BioVel
Biome-BGC based Ecosystem Service Indicators
Miklós KertészBioVeL, OpenNESSCentre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT:ecosystemmodeling
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT: ecosystem modeling
Conflictmanage-ment
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem models
Outputparameters
Ecosystem serviceindicators
e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management
s-Servicescommunication, problem solving
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
The concept of ecosystem services (ES) provides a powerful way of examining the interaction between ecosystems and human well-being.
OpenNESS has been designed to deliver innovative and practical ways of applying the concepts of Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services in land, water and urban management in Europe and to examine how they link to, and support, wider EU economic, social and environmental policy initiatives.
To work collaboratively with stakeholders in each case study to identify the problems they face in operationalising the Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services concepts in their specific policy and decision-making context;
To apply and refine the methods and models to the case studies to test their relevance and usefulness in an iterative manner; and,
To characterise any common lessons that can be learnt on the operational potential of the ES and NC concepts across the multi-scale case studies.
Aim
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
26 case with different cultural conditions
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Global drivers
Climate changeEU agricultural policy/ WTOs
Regional drivers
GeomorphologyRegional climate changeNational GDPGovernment regulation
Disturbance regime
PulseExtreme droughts
PressureWarmingLower groundwater tableExpansion of old-fieldsExpansion of tree plantations
Ecosystem structure
Proportion of land cover typesConnectivitySpecies richness
Ecosystem fuction
Water budgetEnergy budgetOrganic matter and nutrient dynamicsEcosystem services
FoodTimberFresh waterWater regulationRegulation of biodiversityCultural heritage
Human behaviour
MigrationWater use and drainageExtensive afforestationLand abandonmentTourism
Human outcome
Demographic changeNature conservationpolicyEconomical restructuringChange in propertysystem
Society - environmentrelationsin Kiskunság,CentralHungary
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Global drivers
Climate changeEU agricultural policy/ WTOs
Regional drivers
GeomorphologyRegional climate changeNational GDPGovernment regulation
Disturbance regime
PulseExtreme droughts
PressureWarmingLower groundwater tableExpansion of old-fieldsExpansion of tree plantations
Ecosystem structure
Proportion of land cover typesConnectivitySpecies richness
Ecosystem fuction
Water budgetEnergy budgetOrganic matter and nutrient dynamicsEcosystem services
FoodTimberFresh waterWater regulationRegulation of biodiversityCultural heritage
Human behaviour
MigrationWater use and drainageExtensive afforestationLand abandonmentTourism
Human outcome
Demographic changeNature conservationpolicyEconomical restructuringChange in propertysystem
Society - environmentrelationsin Kiskunság,CentralHungary
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
• Discussion with the stakeholders on their demand
Steps of the Kiskunság case studies
• Modeling the effect of past, present and planned land use management on ecosystem service indicators
• Evaluation of optional changes in ecosystem services applying community involvement
• Participation in communication and conflict management• Providing recommendations related to management options
and changes in regulation
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
• Discussion with the stakeholders on their demand
Steps of the Kiskunság case studies
• Modeling the effect of past, present and planned land use management on ecosystem service indicators
• Evaluation of optional changes in ecosystem services applying community involvement
• Participation in communication and conflict management• Providing recommendations related to management options
and changes in regulation
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT: ecosystem modeling
Conflictmanage-ment
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem models
Outputparameters
Ecosystem serviceindicators
e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management
s-Servicescommunication, problem solving
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT: ecosystem modeling
Conflictmanage-ment
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem models
Outputparameters
Ecosystem serviceindicators
e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management
s-Servicescommunication, problem solving
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)CICES V4.3 at the ‘three digit level’
