Big Agile It’s not just for small projects anymore
Session# NA13AGL09
Jesse Fewell LeadingAgile
“PMI” is a registered trade and service mark of the Project Management Institute, Inc. ©2013 Permission is granted to PMI for PMI® Marketplace use only.
Jesse Fewell
Enterprise Agility Coach & Trainer
Founder of PMI Agile Community of Practice
Co-Creator, PMI-ACP℠ Agile Certification
Co-Author, Software Extension to PMBOK® Guide
Certified Scrum Trainer & Innovation Games Qualified Instructor
Setting Expectations
Intermediate Level Talk
Will NOT cover agile frameworks
Assume familiarity with large programs
Firehose
“Small Teams Make Better Software”
http://www.mitre.org/work/sepo/toolkits/ippd/StandardProcess/factors/KSF10.html
Teams. Teams. Teams.
“Build project teams around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done.”
- agilemanifesto.org
Team
Database
Report
Screen
User Story
User Story
User Story
User Story
User Story
User Story
User Story
Clarity Accountability Measureable Progress
Process: Execute Agile Team
Inputs Tools/Techniques Outputs
Clarity Accountability Measureable Progress
Process: Execute Agile Team
Inputs Tools/Techniques Outputs
• Roadmap • Actionable Backlog • Materials
Process: Execute Agile Team
Inputs Tools/Techniques Outputs
• Fully Allocated • Skillsets • Small increments
Less Compressed
• Longer Milestones
• Big Scope • Skillset Silos • Pieces built
in isolation
More Compressed
• Shorter Milestone
• Small Scope • Tiger teams • Pieces built
together
Align Iteration Cycles Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Alpha Alpha
Beta
Gamma Gamma Gamma Gamma
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Align Iteration Cycles Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Alpha Alpha
Beta
Gamma Gamma Gamma Gamma
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Beta
Gamma
Alpha
Gamma Gamma Gamma
Alpha
“Scrum of Scrums”
Beta
Gamma
Alpha SM
SM
Facilitate & support team
Gamma
SM
Coordinate issues &
dependencies
PMO
“Scrum of Scrums”
Beta
Gamma
Alpha SM
SM
Facilitate & support team
Gamma
SM
Coordinate issues &
dependencies
! NOT
ENOUGH
Agile Portfolio Management
Scrum Team
Product Team
Scrum Team
Scrum Team
Scrum Team
Product Team
Portfolio Team
Enterprise Portfolio Management
Scrum Team
Product Team
Scrum Team
Scrum Team
Scrum Team
Product Team
Strategy Team Support Portfolio
Team
Project 6
Project 2
Project 3
Project 4
Project 1
Project 5
v2.0 v3.0 v4.0
v5.0
v6.0
Jun Jul Aug Sep
What problems might arise at this level?
?
Moving Teams to Work
! Sporadic Delivery
! Delayed Business Value
! Strain on resources
! Overhead of staffing up or down
ü Discrete SOWs
ü Commodity Oriented
Project 6
Project 2
Project 3
Project 4
Project 1
Project 5
v2.0 v3.0 v4.0
v5.0
v6.0
Jun Jul Aug Sep
Alpha
Beta Gamma
???
Moving Work to Teams
Jun Jul Aug Sep
v2.0 v3.0 v4.0 v5.0
Project 1b
Project 4a Project 4b
Project 3b Project 3c Project 6
Project 5
! Slicing scope to fit
! Choosing reliability over
efficiency
ü Deliver earlier and more often
ü Predictable schedule
ü Predictable burn rate
ü Sustainable Pace
Project 1a
Project 2
Project 3a
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Program Management Problem
A
B
C
D
E
PM
PM
PM
PM
Beta
Gamma
Alpha PO
PO
PO
Teams Sponsors / Clients
Stakeholders
Program Management Problem
A
B
C
D
E
PM
PM
PM
PM
Beta
Gamma
Alpha PO
PO
PO
Teams Sponsors / Clients
Stakeholders
Program Management Problem
A
B
C
D
E
PM
PM
PM
PM
Beta
Gamma
Alpha PO
PO
PO
Teams Sponsors / Clients
Stakeholders
Product / Program Team
A
B
C
D
E
Beta
Gamma
Alpha PO
PO
PO
Teams Sponsors / Clients
Stakeholders
PO PO PO
PM PM PM PM
A B C D E
Program Team
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Done
Grooming Architecture Spikes Build IVV / C&A Deploy
Tier 1 - Scrum
Feature
User Story Te
ams
Proj
ects
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Done
Grooming Architecture Spikes Build IVV / C&A Deploy
Tier 1 - Scrum
Tier 2 - Kanban Feature
User Story Te
ams
Proj
ects
Portfolio Management: Selection
Project Xray
Project Yoyo
Project Zulu
Business Case $10M USD $5M USD $1M USD
Timeline 18 months 12 months 1 month
What is your recommendation?
Value-Driven Governance
Project Xray
Project Yoyo
Project Zulu
Business Case $10M USD $5M USD $1M USD
Timeline 18 months 12 months 1 month
Value Ratio (V/T) $0.6M / mo $.04M / mo $1.0M / mo
Does you decision change now?
Portfolio Management: Governance
Project Xray
Project Yoyo
Project Zulu
Business Case $10M USD $5M USD $1M USD
Timeline 18 months 12 months 1 month
Value Ratio (V/T) $0.6M / mo $.04M / mo $1.0M / mo Schedule (SPI) +8% -3% +2%
Budget (CPI) +4% -4% +15%
Quality 82% 95% 97%
Now, what is your recommendation?
