
freedom. Stained from a history of slavery and shaped by ancestors brought to this
country in chains, today, America shines as a beacon of hope to people everywhere
who cherish liberty and opportunity.
Today, millions of men, women, and children are victims of human trafficking. This
modern-day slavery occurs in countries throughout the world and in communities
across our Nation. These victims face a cruelty that has no place in a civilized world:
children are made to be soldiers, teenage girls are beaten and forced into prostitution,
and migrants are exploited and compelled to work for little or no pay.
Founded on the principles of justice and fairness, the United States continues to be a
leader in the global movement to end modern-day slavery. We have launched national
initiatives to help healthcare workers, airline flight crews, and other professionals
better identify and provide assistance to victims of trafficking. We are strengthening
protections and supporting the development of new tools to prevent and respond to
this crime, and increasing access to services that help survivors become self-sufficient.
We are also working with our international partners and faith-based organizations to
bolster counter-trafficking efforts in countries across the globe.
As we fight to eliminate trafficking, we draw strength from the courage and resolve
of generations past — and in the triumphs of the great abolitionists that came before
us, we see the promise of our Nation: that even in the face of impossible odds, those
who love their country can change it. Every citizen can take action by speaking up
and insisting that the clothes they wear, the food they eat, and the products they buy
are made free of forced labor. Business and non-profit leaders can ensure their supply
chains do not exploit individuals in bondage. And the United States Government will
continue to address the underlying forces that push so many into the conditions of
modern-day slavery in the first place.
Source: Excerpted from www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/31/proclamation-national-slavery-and-human-trafficking-prevention-month-201.
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •64
2. President Obama mentions the victims of human trafficking in his speech. Match each
of the following speech bubbles with one group of victims. Write the answer under the
speech bubble.
(i) (ii) (iii)
3. Which of the following groups of people is NOT helping to identify and provide
assistance to victims of trafficking?
A. firefighters
B. doctors
C. pilots A B C D
D. nurses
4. (i) What is the tone of President Obama in relation to combatting human trafficking?
Why?
(ii) According to President Obama, what can local citizens do to help?
5. Who are the abolitionists?
A. people who suffered from slavery
B. people who supported the end of slavery
C. business leaders A B C D
D. non-profit organisation leaders
6. Decide whether the following statements are True, False, or the information is Not
Given. Blacken ONE circle only for each statement.
T F NG
(i) Human trafficking exists in America only.
(ii) Human trafficking involves both adults and children.
(iii) Businessmen can help to combat human trafficking.
(iv) The problem can only be solved with the help of America.
7. What do you think about the life of the people suffering from human trafficking?
HKDSE
I’m forced to work
for an extremely low
salary.
I’m always beaten and
compelled to provide
sex in return for food.
I have no idea how to
shoot, but I’ve been a
soldier here for a year.
TSA
HKDSE
TSA
HKDSE
Sample
Unit 4 • Wonderful people • O41
A. aeroplane B. automobile C. camera D. compass
E. computer F. light bulb G. mobile phone H. steam engine
Your turnYour turn
A. Match the inventors with the inventions above by writing the correct letters in the spaces.
1. Karl Benz 2. Thomas Savery
3. Charles Babbage 4. Thomas Edison
5. Wright brothers 6. Martin Cooper
7. William Sturgeon 8. Alexander Wolcott
B. Fill in the blanks using the vocabulary above.
1. Why don’t you buy an energy-saving which is more
long-lasting and can save money?
2. You must bring a map and a when you go hiking.
3. An can take people to a very far place in a short period
of time.
4. The is no longer used because of the high maintenance
cost.
5. You can download this free mobile security app to protect your
.
6. The invention of the has enabled people to go anywhere
they want on land.
7. You can get more information from a website using your .
8. Let’s look at the and say cheers.
OVocabularyocabulary OO
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •66
Listening to follow spoken instructions
In some listening tasks, you may be required to fill in a form. Before listening, you
should read the form carefully. The instructions are not usually written on the form. You
often hear the following instructions:
tick relevant boxes
circle correct answers
cross out inappropriate answers
Your turnYour turn
A. Read the self-introduction and fill in the form.
My name is Peter Wong. I am a Secondary Four student. I would like to join
CityTalk. My contact number is nine triple-three, four triple-seven.
CityTalk Participation Form
Name:
Year of study: S1–3 S4–6
(tick the correct box)
Contact method ( Email / Mobile ):
(cross out the inappropriate one)
B. Listen to the conversation and fill in the form.
Social Issues Seminars Registration Form
Name:
Age: 12–14 15–17 18–20
Reasons for attending the seminars: (You can choose more than one.)
For the purpose of study Staying with friends
Teacher’s recommendation Sharing ideas with others
Topics of interest: (Choose at least THREE topics.)
