Basic Concept of Gender
Let’s have a look… ???
Sex • Biological differences between men and women.• Not vary with race, caste, class, ethnicity, religion, and time.• Women’s ability to give birth, breast feed.
Gender• Social differences between men and women • Manifested in different roles, qualities and behaviors of
women, men and society as a whole.• Vary with race, caste, class, ethnicity, religion, relation
position, situations, age, time. • Vary with situations, the same person may behave differently
in different contexts.
Gender roles
• Refers to socially differentiated roles of men and women
• Gender roles can be changed easily through sensitization of women and men.1. Productive Role2. Reproductive role3. Community Role
Gender roles
Dou
ble
Day
Trip
le R
ole
Women’s
Gender Needs
Practical gender needs (PGN): • Related to immediate needs of living, such as food,
drinking water, health care and medical support.
Strategic gender needs (SGN): • Related to gender divisions of labor, equal wages,
resources and education, and women’s control over their bodies.
• Necessary to encompass social and political reforms for ensuring power and control, legal rights, reduce domestic violence, .
• These measures are seen as relatively long-term objectives.
Gen
der E
qual
ity
Gender Equality and Equity
Gen
der E
quity
Gender Equality VS Gender Equity
Gender sensitization tools
Tool-1: Gender Equity Analysis
Education
Asset
Control
Right
Power
Inequity
Education
Asset
Control
Right
Power
Inequity
Education
Asset
Control
Right
Power
Equity
Access
Cows
Grass
Money
Land
Feed
Milk
Control
Cows
Grass
Money
Land
Feed
Milk
Asset
Cows
Grass
Money
Land
Feed
Milk
Control
Cows
Grass
Money
Land
Feed
Milk
MEN WOMEN
Red = Low
Yellow = Moderate
Green = High
Tool-2: Access -Control Analysis
Access• Availability- can own Asset
• Handiness- Able to use when required
Control• Authority/Autonomy- Right or permission or liberty to use the
asset (Sell)• Decision making- power to make decisions within the
household and community• Command- Access power to direct or regulate resource• ability to use effectively • Power- to influence or direct people’s behavior or the course of
events.
Tool-3: Time Meter Tool
Tool-4: Barrier Tree Analysis
Causes
Effect
Barrier
Root
Stem
Branches
WorkloadControl
over asset, income
Institutions, ideology Mobility
Four Major Women Barriers
Women’s Empowerment Framework(CARE Framework)
CARE defines WE as the combined effect of changes in:
Women’s Empowerment in Programming
Reduce violence against women
Strong Social Movements
based on solidarity
between men and women
Women will be empowered by:
+Exercise of greater choice in decisions affecting their lives
x
CARE’S Women’s Empowerment : Theory of Change