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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
APPENDIX C: Prompts f()r face-to-face monologic tasks
゜ Narrative task-Story telling
Written an d orat instruction
あなたはイラストの主人公になったつもりで、4コマ全ての状況に触れてストーリーを
作り、英語で説明をしてください。英語の質問文を聞いてください。2分の準備時間で、
ストーリーを組み立ててください(準備時間がいらない人は、【REC】ボタンを押して録
音してください)。英語で声に出して言い、録音してください。〈開始時間まで20秒が
あります〉
Video」prompt(voice from an American female in video):
一一xou look happy, what happ ened?
JVritten」prompt:
團==asなた
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
・Opinion task-Discussion W ith a graph
学生は、毎日、新聞を読むべきだ、という意見があります。英語で、賛成か反対の立場と自
分の意見や理由を説明してください。その際にグラフの内容にも触れてください。3分の準
備時間で、自分の考えをまとめてください(準備時間がいらない人は、 【REC】ボタンを押し
て録音してください)。英語で声に出して言い、録音してください。
Mrirten prompt:
駕から社会情勢の知識を得ているか
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
APPENDIX E: Questionnaires in English
Questionnaire 1:Feedback sheet on each test
This questionnaire includes questions conceming your perception ofthe speaking test
you’ve just taken. The results ofthe questionnaire will be reported in only group fbrms
fbr research purposes.
Name: Gender:1.Female 2. Male SchooYMajor:
Please choose the number that indicates the extent to which you agree or disagree with
each ofthe fbllowing statements.
①Strongly disagree②1)isagree③Neutral④Agree⑤Strongly agree
l. 1 felt nervous when 1 was taking the test.
2. Ifeel this test was difficult.
3. 1 feel the test was fair.
4. Ilike the fbrmat ofthe test.
5. The test reflects accurately how well 1 speak English.
Questionnaire 2:Feedback sheet on test preparation
Please compare the two speaking tests you have taken and answer the following
questions by choosing one answer. Also, please give specific comments for your
choice on each question in the fbllowing blank space.
①Computer-delivered speal血9 test②B・th・the・same③Face-to-face・test
1. Which test did you feel more nervous taking?
2. Which test did you find more difficult?
3. Which test did you feel was fairer?
4. Which test do you like better?
5. Which test do you think reflected your English level more accurately?
6. Which type o f test do you prefer to take in the fUture?
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
APPENDIx F: Questionnaires in Japanese
Questionnaire 1:Feedback sheet on each test
このアンケートは、今回受けていただいたスピーキング・テストに関する質問です。アンケー
ト結果は、英語教育研究のためだけに使用されます。すべてのデータは統計的処理されますの
で、個人を特定できる形で結果が公表されることがありません。
・名前: 性別:1.女性 2.男性 学校/専攻:
・質問を読み、以下の選択肢の中から最も適切なものを選んでください。
①全くそう思わない②そう思わない③どちらとも言えない④そう思う
⑤強くそう思う
1.テスト中、緊張を感じた。
2.このテストは難iしかった。
3.このテストは、公平だと思う。
4.このテストの問題形式が好きである。
5.このテストで、私の英語のスピ・一・一一・キングカを正確に測れていると思う。
Questionnaire 2:Feedback sheet on test comparison
以下は、受けていただいた対面式のテストとパソコンでのテストの比較に関する質問です。以
下の選択肢から一一つ適切なものを選んでください。各質問に続く空白スペースで具体的な理由
もお書きください。
①パソコンでのテスト②ほとんど変わらない③対面式のテスト
1.どちらのテストが、より緊張を感じましたか?
2.どちらのテストが、より難しいと感じましたか?
3.どちらのテストが、公平だと思いますか?
4.どちらのテストが、好きですか?
5.どちらのテストが、より正確にあなたの英語スピーキングカを測れると思いますか?
6.もし、今後あるスピーキング・テストを受ける際に、テスト方法を選択できるとしたら、ど
ちらのテストを選択しますか?
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
APPENDIX H: Examples of transcripts of examinees, speech sample
Notes:
・ID:No._Mode_Test-taking order_School type_Gender
No.:##
Mode:Computer(C);Face-to-face(F)
Test-taking order:Computer test first/face-to-face test second(A);
Face-to-face first/computer test second(B)
School type:University(U);High school(H)
Gender:Male(m);Female(f)
・(##)represents the length ofpause time in seconds.
Low-proficiency group
Narrative task
01FAUfIactive the speech contest. It’s so good uh it was so very good. But I couldn’t win. My
teacher said me very good.1’m glad I’mglad I was glad.(3)Um so eito(5)1(2)Igave
the award. So very happy.