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT: ecosystem modeling
Conflictmanage-ment
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem models
Outputparameters
Ecosystem serviceindicators
e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management
s-Servicescommunication, problem solving
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Biome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI
Daily/Annual Variable type ID TYPE VARIABLE NAME UNITDAILY daily meteorological variables 0 metv metv.prcp (0) precipitation cmDAILY daily meteorological variables 3 metv metv.tavg (3) daily average temperature oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 6 metv metv.tsoil (6) daily soil temperature, avg, top 10 cm oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 15 metv metv.par (15) photosynthetically active radiation W/m2
DAILY daily meteorological variables 18 metv metv.co2 (18) atmospheric concentration of CO2 ppmDAILY daily meteorological variables 19 metv metv.dayl (19) daylength sDAILY water state variables 20 ws ws.soilw (20) water stored in soil kgH2O/m2
DAILY water flux variables 38 wf wf.canopyw_evap (38) evaporation from canopy kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 40 wf wf.snoww_subl (40) sublimation from snowpack kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 42 wf wf.soilw_evap (42) evaporation from soil kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 43 wf wf.soilw_trans (43) transpiration kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 44 wf wf.soil.outflow (44) outflow kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY carbon state variables 50 cs cs.leafc (50) leaf C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 53 cs cs.frootc (53) fine root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 56 cs cs.livestemc (56) live stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 59 cs cs.deadstemc (59) dead stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 62 cs cs.livecrootc (62) live coarse root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 65 cs cs.deadcrootc(65) dead coarse root C kgC/m2
BioVel
Society: decision making
Science, IT: ecosystem modeling
Conflictmanage-ment
Ecosystem services
Ecosystem models
Outputparameters
Ecosystem serviceindicators
e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management
s-Servicescommunication, problem solving
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Biome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI
Daily/Annual Variable type ID TYPE VARIABLE NAME UNITDAILY daily meteorological variables 0 metv metv.prcp (0) precipitation cmDAILY daily meteorological variables 3 metv metv.tavg (3) daily average temperature oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 6 metv metv.tsoil (6) daily soil temperature, avg, top 10 cm oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 15 metv metv.par (15) photosynthetically active radiation W/m2
DAILY daily meteorological variables 18 metv metv.co2 (18) atmospheric concentration of CO2 ppmDAILY daily meteorological variables 19 metv metv.dayl (19) daylength sDAILY water state variables 20 ws ws.soilw (20) water stored in soil kgH2O/m2
DAILY water flux variables 38 wf wf.canopyw_evap (38) evaporation from canopy kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 40 wf wf.snoww_subl (40) sublimation from snowpack kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 42 wf wf.soilw_evap (42) evaporation from soil kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 43 wf wf.soilw_trans (43) transpiration kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 44 wf wf.soil.outflow (44) outflow kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY carbon state variables 50 cs cs.leafc (50) leaf C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 53 cs cs.frootc (53) fine root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 56 cs cs.livestemc (56) live stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 59 cs cs.deadstemc (59) dead stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 62 cs cs.livecrootc (62) live coarse root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 65 cs cs.deadcrootc(65) dead coarse root C kgC/m2
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
SUGGESTED OUTPUT VARIABLES TO COMPOSE FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICE INDICATORSBiome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI
Daily/Annual Variable type ID TYPE VARIABLE NAME UNITDAILY daily meteorological variables 0 metv metv.prcp (0) precipitation cmDAILY daily meteorological variables 3 metv metv.tavg (3) daily average temperature oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 6 metv metv.tsoil (6) daily soil temperature, avg, top 10 cm oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 15 metv metv.par (15) photosynthetically active radiation W/m2