Housing problem Hong Kong’s legal system
Teenage issues Education development
Environment protection Economic development
Listening strategyistening strategy
Track 14
Sample
Unit 6 • The individual and society • O67
Situation
You are Ryan Wong, a Secondary Three student. You want to do some voluntary work in your spare time.
You are talking to your teacher. Listen to the conversation. As you listen you can make notes on the note-
taking sheet.
Listening note-taking sheet
Love to Help Enrolment Form
Name: Gender: M / F
Age: 11–13 14–16 17–19
Personality: (You can choose more than one.)
patient cheerful positive helpful cooperative energetic
Target service group: (choose ONE only)
new immigrants orphans elderly people disabled people
Contact number:
Data File
Study the Data File for relevant information to be included in the writing task.
1. Memo from Miss Fung to Ryan 2. Abstract from a newspaper article
Your turnYour turn
Complete the self-introduction letter using information from the Data File and your notes.
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to join . I will introduce myself.
I would like to help .
I can be reached on if you need further information.
Yours faithfully,
OIntegrated skillsntegrated skillsTrack 15
Hi Ryan,
I’m happy to know that you’re going to do some voluntary work. Your English is good. I think you may give free tutoring to some children. I think you can help them enjoy learning.
Miss Fung
Problems faced by new immigrants
The new immigrant children’s English level
is usually low and the family cannot afford to
send them to tutorial classes. Most of them
find it hard to adapt to their new environment.
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •32
Reporting statements
When you report statements, you have to change the following:
Tense
simple present simple past simple past past perfect
present continuous past continuous past continuous past perfect continuous
present perfect past perfect simple future would + bare infinitive
present perfect continuous past perfect
continuous
is/am/are going to was/were going to
Pronouns / Possessive adjectives
first and second person pronouns / possessive adjectives third person
Time/Place words
now then next week the following week
this afternoon that afternoon yesterday the day before
today/tonight that day/night last week the week before
tomorrow the following/next day here there
e.g. Samson said, ‘I watched a scary film yesterday.’
Samson said he had watched a scary film the day before.
Your turnYour turn
A. Rewrite the story in the left column using reported speech.
OG rammarrammar
Reporting verbs such as
informed, mentioned,
replied, said and told
are often used in the
simple past tense when
reporting statements.
O OUseful tip
Edith and Walter were discussing the coming storytelling competition on their way home after school. ‘I will tell an Aesop’s Fable,’ Edith said. ‘It’s meaningful and it always brings out a moral lesson.’ ‘I’m considering a ghost story,’ Walter said. ‘I will scare everyone to death,’ he explained. Edith looked at him in disbelief. ‘Last year someone told one and he scared a girl who couldn’t stop crying in class,’ Edith told Walter. ‘You’re going to change your mind,’ Edith suggested.
Edith and Walter were discussing the coming storytelling competition on their way home after school.
Sample
Unit 6 • The individual and society • O69
Present participles and past participles as adjectives
There are two types of participles: present participles and past participles. You can use
participles as adjectives.
Present participles (the -ing form of a verb)
talk about the person, thing or
situation which has caused the
feeling
The job of a social worker is regarded as a
challenging one.
describe a continuous action Someone took a picture of the shocking moment
when the plane fell from the sky.
Past participles (the -ed form of a verb)
talk about how someone feels People were amazed by President Lincoln who
stopped slavery.
describe a complete action This picture shows the fallen plane near the river.
Your turnYour turn
B. Read the text and underline the correct answers.
Terrorism is a (1) ( threatening / threatened )
thing to all people in the world. We are
(2) ( worried / worrying ) about what terrorists
will do in the future. We are all (3) ( scaring /
scared ) about terrorist attacks. When we watch
the news about hijacking an aircraft or tourists
being kidnapped, we feel upset and
(4) ( disappointing / disappointed ). We also feel (5) ( shocking / shocked ) when
someone is killed by terrorists. All citizens are asking their governments to tackle this
(6) ( annoying / annoyed ) problem of terrorism. Governments are also saying the
situation is (7) ( depressed / depressing ). They have been trying very hard to avoid
terrorism, for example, enhancing the security at airports and strengthening international
cooperation. Some people think terrorism is (8) ( disturbing / disturbed ) so they do not
travel any more even though there are so many (9) ( amazing / amazed ) scenic spots in
the world. I believe all people around the world would feel (10) ( pleasing / pleased ) if
terrorism were no longer to exist.
You use more and
most when forming
the comparative and
superlative forms
of these participle
adjectives, e.g. more
exciting and most
exciting.
O OUseful tip
Sample
Unit 5 • Endangered species • O59
Argumentative essay: Establishing facts to support an argument
is written to show your opinion towards a particular issue.
can be one-sided or two-sided depending on the topic.
should be supported by evidence. Your evidence can be some facts, statistics, expert
quotes or based on logic. Each paragraph will provide evidence to support one
argument. For example, ‘The Amur leopard is critically endangered. According to the
WWF, there are only about 30 individuals in the world today due to poaching.’