01CAUfIactive the speech contest.1(2)it’s(3)it was good. But I couldn’t win.(21)But my
teacher is was(2)good good say good to me say good to me.
02FAUfIattend speech contest. I uh I(2)my speech is very good. But don’t did not winner.
But teacher teacher says you are very good.
02CAUfIgo to speech contest.(4)II(4)speech is good. But not win. But teacher say you are
great.
03FBUfToday(2)IIspeech I(2)today speech contest went to went to.(2)And I(2)Ispeak
speech contest(2)but(4)but(4)not win(4). But I(3)1(3)uh(5)Ispeak to(6)speech
contester.(4)And(3)he is well me.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
03CBUfToday I went to speech contest. But I don’t I don’t win I didn’t win(4). I say my
teacher fbr(3)good.(3)Teacher say you look well. So I I didn’t win. But I am glad(2)
Iam glad.(3)1.
04FBUfIentered speech contest. Um(3)Ispeak English.(8)Eito this speech(8)good speech.
But(7)number one is another people.
04CBUfIIentered speech contest.(2)My speech is very good. But number one is another
people.(3)But teacher told me your speech is very good. Because I’m very happy.
Opinion task
OlFAUfI think(2)reading a newspaper(2)is necessary to students.(2)Almo st students get the
news on TV. But I think it’s so good.(15)Watching TV and(2)watching TV is uh
watching TV(7)they get the news on TV.(12)Uh eito they get uh they can get news.
(7)It’s good.
01CAUfI think(2)reading newspaper is necessary fbr students. But(3)students say uh fifty six
percent ofstudent TV television.(4)1 think that’s good.(9)They get(4)they get some
news(4)they can get some news.(10)That’s good.
02FAUfI don’t agree because 1 think telebi television is is better than newspaper.
02CAUfIagree this(2)because(4)newspaper is(5)1 can know news.(3)Television(3)is not
fbr(3)newspaper.
03FBUfMy(3)opinion is(3)yes. But I read newspaper(7)every day not.(3)1(6)Iwatch
television(3)music(4)learn(2)English.(4)Intemet is(5)intemet have not my home.
But(3)school(2)have intemet.(4)Iuse intemet at school.(12)1(4)Iwill.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
03CBUfIdon’t read newspaper.(3)But my opinion is yes(5). I often watching TV(17)II
watching TV. So(2)many news get on TV. Intemet don’t have my home.(2)So I
don’t use.
04FBUfIdisagree because to today(4)eito I get infbrmation television or intemet.(3)Um
newspaper is difficult.(4)Re read eito(8)um but television is(3)is(6)um(19)
television um television is television eito see watch watch every day. Intemet use every
day. But newspaper(2)no eito(6)don’t see uh(6)chance not chance.
04CBUfI’mdisagree with because I(2)um I watch TV and intemet every day. I get
infbrmation television.(6)Inewspaper read difficult.(2)But television watch(10)
very easy. Eito intemet use(2)chance is many times.(2)And watch TV chance is
many times(6)uh newspaper(7)because I agree with.
Middle-proficiency group
Narrative task
05FAHmUh because uh today I had a speech contest. Uh I I I speeched(2)um some galleries uh
to my uh my opinions.(3)Uh I did my best.(2)Uh but I couldn’t win. Uh my next
person um my my next person won. Uh after speech contest uh one person uh told me
about um you are you are very nice.(3)so(3)um so I’m very.
05CAHmToday uh I had a speech contest. Uh I speeched everyone to my opinion. Uh after
speech contest uh everyone cheer uh everyone cheered me. Uh but I I didn’t won I
didn’t win. Uh my next person my next person won. Uh after speech contest(6)one
person makes me happy. Uh so that’s why I am very happy now.
06FAUfuh I had a speech today. There are a lot ofpeople uh in the hall. I made a speech. And I
was satisfied. But a man who next me took the prize won. But my teacher has satis
satisfied me. So I was happy.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
06CAUfI have a speech contest in front ofa lot ofpeople. Uh I could I was able to uh speech a
good speech. So I was satisfied. But uh I couldn’t win the contest. So but my teacher
was satisfied my speech.(2)So 1 was happy.
07FBUfIIspeak at the speech contest. And I thought I I could do my best. But the trophy uh
but I couldn’t get trophy. So I’mvery sad. But a man said to me y)u you you are nice.
So I’m very hapPy.
