AVENUES
THEIR HISTORY, IMPORTANCE AND THREAT
ANDTHEIR PLACE IN TODAY’S WORLD
Theodor Fontane Alleen – Grüne Haine des Reisens
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
The word "allée" first appeared in Charles Estienne in 1536 (published 1539).
It was introduced in Germany during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648);
in Sweden since 1663.
Probably the first drawing of a Central European Allee was found on a painting by Isaak van dem Blocke and refers to Gdansk in 1608.
2
Allegory of the Danzig trade, 1608
Quelle: Fischer, Hubertus (2006). Alleen literarisch – vom Barock bis zur Moderne. In: Lehmann, Ingo & Rohde, Michael (Hrsg.). Alleen in Deutschland- Bedeutung, Pflege, Entwicklung. Edition Leipzig, S. 64-69.
Willhelm Malte Fürst zu Putbus (1783-1854)
Putbus „die weiße Stadt“ - im klassizistischen Stil
Bernd Gerlich
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
200 years old – Lime tree avenue
Schloss Bothmer / Klützer Winkel
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
„ästhetisch aufgeschmückte“ Garten- und Parkanlagen von Peter Joseph Lenné (1789-1866)
Schlosspark in Ludwigslust
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
Use of fruit trees
Birnenallee in Lützow Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
•
Kopfweidenallee in Nordwestmecklenburg
Use of wood, twigs and leaves
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
For road safety
AVENUES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
• Natural and cultural value
• Part of regional and also
European landscape
• Highlight of our landscape
• Witness of regional history
• They filter air dust
AVENUES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
• They join up biotopes
• They are living areas for
animals
• Factor for tourism and
economy
1 Million Euros for 1 Kilometer1 Million Euros for 1 Kilometer
+ + Cultural valueCultural value
++ Contribution to biodiversityContribution to biodiversity
++ Contribution to air cleaningContribution to air cleaning
+ + Contribution to road safetyContribution to road safety
AVENUES AND THEIR THREAT
• Increasing traffic
• New road constructions
• Development of public
power and water supply
• Tree cutting
• Tree damage
• Exhaust fumes
• Agriculture
• Age
• Salt
• Disinterest
large wounds
collision damage
Working in the root zone -no manual digging!
AVENUES AND THEIR THREAT
VITALITY23,9 % 1996 „ significantly damaged“
(today presumably almost 50%,
SALT
road salt sensitive species: 62.4%
damage estimated: 1% per year, or about 9,000 trees
In at least 60% of all avenues of federal and state roads in MV (2048 km in 2010), many long gaps (> 100m)
(Ingo Lehmann, 2014)
.
14Dead trees along B109 Greifswald to Anklam
•
Foto: Marlies Preller
AVENUES AND THEIR THREAT
The demand for unlimited mobility
8000 fellings of trees along federal roads, state roads per year in M-V, most of them for reasons of safety obligations
Avenue register 1992-1996 in Mecklenburg-Pomerania
Legal protection of trees along roads
• Constitution of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Article 12
• §19 Statute of Nature in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
• Edict: Ministry of economy in collaboration with ministry of
environment; „New plantings of avenues and tree lines in
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania “ for federal roads and state
roads; 19.04.2002
• Edict: Ministry of environment „New plantings of avenues and tree
lines in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ” for smaller roads;
October 2007
• Alleenfonds
Legal protection of trees along roads
• DIN 18920 „Protection of trees, bushes and plants during building activity"
• RAS-LG 4 " Protection of trees, bushes and plants during road constructions "
- Hand digging
- Protection of the
tree trunk
- root curtains
- skilled experts
- 2048 km of the 5289 km of federal and state roads are tree lined avenues- 93.687 trees planted between 1996-2010- 38 % of the current avenues consist of young avenue trees- 2010 – 31 individual projects with planting of 7000 trees = 68 km and € 2.8 mill
Regeneration of an avenue with long gaps
Quelle: State office of road traffic
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
L 241 Röbel – DambeckGap planting at 4.5 km
Quelle: Straßenbauamt Neustrelitz
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
L 12 Rethwisch – Bad Doberan
Dr. Sven Reiter, Straßenbauamt Güstrow – Vorstellung aktueller Alleenplanzungen BUND-Tagung am 07.11.12 in Güstrow:
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
1. Protection of the old trees
- Abidance of constitution, statute, edicts, regulations
- Improve control and request for tenders
- No road salt in old avenues – avenue friendly winter sevice
2. High quality of new plantings
- Abidance of the edicts in respect of numbers to
plant and quality and payment into the funds
- Development of local concepts
- Protection strip along the field side
- Proved qualification of the staff
Demands of the BUND for sustainable development of the avenues
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
• Meetings and Workshops (get to know each
others problems)
• Public relations for regional concepts
including
financial programs
• Cooperation with authorities in planning
road construction projects
• Conducting educational campaigns for trees
Activities of the Bund
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
Cooperation with authorities in planning road construction projects – Sternberg – Groß Raden L 141
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
L 141 Sternberg – Groß Raden
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
International Conference4th November 2015 in Güstrow
Conferences, Meetings and
Workshops
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
Quality control
Conducting educational campaigns for trees
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WActivities of the Bund
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
Conducting educational campaigns for trees
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WActivities of the Bund
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
2900
Since 3rd May 1993 – Deutsche Alleenstraße ellin (Rügen) - Bodensee
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