What should be included in an argumentative essay?
An argumentative essay should include the following:
Writing strategyriting strategy
Your turnYour turn
You are going to write a 250-word argumentative essay on the topic ‘Should we help save
endangered species?’
Step 1: Planning — mind map
• Debating •
Topic
Tell readers what the essay is about.
Introduction
Begin with an interesting fact about the topic or a quote from an authoritative
source about the topic. Then give a general overview of the topic.
Body paragraphs
First state the counter arguments with related evidence. Then present your case in
the second section of the body. Use one paragraph to state each of your arguments.
Conclusion
Summarise your arguments, state your opinion or preferences and end with a call to
action.
Introduction:
Counter argument (1): Counter argument (2):
Topic:
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •60
Step 2: Writing
Conclusion:
Supporting argument (1): Supporting argument (2):
Useful vocabulary
O O
Endangered Species
Act, survival of the
fittest, living creatures,
habitats, extinct, ruin,
collapse, ecosystem,
biodiversity, chain
reaction
Sample
Unit 6 • The individual and society • O71
Agreeing and disagreeing
When you are having a group discussion, you often show agreement or disagreement
with what others say.
Instead of just saying ‘Yes’ or ‘No’, you have to use an appropriate expression to
give your opinion. It should be supported by an explanation.
Here are some common expressions to show agreement or disagreement.
Agreeing Disagreeing
•Absolutely.
• Exactly.
• Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.
• Ihavenodoubtaboutit.
• Itotallyagreewithyou.
• Iwasjustgoingtosaythat.
•Ofcourse.
• That’sagoodpoint.
• That’sexactlyhowIfeel/think.
• That’sforsure.
• That’sright.I’mtotallywithyou.
• That’ssotrue.
• Thatmakesgoodsense.
• Thatsoundslogical.
•You’reabsolutelyright.
•Youhaveapointthere.
• I’mafraidIcanonlypartiallyagree
with you.
• I’mafraidIdon’tagree.
• I’mnotsosureaboutthat.
• Idon’tthinkso.
• Idoubtthat.
• IseeyourpointbutIhavetodisagree.
• Itotallydisagree.
• I’dsaytheexactopposite.
•Notreally.
• Sorry,Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.
• That’snotalwaysthecase.
• That’snotalwaystrue.
• That’snotentirelytrue.
• That’snotright.
• Thestoryisnotlikethat.
Here are two examples:
Mum: Ithinkthegovernmentshouldprovidemorepublichousing.
Dad: Itotallyagreewithyou.Therearesomanypeoplewhohavelowincomeand
cannotaffordtobuyprivatehousing.(Agreeing)
Son: That’snotright.Thegovernmentshouldnotonlyfocusonpublichousing.
Educationneedsmoreresourcestoo.(Disagreeing)
Peter: There’sbeenanearthquakeinChina.Shallwedonatesomemoney?
Cindy: Absolutely.Let’sdoittogether.(Agreeing)
Simon: Idon’tthinkso.Ithinkdonatingfoodandresourcesismorepracticalthan
money.(Disagreeing)
Speaking strategypeaking strategy
Sample
O Discovering English in Summer • Book 3 •72
Your turnYour turn
You are going to have a group discussion on the topic ‘The government should pay for
tertiary education’. Write down your ideas in the table and elaborate two points to show
agreement and another two points to show disagreement in the space below.
Useful vocabulary
O O
fresh graduates,
tuition fee, debt, ease,
financial burden, elite,
contribute, distribution
of resources, priority,
tax payers, feasible
Agreeing Disagreeing
Track 16
Sample
O25
Below is a list of items you have learnt in this unit. How well do you understand each of
them? Put a tick (✔) in the appropriate box.
OSelf-evaluationelf-evaluation
Fully understand Don’t understand at all
3 2 1 0Teenage drinkers
Reading strategy — Identifying what pronouns
refer to
Vocabulary about teen issues
Listening strategy — Listening for specific
information
Comparative and superlative adjectives
As…as, the same as, different from, like
Too many, too much, too few, too little, enough
Writing strategy — Drama script
Board game about some good and bad behaviour of
teenagers
Unit 2 • Teen issues •
Play the board game with a dice. The board shows some good and bad behaviour of
teenagers. Follow the numbers in the stars to move forward or backward.
1 10 11 20
2 9 12 19
3 8 13 18
4 7 14 17
5 6 15 16
OFun breakun break
Start FinishWander aimlessly around the streets
Lock yourself in your room
Take drugsShare happiness with friends
Cook with friends Spend too much money
Watch a film with friends
+1
+1 -2
+1
-2 -4
-1
Sample