07CBUfIspoke at a speech contest. And uh m front of a lot of audiences and I think I can uh I
could do my best. And the audience gave me a lot ofclap. But the winning prize uh but
Icouldn’t get get a w丘ming prセe. So I feel very sad. But a man told me you are nice.
So I feel very hapPy.
08FBUmToday I join in the speech contest in my high school. Uh I did my best in the in my
speech. Uh but(4)um regretfU1 1 1 cannot win this speech contest. Um I am second
grade ofthe speech contest. But my teacher teacher said uh I did my best. Uh and you
are very good in your speech contest. So I’m happy so uh I’m very happy um uh yes.
08CBUmIparticipated the speech contest today. Uh I did my best in the speech contest. And uh
um the audience give gave me a very good. Um uh but I cannot win. Um boy next to
me uh won the game. I couldn’t win this speech contest. But my teacher said to me my
speech is so good. So uh I’mvery happy now.
Opinion task
05FAHmIdisagree this oP口lion(2)because uh(2)students uh students should students have no
time to read a newspaper.(2)Because um students uh students busy to study and club.
(5)Uh we can get news uh by TV and intemet and so on.(2)Uh uh why. Uh we can
get get a news uh by uh for example we can get a news uh while we have a dinner.(5)
Uh that’s why uh students need uh students(3)um(7)students uh don’t need(2)to
read a newspaper.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
05CAHmIagree this opinion uh because uh students have uh no time to read the newspaper. Uh
(3)we can(22)we can watch a TV while(5)we have dinner. Uh we can(5)uh we can
see the Intemet nowadays.(3)So(2)uh so we needn’t time to read a newspaper.
06FAUfIagrees with the topic. Almost student like television. Uh of course I really like
television. But uh we have to read the newspaper because uh I couldn’t write um
Japanese character. So I think probably I have to read the newspaper.(2)Then maybe I
um I’ll try to read the newspaper um because I want to write the many Japanese
character.
06CAUfIagree with the this topic. Uh(2)to read newspaper uh(2)Iget a lot of infbrmation.
So I really like television. But I can’t I notice that I can’t um write uh Japanese
characteric characters. So(2)my father said to me you have to you have to read the
newspaper. So since then um I have I have been reading the newspaper particularly jin
jinmei jinmei j inseieigo. So 1 have a lot of・information on(2)on the newspaper. I
recommend the news 1 recommend to read the newspaper. So all people all people
must read the newspaper I think.
07FBUfIcan’t agree with you because I think a lot of infbmlation is get on TV and Intenlet.
Besides we have not enough time to read the newspaper on moming. And we and the
PC is more easy to know than read the newspaper.(7)And we we(14)and intemet is
familiar with us than the newspaper.
07CBUfIcan’t agree to this opinion because we we had we hadn’t enough time to read a
newspaper on morning. And we can get information on TV and Internet.(3)So we
don’t have to read newspaper. And the tv is more(2)more better than read a
newspaper because tv is the TV make us more easy to understand. So I can’t agree to it
uh so I can’t agreeto it.
08FBUmIn my opinion students read the newspaper every day. Uh it is true that uh we can get
information from TV program or intemet or um. So that not but um um fbr example
TV pro gram uh um include a lot o f wrong information or uh. Um TV pro gram uh is
um um maybe comical or last uh(2)from the TV. We cannot uh get the information
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
correctly. Uh secondly uh from the internet uh um(2)intemet is always not always uh
correct information. Uh(2)in this point uh newspaper is better than intemet or TV
pro gram. Uh(2)newspaper has a lot o f information about so ciety or uh in Japan or
world society uh um um.
08CBUmUh there is a opinion that a student must read the newspaper every day. But I cannot
agree this point. Uh in my opinion uh we can get information fro m TV or internet. Uh I
mean uh(3)not from the newspaper we can get information. Uh um(3)we have a lot
oftools uh or means uh get infbrmation. Uh for example from the internet uh we can
get several information uh from all all over the world uh 1 mean uh for example uh in
the um(4)from the different country or from the different value. Um(8)so I ca皿ot
agree this uh stand.1 1 think students must get information from several tools.
High-pro血ciency group
Narrative task
09FBUfToday I have a speech contest in my uh college. Uh today I speak my um my my um
my um I speak about Japanese culture in the speech contest. Um I’mvery nervous. But
I’m 1 can speak um fluently. And so I’m I’m I think I I get a I had get a champion. But
my my 1 lo st the champio n. And my friends Tommy get the champion. But my teacher
say my spee my speech very good. So I can I’m very glad.
