Amazon Web Services:
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
陳雪菁 [95C 資管組 P95747009]2008.03.27
Agenda
• Introduction• Amazon Web Services overview• Amazon EC2 is ….• Amazon EC2 Benefits• Typical Examples• Q & A
Amazon?
• Consumers (Buy)
• Associates, Sellers & Merchants (Sell)
• Developers (Innovate)
Issues Facing Developers
• 70% of Web Development Effort is “Muck”:– Data Centers– Bandwidth / Power / Cooling– Operations– Staffing
• Scaling is Difficult and Expensive:– Large Up-Front Investment– Invest Ahead of Demand– Load is Unpredictable
Solution: Web-Scale Computing
• Scale capacity on demand• Turn fixed costs into variable costs• Always available• Rock-solid reliability• Simple APIs and conceptual models• Cost-effective• Reduced time to market• Focus on product & core competencies
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Amazon Web Services Are...
A set of APIs and business models which give developers access to Amazon technology and content
Data As a ServiceAmazon E-Commerce ServiceAmazon Historical Pricing
Infrastructure As a ServiceAmazon Simple Queue ServiceAmazon Simple Storage ServiceAmazon Elastic Compute CloudAmazon SimpleDB
Search As a ServiceAlexa Web Information ServiceAlexa Top SitesAlexa Site Thumbnail
Alexa Web Search Platform
People As a ServiceAmazon Mechanical Turk
The Commercial Side
• Standard licensing terms• Commercially usable• Aggressive pricing• Monthly credit card billing• Self-serve model:
– Sign up as developer– Choose services – Agree to service licenses– Enter payment info– Start coding
Amazon EC2 Is…
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)• Hardware As A Service
– A Web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.
• Designed to make Web-scale computing easier for developers. – really Xen virtual machine instances running on AMD
x86; each instance has 2GB RAM and 150GB disk• A simple Web service interface that provides complete co
ntrol of your computing resources– create/destroy from the command line
Amazon EC2 Concepts
• Amazon Machine Image (AMI):– Bootable root disk– Pre-defined or user-built– Catalog of user-built AMIs– OS: Fedora, Centos, Gentoo, Debian,
Ubuntu, Windows Server– App Stack: LAMP, mpiBLAST, Hadoop
• Instance:– Running copy of an AMI– Launch in less than 2 minutes– Start/stop programmatically
• Network Security Model:– Explicit access control– Security groups
• Inter-service bandwidth is free
Simply to Use Amazon EC2
• Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). • Upload the AMI into Amazon S3. • Configure security and network access. • Choose the type(s) of instance you want to run. • Start, terminate, and monitor as many instances of your
AMI as needed, using the web service APIs. • Pay for the instance-hours and bandwidth that you actua
lly consume.
EC2 SOAP/Query API
• Images:– RegisterImage– DescribeImages– DeregisterImage
• Instances:– RunInstances– DescribeInstances– TerminateInstances– GetConsoleOutput– RebootInstances
• Keypairs:– CreateKeyPair– DescribeKeyPairs– DeleteKeyPair
• Image Attributes:– ModifyImageAttribute– DescribeImageAttribute– ResetImageAttribute
• Security Groups:– CreateSecurityGroup– DescribeSecurityGroups– DeleteSecurityGroup– AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress– RevokeSecurityGroupIngress
Service Highlights
• Elastic• Completely Controlled• Flexible• Designed for use with Amazon S3• Reliable• Secure• Inexpensive
Pricing
• Pay only for what you use and there is no minimun fee.• Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance type. • Partial instance-hours consumed are billed as full hours.
• $0.10 - Small Instance (Default)– 1.7 GB of memory, 1 EC2 Compute Unit (1 virtual core with 1 EC2 Comp
ute Unit), 160 GB of instance storage, 32-bit platform • $0.40 - Large Instance
– 7.5 GB of memory, 4 EC2 Compute Units (2 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 850 GB of instance storage, 64-bit platform
• $0.80 - Extra Large Instance– 15 GB of memory, 8 EC2 Compute Units (4 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Co
mpute Units each), 1690 GB of instance storage, 64-bit platform
Amazon EC2 Benefits You Because It
• Reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances to minutes
• Quickly scales capacity, both up and down, as your computing requirements change
• Changes the economics of computing:– Pay only for capacity that you actually use– a + bc becomes just bc
EC2 Gotchas
• Local storage is non-persistent– When you shut down, your data is lost– Need to write it elsewhere; but S3 is free!– You can "freeze" a running instance's "disks" to S3, as
an "AMI" (Amazon Machine Instance), then duplicate that to as many servers as you like
• DHCP IP address assignment– So IP changes when instance reboots– Hard to use as a public server– HTTP is still usable with a reverse proxy, such as
Pound or Apache's mod_proxy
Typical Examples
• Photo Share Web Site
• Online Backup
• Email Services• Search experience JamLoop• Podcast GIGAVOX
Web-Scale ArchitectureGigaVox is the leading podcast technology company.
GigaVox Implemented Amazon S3, Amazon EC2 and Amazon SQS in November 2006
Summary
• Cheap• Scalable• Beefy• Fault tolerant• Experiment!
Questions?
• http://www.amazonaws.com/• http://del.icio.us/jm/aws• Technical Report TR-08-07
– An Evaluation of Amazon’s Grid Computing Services: EC2, S3 and SQS• 勞虎跑得快
– 亞馬遜 Bezos 的豪賭 — Web 2.0 基礎設施租賃業