The Chemistry of Carbon 4 valence electrons = very
versatile Easily bonds w/ H,O, P, S, & N forms long chains
Methane Acetylene Butadiene Benzene Isooctane
Macromolecules join monomers = polymers 4 organic compounds
(macromolecules) are:– Nucleic acids– Proteins– Carbohydrates– Lipids
EXAMPLE of POLYMER
MONOMER
A TRAIN ?
A PEARL NECKLACE ?
EXAMPLE of POLYMER
MONOMER
Train The cars…
Pearl Necklace Each pearl
Carbohydrates
(starch/ polysaccharide) Monomer: monosaccharide (sugar) Made up of C, H, O Functions:
main source of ENERGY (Instant) Structure (in plants… like cellulose in cell
walls)
Proteins
Example: enzymes Monomers: amino acids Elements: C, H, O, N Functions:
Control the rate of reactions Regulate cell processes Form bones and muscles Transport substances Help fight disease
Shape is important – determines function
Nucleic Acids Nucleic acid
Examples: DNA, RNA Monomers: nucleotide Elements: C, H, O, N, P Function: Store / transmit genetic
instructions Coded instructions for making
proteins (pg. 197)