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HCL Technologies Ltd.
An Introduction to theA S/400 / iSeri es / i5 Mid-Rang e Sys tem
(Part 1)
Joy Patnaik
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Agenda
Introduction to AS/400, iSeries and i5
Getting Help Commands and Nomenclature of Commands Objects
Signing-On
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What is an AS/400? Application System/400 - mid-range
application system from IBM Mid-Range - Between microcomputers and mainframe computers in
terms of processing speed, storage capacity and the number of users
that can be supported at once.
Expansion of S/38 architecture Also provided application program compatibility with S/36.
Provides robust support for Multi-user,multi-tasking, security, availability andease of operation
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History of AS/400 AS/400 - result of the Silver Lake project at
IBMs Rochester centre (1988) Jul 1969 IBM introduces S/3 (System 3) IBM makes its debut in systems
smaller than mainframes Jan 1975 IBM introduces S/32 32 KB RAM, 13 MB HDD, KBD, Monitor of
240 characters (6 lines x 40 col) Apr 1977 IBM introduces S/34 256 KB RAM, 14 GB HDD, multiple
workstation support, support for printers, max 8 local users at a time Oct 1978 IBM introduces S/38 Architecture change, 32 MB RAM, 14 GB
HDD, 256 local workstations May 1983 IBM introduces S/36 7 MB RAM, 1.4 GB HDD, 72 local
workstations Jun 1988 IBM introduces the first AS/400 (AS stands for Application System,Expansion of S/38 architecture, Provided Application compatibility with S/36)
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History continues Enhanced Series or e-series
1994 development began Foresaw potential of Internet Announced August 1997 New n-way processors up to 12-way First package machine
A server configured and preloaded with SAPsoftware
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Moving from AS/400 to iSeries,then to i5
iSeries name introduced in 2000 i5 name introduced in 2004
Based on 64-bit microprocessor (POWER5) From OS/400 to i5/OS V5R3 From DB2/400 to DB2 UDB for iSeries Run i5/OS, Linux, Windows and UNIX (AIX) on a
single server Enables server consolidation aided by legendary availability
Capacity On-Demand (CoD) Computingresources permanent and temporary for immediate and future needs
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Why does a company use an AS/400?
Cost effective Reliable Easily upgraded as business grows
Supports state-of-the-art technology Doesnt require a large support staff Fully integrated hardware and software
components database,security, communication and internet components
Technology-Independent (TIMI)
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System Architecture - 1 Single-Level Storage
No distinction between disk storage (DASD) and main memory One large storage area combining disk storage (DASD) and main
memory = single address space = Single-level storage.
Object must be in memory to use or operate on OS/400 enjoys very large virtual memory. This enables programs andusers asking for data by name / pointer and not by address (Capability-based addressing scheme)
Technology Independent Machine
Interface (TIMI) Enables business to exploit changes to hardware and softwaretechnology without causing disruption to existing applications
Technology neutral architecture (more details in next slide) Application does not deal with storage device specifics
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System Architecture - 2
AS/400 machine - defined as a softwareinterface in a Layered Architecture
HLL (High-Level Language programs)
ISS (Integrated System Services) / OS/400 MI (Machine Interface) Defines a logical (rather than
physical) machine LIC (Licensed Internal Code) / VMC (Vertical Microcode) /
IMPI (Internal Machine Program Instruction) / Operating
System Supervisor Insulates higher layers from anyhardware change SLIC (System Licensed Internal Code) / HMC (Horizontal
Microcode) True microcode (control solid state circuits) Solid State Hardware
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System Overview
Application Software Application Software
OS/400 OS/400
Machine Interface (MI) Machine Interface (MI)
Vertical LicensedInternal Code (VLIC)
System LicensedInternal Microprocessor
Interface(IMPI)
Internal Code(SLIC)
Horizontal LicensedInternal Code (HLIC)
Object Based Kernel
HardwareCISC Processor
48-bit Addressing
HardwareRISC Processor
64-bit Addressing
AS/400 ArchitectureUsed in
48-bit CISC-basedSystems
AS/400 ArchitectureUsed in
64-bit PowerPC RISC-based Systems
T 1.1 - AS/400 layered software architecture .
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AS/400 Features - 1
Several choices of models can balance between requirement and financial budget.