DAILY daily meteorological variables 18 metv metv.co2 (18) atmospheric concentration of CO2 ppmDAILY daily meteorological variables 19 metv metv.dayl (19) daylength sDAILY water state variables 20 ws ws.soilw (20) water stored in soil kgH2O/m2
DAILY water flux variables 38 wf wf.canopyw_evap (38) evaporation from canopy kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 40 wf wf.snoww_subl (40) sublimation from snowpack kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 42 wf wf.soilw_evap (42) evaporation from soil kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 43 wf wf.soilw_trans (43) transpiration kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY water flux variables 44 wf wf.soil.outflow (44) outflow kgH2O/m2/d
DAILY carbon state variables 50 cs cs.leafc (50) leaf C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 53 cs cs.frootc (53) fine root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 56 cs cs.livestemc (56) live stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 59 cs cs.deadstemc (59) dead stem C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 62 cs cs.livecrootc (62) live coarse root C kgC/m2
DAILY carbon state variables 65 cs cs.deadcrootc(65) dead coarse root C kgC/m2
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
CICES Ecosystem services Ecosystem serviceindicatorsSection Division Group
ProvisioningMaterials Biomass/Fibre
WOODEnergy Biomass
Provisioning Materials BiomassANPP
Regulation Maintenance Climate regulation
Provisioning Material Water
AETRegulation Mediation Liquid flows
Regulation Maintenance Water conditions
Regulation Maintenance Climate regulation
BioVel
• Time frame: • Yearly data• Average of 1961-1990 , average of 30 yr periods
Biome-BGC output Ecosystem Services Indicators
• Yearly sums and/or yearly maxima of parameters
• Sums, differences of ratios of parameters
• Standard deviation of parameters
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Ecosystem service indicator (ESI)
BIOME-BGC paramer(s) Calculation
WOODAnnual wood incrementkgC/m2
Annual outputs:lifestemcdeadstemc
IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 1WoodC(yr) = livestemc[yr] + deadstemc[yr]AnnWoodC(yr) = WoodC(yr) – WoodC(yr-1)
GRASSYearly maximum of grasss production kgC/m2
Daily output:leafc
IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 0GRASS_mx(yr) = MAX(leafc[yr])GRASS_mx_yearday(yr) = yearday[GRASS_mx(yr)]
CROPYearly production kgC/m2
Daily output:leafc
IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 0GRASS_mx(yr) = MAX(leafc[yr])GRASS_mx_yearday(yr) = yearday[GRASS_mx(yr)]
BioVel
Outline
• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC
parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Ecosystem service indicator (ESI)
BIOME-BGC paramer(s) Calculation
ANPPAnnual net primary productionkgC/m2/yr
Daily output:daily_npp AnnNPP(yr) = SUM(daily_npp[yearday1 …
yearday365])
TACSTotal average carbon stockkgC/m2
Annual output:totalc
TACS_AvgPrior30(yr) = AVERAGE (totalc[yr-29 … yr])
AETAnnual evapotranspirationkgH2O/m2/yr
Annual outputs:canopyw_evapsnoww_sublsoilw_evapsoilw_trans
AnnET(yr) = canopyw_evap[yr] + snoww_subl[yr] + soilw_evap[yr] + soilw_trans[yr]
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Ecosystem service indicator (ESI)
BIOME-BGC paramer(s) Calculation
DECOMPLitter and CWD annual decomposition ratekgC/m2/yr
Annual output:litr1c_to_soil1c litr2c_to_soil2c litr3c_to_soil3c
AnnDECOMP(year) = litr1c_to_soil1c[yr] + litr2c_to_soil2c[yr] + litr3c_to_soil3c[yr]
HUMIFHumification in the soilkgC/m2/yr
Annual output:soil3c_to_soil4c
HUMIF_AvgPrior30(yr) = AVERAGE (soil3c_to_soil4c[yr-29 … yr])
LIVEBIOLive biomass: proxy for cleansing potentialkgC/m2
Daily outputs:leafcfrootclivestemclivecrootc
AnnLIVEBIO(yr) = leafc[yr] + frootc[yr] + livestemc[yr] + llivecrootc[yr]
BioVel
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Ecosystem service indicator (ESI)
BIOME-BGC paramer(s) Calculation
DESDWODamping of Ecosystem Daily Water Outflow
Daily outputs:prcpsoilw_outflow
PRCP_DailyStd(yr) = STD (prcp[yearday1 … yearday365]) OF_DailyStd(yr) = STD (soilw_outflow[yearday1 … yearday365])DESDWO(yr) = PRCP_DailyStd(yr) / OF_DailyStd(yr)
SOILPROTLiving and dead biomass protecting the soil against erosionkgC/m2
Daily output:leafc frootclivecrootcdeadcrootccwdclitr1c (?) litr2clitr3clitr4c
ProtBiomass(daily) = leafc + frootc + livecrootc + deadcrootc + cwdc + litr1c + litr2c + litr3c + litr4cProtBiomass_mn(yr) = MIN(ProtBiomass(daily)ProtBiomass_mn_yearday(yr) = yearday(ProtBiomass_mn(yr))
BioVel
Next steps
• Creating input parameter sets and test runs• Cross validation of critical output parameters• Preliminary evaluation of ecosystem services
indicators• Application ecosystem service indicators in case
studies
Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest
Thank you for your attention