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ASME B31.3 Process Piping Course 5. Valve Selection

BECHT ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC. Valve Selection - 1

ASME B31.3 Process Piping

Charles Becht IV, PhD, PE Don Frikken, PE

Instructors


1. Establish applicable system standard(s)2. Establish design conditions3. Make overall piping material decisions

Pressure ClassReliabilityMaterials of construction

4. Fine tune piping material decisionsMaterialsDetermine wall thicknessesValves

5. Establish preliminary piping system layout & support configuration

6. Perform flexibility analysis7. Finalize layout and bill of materials8. Fabricate and install9. Examine and test

Piping Development Process



5. Valve SelectionCode RequirementsSelection by Valve Type

GateGlobeCheckButterflyBallPlug


The Material in This Section is Addressed by B31.3 in:

Chapter IV - Standards for Piping Components



Code RequirementsListed Valves

Can be used within their pressure-temperature ratings and any additional limitations described in the CodeExcept that bolted bonnets secured by fewer than 4 bolts or a U-bolt may only be used in Category D Fluid Service.

[307]


Code RequirementsUnlisted Valves can be used within Code limitations if they:

have dimensions that “conform to those of comparable listed components insofar as practicable”“provide strength and performance equivalent to standard components”, andsatisfy one of the following:• pressure-temperature ratings established by the method

described in Annex F of ASME B16.34, or• are qualified for pressure design as required by para.

304.7.2.



Selection by Valve TypeGateGlobeCheckButterflyBallPlug


Gate ValveFrom

API 603



Gate Valve

Bonnets

FromBonneyStockhamMilwaukee

Bolted

Welded

Screwed

Union


Gate Valve

Bonnets

Pressure Seal Body to Bonnet Joint



Gate ValveStems

FromStockham

Outside Screwand Yoke (OS&Y)

Inside Screw Non-rising Stem


Gate Valve AttributesOn-off applications (Not considered suitable for throttling)Works as well with flow from either directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditionsCan be made fire resistant and blow-out resistantAvailable in any sizeBlocked-in volume when the valve is closedAlmost always leaks through the seat



Globe Valve

FromVogt


Globe Valve

Straight-pattern Globe with Pressure-seal Bonnet (Ramondi)

Angle Globe(Vogt)

Y-Pattern Globe(Vogt)



Needle Instrument

ValveMSS-SP-105

From Vogt


Globe Valve AttributesSuitable for on-off applications and throttlingWorks best with flow from one directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditionsCan be made fire resistant and blow-out resistantAvailable in sizes up to about NPS 14No blocked-in volume when the valve is closedAlmost always leaks through the seat, but less than a gate valve



Check ValveSwing(Ramondi)

Lift(Vogt)

Tilting Disk(ORBINOX)

CenterlineGuided

Disk(Durabla)


Dual-Plate Wafer Check Valves

Lug Body Wafer (API 594)

Wafer & Lug Bodies (Mueller)



Check Valve AttributesWorks only with flow from one directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditionsCan be made fire resistant and blow-out resistantAvailable in any sizeNo blocked-in volume when the valve is closedAlmost always leaks through the seat, but much more than a gate valve


Check Valve AttributesCheck valves check about 95% of the timeCheck valves can close suddenly when the flow is reversed, causing severe water hammer

ExcellentTilting Disk

ExcellentC/L Disk

GoodWafer

Severe (improved with spring return)Lift

Severe (improved with weight or spring)Swing

Slam CharacteristicsValve Type



Butterfly Valve –

Low Pressure

FromAPI 609

Category A


Butterfly Valve – Low Pressure

Wafer Body, PTFE Lined(Durco)

Lug Body(Contromatics)



Butterfly Valve – Low PressureSuitable for on-off applications and throttlingWorks as well with flow from either directionSuitable for use up to ~200°F (95°C), 150 psig (10 bar)Cannot be made fire resistant or blow-out resistantGenerally available NPS 3 and largerNo blocked-in volume when the valve is closedUsually does not leak through the seatCan be PTFE Lined


Butterfly Valve – High PressureFrom API 609 - Category B Double offset



Butterfly Valve – High PressureValve Seats

PTFE Seat(Xomox)

FireResistantSeat(Xomox)

FireResistant

Seat(Contromatics)

Double offset


Butterfly Valve – High PressureSuitable for on-off applications and throttlingGenerally works as well with flow from either directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditions, but PTFE seats limited to ~400°F (200°C)Can be made fire resistant and blow-out resistantGenerally available NPS 3 and largerNo blocked-in volume when the valve is closedUsually does not leak through the seat



Ball Valve

FromAPI 608

FloatingBall,End

Entry


Ball Valve

FromAPI 608

TrunnionMounted,

TwoPiece



Ball Valve

End EntryOval Handle

(Contromatics)

Two PieceLever Handle(Contromatics)


Ball Valve

Top Entry Three Piece (Swing-out)(Contromatics)



Ball Valve

Two Piece, Fully Lined (Xomox)


Ball Valve AttributesOn-off applications (not considered suitable for throttling)Works as well with flow from either directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditions,but PTFE seats limited to ~400 °F (200°C)Can be made fire resistant and blow-out resistantAvailable in any sizeBlocked-in volume when the valve is closedUsually does not leak through the seat



Plug ValveFrom API 599

Lubricated

Sleeve Lined


Plug Valve

Fully Lined

(Durco) API 599



Plug Valve AttributesOn-off applications and non-severe throttlingWorks as well with flow from either directionSuitable for use in wide range of conditions,but PTFE seats limited to ~400 °F (200°C)Can be made fire resistant (only lubricated type) and blow-out resistantGenerally available up to ~NPS 12Blocked-in volume when the valve is closedUsually does not leak through the seat


Valve Selection WorkshopWhat valve attributes and block, throttle and check valve types would you select for the following services:

Steam condensateDry chlorine liquidSulfuric acidGasoline650 psig (45 bar) SteamHeat transfer oilStyrene monomerLime/water slurry