BERRY PRODUCTION IN TURKEY
Prof. Dr. Nurettin KASKAProf. Dr. Sevgi PAYDAS KARGI
Univ of Cukurova, Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. HorticultureAdana/Turkey
2 - 4 April 2007
Bordeaux
INTRODUCTION
Turkey :Mother land for berries.
Raspberry : Black Sea
Blackberry : Bolu, Sinop etc.
Strawberry : Bolu, Black Sea
*1
2
3
45 6
7
8
* Shows production arrange
Fig. 1. The main berry producing provinces in Turkey
9
10
11
Table 1. Area, production and yield of Raspberries in different years in Turkey
Years Area (ha) Production (tons) Yield (kg/da)
1995 350 1319 376.91996 361 1969 545.41997 356 1975 564.81998 335 1700 507.51999 315 1780 565.12000 315 1800 571.42001 325 1840 566.22002 325 1850 569.2
RASPBERRY ( Table 1)
RASPBERRY
Production :1975 tons in 1997.
Area 320 hectares
Yield :571.4kg/ha
The culture started 30-40 years
ago in Turkey. It is also grown in
subtropical area with shading the
plants.
RASPBERRY - Heritage
- Dwarf of Holland. - Sandy and organic soils. - Jam,marmalade, ice-cream etc. - Industrial crop Cultivars tried: Summit, Canby, Heritage-1 and 2, Rubin, Dwarf of Holland, Nuburrg, Cola, Aksu red, Meeker, Bursa Dwarf, Tuleman, Villamet.
BLACKBERRY
Economically grown in Adana and Mersin (Silifke) and Bursa.Production ?Area ? Yield 6,8,10 kg / Plant, 2-2.5 tons/da.
Cultivars tried : Arapaho, Cherokee, Black Satin, Nessy, Jumbo, Dirkson Thornless, Bursa-1, 2, 3 and 4,Theodor Reimers,Chester Thornless,Navaho.
STRAWBERRY Before 1970 traditional growing
After 1970 modern planting systems
After 1972 frigo (cold stored ) plants
were used.
Countrywise experiments in 6 locations
with 5 varieties (Tioga, Aliso,
Pocahontas, Cambridge, Ottoman).
After 1980 Cukurova University became
the center of strawberry researches.
(Varieties : Vista, Pajaro, Cruz, Belruby,
Toro, Tufts)
Area (Fig. 2)
0,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Year
Are
a (H
a)
Fig 2. Turkey’s strawberry production area between 1965 and 2005.
1450 ha in 1965 7150 ha in 1980 10400 ha in 2004
Production (Fig. 3)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
18019
60
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Year
Pro
du
ctio
n (
x100
0Mt)
Fig 3. Turkey’s strawberry production between 1965 and 2005.
1500 tons in 196551 000 tons in 1990160 000 tons in 2005
Yield (Fig 4)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
16019
60
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Year
Yie
ld (
x100
0 H
g/H
a)
Fig 4. Turkey’s strawberry average yield between 1965 and 2005.
4.570 tons/ha in 1961 (farmers)6.700 tons/ha in 198514.400 tons/ha in 200450.000 tons/ha in several experiments
CULTIVARS
Ottoman (Local), Tioga, Aliso, Pocahontas, Cambridge,
Tudla, Dorit, Selva, Fern, Seascape, Marmalade, Early Glow, Camarosa,Yalova 110 (Local),Oso Grande
Sweet Charlie, Gaviota, Maya, Paros, Diamante, Festival, Earlybrite,
GROWING SYSTEMS
Summer planting with frigo or cold stored plants, plug plants. Plastic tunnels, black plastic mulch Winter planting (Silifke)
CONCLUSION
- Area and production increased rapidly- Difficulties in runner plant production Mediterranean is not satisfactory-Cappadoccia satisfactory soils, volcanic tuffs- Plug plants are becoming popular-There are quite a big area suitable for strawberry growing in the Mediterranean and Aegean coastal areas
CONCLUSION
Competition with Spain and Italy in Spring is
difficult because of distance. Therefore we are
trying to concentrate on Autumn production.
Presently the yield is low, it can be increased
by proper tecknigues.
Camarosa is the main cultivar due to its fruit
characteristics.
Strawberry fruits during picking season
Strawberry production in walk-in high tunnels in Mersin.
Strawberry crops starting to bear fruits
Strawberry picking on the YALTIR Company’s Field, Mersin, TURKEY.
Strawberry pickers hard at work.
Packing strawberries
Fruiting strawberries
High plastic walk-in tunnels in Anamur (2005)
High plastic walk-in tunnels in Anamur (2005)
High plastic walk-in tunnels in Anamur (2005)
High plastic walk-in tunnels in Anamur (2005)
Ventilation of high plastic walk-in tunnels in Anamur (2005)
Camarosa strawberries in punnets (February, 2005)
Raspberry production in the second year under shading
Heritage
Holland Dwarf
Thornless Blackberry grown in subtropical area of TURKEY
Thornless Blackberry grown in subtropical area of TURKEY
Thornless Blackberry grown in subtropical area of TURKEY
Thornless Blackberry grown in subtropical area of TURKEY