64-bit processor 64-bit memory addressing means large working storage memory provides enhanced arithmetic capabilities
OS/400 Object-based OS
Hot-Plugging Add or Remove an I/O device/card without shutting down the server
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AS/400 Features - 2
Single Level Storage Auxiliary storage is treated as an extension of the working storage OS/400 enjoys very large virtual memory
Integrated RDBMS DB2/400 provides a high level of security as the control to DB2/400 is
controlled by OS/400
Double Byte Character Set Allows users to generate characters more than EBCDICs usual set AS/400 is used to represent more than 50 languages in the world
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AS/400 Features - 3
Most secured operating system of industry Various logs and Audit trails makes system C2 level secured.
LPAR Logical Partitioning offers multiple environments on same server User can run Windows NT, LINUX
Multi-threaded environment Multiple subsystems manage concurrent jobs.
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AS/400 Key Advantage
Software Applications do not have to bechanged or recompiled with the operatingsystem changes and/or hardwarechanges.
No-pain transition from older OS/400 versions to laterversions
No-pain transition from older CISC (Complex Instruction SetComputing) microprocessor architecture to newer RISC
(Reduced Instruction Set Computing) architecture in 1995CISC
Instruction length variableRISC
Equal instruction lengthFrom 48-byte to 64-byte word size
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IBM AS/400 Help F1 = HELP Field-level Help Extended Help Info Centre of IBM
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/iseries/v5r3/index.jsp?topic=/rzahg/rzahgictoc.htm
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Naming of Commands - 1
Based on English!Combination of Verb and Noun
CRTLIB
LibraryCreate
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Naming of Commands - 2
Typically start with the following verbs:
CL Verb English DescriptionCALL Call Executes a programGO Go to Executes a MenuCPY Copy Copies a fileCRT Create Creates an objectDSP Display Displays something about an
objectWRK Works With Works with an object
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Naming of Commands - 3
Some typical nouns
CL Noun English DescriptionLIB Library Object that holds ObjectsLIBL Library List List of Libraries for a JobOUTQ Output Queue Object that stores Spool FilesJOBQ Job Queue Object that stores Batch Jobs to
be processed
FD File Desc Description of fileF File Object that stores dataUSRPRF User Profile Object that lists attributes about
a Sign On Id
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Command Help
How do I find the exact syntax (including keywords) of acommand?
Answer: Use AS400 MenusUse AS400 Prompts (F4)
by pressing F4 at a Command lineby typing command and pressing F4
How do I find the Keywords to a command?
Answer: Type the command and press F4
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CL Commands (Examples) AS400 Menus
Menu Description
MAIN Main MenuPROGRAM Programmers MenuMAJOR Sorts CommandsCMDCPY Copy CommandsCMDDSP Display CommandsCMDWRK Work With CommandsCMDLIB Library CommandsCMDMSG Message CommandsCMDOUTQ Output Queue CommandsCMDUSRPRF User Profile Commands
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* (Asterix)
When used before an AS/400 word,indicates that the word is a special value.
eg. CRTLIB LIB(MOOGK1) TYPE(*TEST)
When used at the end of a word,indicates a generic combination of alphanumerics (wildcards).
eg. WRKLIB SIMON*
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Use of the ?
Entering a command to see all possiblevalues for a parameter.
F4 does the same
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What is an Object?
OS/400 objectis a named unitexists (occupies space) in storageoperations are performed on it by the operating
system.
Has a Description
Has an Object Type
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Object Structure
Object name, type, owner, library,etc.
ObjectHeader
PortionThis could be a files data,program statements, etc.
FunctionPortion of Object
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Object Types
Object Type is assigned to the Object attime of creation
eg. CRTLIB creates objects with a type of *LIB
Certain types of commands only workwith certain types of Object Types
eg. DSPUSRPRF
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Object Types - Examples
*CMD Command*LIB Library
*FILE File*PGM Program
(These and other Object Types will be covered in more detail
in later sessions. For now think of Objects as the basic buildingblocks of the AS/400. Anything that isexistent on the AS/400 including anything that you create for an application - is anObject)
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Object Attributes
*FILE
Physical Logical Display Printer ICF
Source Data Screen Menu
Members
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Common Features of an
Object - 1Each object has a nameEach object has a set of attributes that
describe itSpecific values are assigned for those attributesGenerally, objects are independent of all
other objects.However, some objects must be created before other
objects can be created;For example, a logical file cannot be created if the physical
file it must be based on does not exist.
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Common Features of an
Object - 2Objects must be created before other
operations that use the object are
performed.Objects have either a simple, qualified,or generic name.