Incremental Funding Cycles
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Traditionally, reviews happen only during annual
budgeting cycle Instead, executives should review the portfolio
regularly
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Done
Grooming Architecture Spikes Build IVV / C&A Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Tier 1 - Scrum
Tier 2 - Kanban
Epic
Feature
User Story Te
ams
Proj
ects
Pr
ogra
ms
& P
PM
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Done
Grooming Architecture Spikes Build IVV / C&A Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Tier 1 - Scrum
Tier 2 - Kanban
Tier 3 - Kanban Epic
Feature
User Story Te
ams
Proj
ects
Pr
ogra
ms
& P
PM
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Done
Grooming Architecture Spikes Build IVV / C&A Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Tier 1 - Scrum
Tier 2 - Kanban
Tier 3 - Kanban Epic
Feature
User Story Te
ams
Proj
ects
Pr
ogra
ms
& P
PM
3-Tiered Model
Epic
Feature
User Story
Epics collecDons of features, typically 1-‐3 months in duraDon. Epics span releases. Epics can span more than one team. These are the things senior leadership cares about.
Features are smaller than epics, typically 2-‐4 weeks in duraDon. Features are contained within releases. Features are contained within a team. These are what the Product Owner Cares about.
User Stories are the smallest increment of value, typically less than a week. User Stories are contained within sprint. These are the things Engineering Management Cares about.
Epic
Feature Feature Feature Feature
User Story
User Story
User Story
Taxonomy
User Story
User Story
User Story
Progressive Elaboration
time
Epic
Feature
User Story
Criteria Criteria
Sprint Start
Epic
Several Months Early
Epic
Feature
Several Weeks Early
Epic
Feature
User Story
1-2 Sprints Early
We break items into smaller, more detailed pieces as they gain priority
and schedule proximity
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Spike
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic
Epic
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic
Epic
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic Epic
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Feature
Epic Epic
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Epic
Spike
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
User Story User Story
Task Task
Task
8 16
8
Spike
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike User Story
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike User Story
Epic
Feature
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike User Story
Epic
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike User Story
Epic
Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike User Story
Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8
User Story
User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8
User Story
User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task
Task
8
16
8
User Story
User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task Task
Task
8 16
8
User Story
User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task Task
8
16
8 User Story User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature Feature
Task
Task Task
8
16
8 User Story User Story
Spike
Epic Epic
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Feature
Task
Task Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike
User Story
Epic
Feature Feature Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike Task
Task
Task
8
8
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Epic
Feature
Feature
Task
Task Task
8
16
8 User Story
Spike
User Story
Epic
Feature
User Story
User Story
Spike
Feature Feature
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
User Story
Spike Task
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
8
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
User Story
Spike Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story User Story
Spike Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Story Backlog Task Backlog In Process Task Done Story Backlog
Analysis Design Build Test Deploy
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Epic
Feature
Feature
Epic Epic
User Story
Task
Task
8
8
Feature Feature Feature
Task 8
User Story
Spike
Epic
Feature
User Story User Story
Spike Task
Task
Task
8
8 Task 8
Task 8
A Word About Methodologies
Scaled Agile Framework®
(SAFe)
Disciplined Agile Delivery
(DAD)
Large Scale Scrum (LeSS) Agility Path™
Case Study: John Deere C
onte
xt
World’s largest farming manufacturer Offshore sites
Con
clus
ions
Started with single 150pax program Create “pull” for the change
Case Study: Dotcom IT C
onte
xt
World’s largest online grocery £2.47bn in 2011 UK, India
Con
clus
ions
Balance technical risk and change Dramatic mind shift on business side Leverage your unique assets
Case Study: Telecom C
onte
xt
2009 Merger with Symbian 2000+ staff UK, India, Finland, China
Con
clus
ions
Stakeholder management is key Structured rollout across years rather than months Benefits real but not measurable
Thin Vertical Slice
Big Picture
Check point
Form Teams
Teach PracDces Guide Culture
“Bottom Up Implementation”
Checkpoint
Big Picture
Thin Vertical
Slice
Assessment
Targeted Coaching
OperaDonalize
“Make it stick”
Structure
Governance Metrics
Assessment
Targeted Coaching OperaDonalize
Form Teams
Teach PracDces Guide Culture
AgileManifesto.org We are uncovering better ways of developing products by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.
Individuals & interactions Processes & tools
Working product Comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration Contract negotiation
Responding to change Following a plan Over
Over
Over
Over
(Big) AgileManifesto.org We are uncovering better ways of developing products by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.
Individuals & interactions Processes & tools
Working product Comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration Contract negotiation
Responding to change Following a plan Supported by
Supported by
Supported by
Supported by
Structure Practices Culture
Organization
• Reorg • Competency Centers
• Career Paths
• Events & Communication
• Values
Project / Program
• Release Cycles • Feature Flow • Product Owner
Teams
• Elaboration • Forecasts & Re-
scoping
• Product Success
Pilot
• Cross-Functional Teams
• Scrum Rules
• Impediments & Workarounds
• Track Record • Stable Velocity
Structure Culture Practices
• Cross-Functional Teams
• Scrum Rules
• Release Cadence
• Feature Flow • Product
Owner Teams
• Reorg
• CI / TDD • Team Norms
• Elaboration, Release Spikes, etc.
• Budgets & Trim-the-tail
• Competency Centers
• Career Paths
• Track Record • Stable
Velocity
• Product Success
• Broadcast successes & values
• Organization Norms
Team
Pr
ogra
m
Org
Jesse Fewell
@leadingagile
www.jessefewell.com
Linkedin.com/in/jessefewell
Contact Information
“PMI” is a registered trade and service mark of the Project Management Institute, Inc. ©2013 Permission is granted to PMI for PMI® Marketplace use only.