09CBUfToday I has speech contest in my university. I spoked very nervous. But I’m I’m
successed. I think I successed that my speech. But the the champion in the speech
contest is my friends Tom.1’mvery sad. But my teacher said my speech was very very
good. So I’m very glad. I could my speech very good. And I thought(2)next speech
contest I I will get the win.
10FBUfII get in interview. Um many people come. Um I I thought I could um speak interview
very well. But um I couldn’t get win trophy. Um but um my teacher said to me(6)you
can do it next.
10CBUfIhad speech um yesterday. Um I I spoke very well. Um but 1 can’t got reward.(2)But
my teacher said to me you can do it make oftime.(2)Iwas happy.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
11FAHfToday I had a speech contest in my school. I think I I did well. But I couldn’t get the
trophy. So I’mvery sad. But my English teacher said I did well. So I’m happy.
11CAHfToday I had speech contest in my school. I think I did well. But I can’t get trophy. But
my English teacher said I I did well. So I’mhappy.
12FAHmI took part in the speech contest. Uh I spoke as many things as I could. I I was nervous.
But I did my best. But I couldn’t uh won the first prize. I was disappointed. But my
English teacher said you you’re good. So I I’m happy.
12CAHmItook part in the speech contest.1’m I was very nervous. But I managed to speak. Uh I
couldn’t remember what what I said. But when 1 fmished everyo ne app lauded at me. I
think 1 thought 1 did my best. But I couldn’t won I couldn’t win the first prize. But my
English teacher said you are you are good.1 was very happy.
Opinion task
09FBUfIthink that students have to read um eito(2)newspaper every day because there are
three reasons for that. Um one reason is on the graph. Many students um watch
television. And I I watch too television every day. Today’s television have many
programs to know about the news um one day’s event. And very and television telebi
on the television news newscaster um speech um speech talk about the one day’sevent
very um easily. Um um 1 can understand easy. And and um today’s students um don’t
have the time to read newspaper in um every um on every morning becau se very busy.
So um 1 think um on television is very um easy to get about to get know about every
day’s news. And second reason is um um um today’s very um many students have
internet um PC personal computer to know about the um every day’s event by the
intemet um intemet. So we don’t have to read newspaper every day I thhユk um um
today um. And third reason is.
09CBUfIdon’t agree that students have to have to read newspaper every day because as you
㎞ow uh on the graph we can students can(3)can watch television and knows uh
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
social events. Uh forty six percent stu of students㎞ows(2)social event from
television. And today stu al almost of all the students have the personal computer and
to kno w to to search the internet and to kno w the social event s. And丘o m the intemet
we can knows news very quickly and instantly. Uh we can only um into take into the
words key words and search丘om the intemet. So we don’t have to students don’t have
to read newspaper every day I think.
10FBUfUm I thought students should read a newspaper every day um because um um reading
is important. Um there are um many things in newspaper. Um I can study political and
Japanese people many things. Um watch a TV is easy. But reading is important.(3)
Um I should read a newspaper every day um(5)every day.
10CBUfI think reading newspaper every day is good because o f reading newspaper is(4)good.
(5)Um I can um study um many many thing by reading newspaper.(4)Um but many
people get information by watching TV. Watching TV is also good. But only watching
TV is bad.1 thought uh reading newspaper and watching uh TV is both good.
11FAHfUm 1 don’t think so because we don’t have many time to read newspaper. And 1 think
we can get more information on TV. So 1’magainst that opinion.
11CAHfIdon’t think so because I don’t have not uh any time to read the newspaper. And I
think we can get information on TV more than a newspaper. So I don’t agree that
opmlon・
12FAHmIagree that uh students should read newspapers every day. Uh this graph says uh many
students watch TV to get information. But 1 think uh students inc luding me should read
newspaper. And because uh we should read many wor words. And(2)and we we
should(2)uh we should talk with people.(2)Uh we needs many communication.(2)
And(2)if if we if we don’t read newspaper(2)we we can’t write Jap uh Chinese
character.(3)And we can’t uh we can’t take a good grades uh about Japanese and.
12CAHmIagree the student read the newspaper every day. According to this graph the students
watch TV and use Intemet.(2)But they should read the newspaper. If they read the
newspaper they can get many infbrmation about the society. And they can talk with
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
their friends abou about it.(3)And recently any students(2)uh many students don’t
often read uh Chinese character.(2)So(2)they should read more Chinese character.
(5)And(5)reading reading Chinese characters is good good to study Japanese. So I
agree the student read the newspaper every day.
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東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
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147
ロ乃
東京外国語大学 博士学位論文 Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)