Will be covered in more detail in subsequent sessions
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Storing Objects - 1
All non-Library objects are stored inLibraries (containers of objects)
Special Rule : QSYS library contains all other libraries
Some objects cannot be stored in user-provided libraries.
Example : *AUTL (Authorization List)
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Storing Objects - 2
When a user creates an object and alibrary qualifier can be specified but is
not, the object is stored in the user'scurrent job library.The user profile for each user specifies the user's current
library.The current library will be QGPL if it is not specified
otherwise.
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Client Access Windows-based software to access the
AS/400 Simulates 5250 terminals of the AS/400 Has 24 function keys
F1-F12 and Shift-F1 thru Shift-F12
Can be customized for keys
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The Sign-on Screen First level of security Keeps out unauthorized people
Requires valid user-id and password Can specify initial program to execute (andwhere to pick-up that program from)
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The Sign-on Screen
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Main Menu
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Major Menu
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Verb Menu
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Clear Commands Menu
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Clear Physical File Command
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? in Member Parameter
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Definition of the Member
Parameter (Field Level Help)
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Definition of the CLRPFM
Command (Extended Help)
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CL Syntax
Command-name
(space) parameter
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Commands not Requiring
ParametersWRKJOBWRKACTJOBWRKSBMJOB
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Keyword vs Positional
NotationKeyword
WRKOUTQ OUTQ(PRT01)
CRTLIB LIB(MOOGK10) +TEXT(Cindys Library) Positional
WRKOUTQ PRT01
CRTLIB MOOGK10 *PROD CindysLibrary
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System Request - 1System Request
System: BIGBLUESelect one of the following:
1. Display sign on for alternative job2. End previous request3. Display current job4. Display messages5. Send a message6. Display system operator messages7. Display work station user
10. Start system request at previous system11. Transfer to previous system
13. Start system request at home system14. Transfer to home system
90. Sign offMore...
Selection ______
F3=Exit F12=Cancel(C) COPYRIGHT IBM CORP. 1980, 1998.
Figure 2.4 System Request Menu
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System Request - 2Option #1 This option displays a sign on screen for an
alternative job. After signing on to an alternative job, you can than use this option to toggle between your primary and secondary job. (Note:only one session is active at a time.)
Option #2 This message CANCELs your previous command(action).
Option #3 This option allows you to display your current jobinformation.
Option #4 This option allows you to display messages thathave been sent to you.
Option #5 This option allows you to send a message.Option #6 This option lets you display message on the
QSYSOPR (the system operators) messagequeue.
Option #7 This option allows you to display informationabout the jobs running from your workstation.
Option#10, 11,13, and 14
These options apply to networks of systems andmay not be displayed on your system.
Option #90 This option allows you to sign-off of the session.
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AS/400 Operations
OS400 Command Structure
Message Handling
Managing Devices
Handling Spooled Files and Printing Functions Operating System, Licensed Program Products, and PTFs
Security
Starting and Stopping the AS400
Work Management and Performance
Working with Jobs Basic Troubleshooting, Problem solving, and Using Electronic Customer Support
Subsystems
h AS/400 i G
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/OS400%20Command%20Structure.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Message%20Handling.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Managing%20Devices.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Handling%20Spooled%20Files%20and%20Printing%20Functions.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Operating%20System,%20Licensed%20Program%20Products,%20and%20PTFs.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Security.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Starting%20and%20Stopping%20the%20AS400.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Work%20Management%20and%20Performance.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Working%20with%20Jobs.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Basic%20Troubleshooting,%20Problem%20solving,%20and%20Using%20Electronic%20Customer%20Support.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Subsystems.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Subsystems.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Basic%20Troubleshooting,%20Problem%20solving,%20and%20Using%20Electronic%20Customer%20Support.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Working%20with%20Jobs.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Work%20Management%20and%20Performance.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Starting%20and%20Stopping%20the%20AS400.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Security.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Operating%20System,%20Licensed%20Program%20Products,%20and%20PTFs.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Handling%20Spooled%20Files%20and%20Printing%20Functions.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Managing%20Devices.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/Message%20Handling.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/OS400%20Command%20Structure.ppt7/27/2019 AS400 - An Introduction (Part 1)
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The AS/400 is GreenScreen Usually !
Green screen v.s. GUI (Graphical User Interface You cant point and click! You must use the TAB keys to go from field to field
In recent OS versions, GUI interfaceshave been made easier to implement